Free NAPOLCOM PNPE Exam Flashcards

Section 21 of RA 8551 (1998) amended Section 32 of RA 6975 so that NAPOLCOM itself administers both the entrance and promotional examinations for policemen, on standards the Commission sets. RA 6975's original Section 32 had the Civil Service Commission administer only the qualifying entrance examinations, on NAPOLCOM-set standards.

One police force that is national in scope and civilian in character, administered and controlled by a national police commission. The same section leaves the authority of local executives over police units in their jurisdiction to be provided by law.

RA 6975 was approved on December 13, 1990, but the PNP was formally activated on January 29, 1991, when the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police were merged. The signing date and the activation date are different dates.

The Internal Affairs Service (IAS). Section 39 tasks it with inspections and audits, investigating complaints, and conducting summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges. Section 40 requires its head, the Inspector General, to be a civilian.

It created the Police Commission (POLCOM) under the Office of the President to professionalize local police agencies; NAPOLCOM traces its founding to this 1966 law. The present National Police Commission was created by RA 6975 in 1990 as a collegial body within the DILG.

RA 11549, the PNP, BFP, BJMP and BuCor Height Equity Act, set the minimum PNP appointment height at 1.57 m for males and 1.52 m for females, down from RA 8551's 1.62 m and 1.57 m. It also grants an automatic height waiver to applicants belonging to cultural communities or indigenous peoples.

The judge, after examining the complainant and the witnesses under oath or affirmation. The warrant must also particularly describe the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized; police officers cannot authorize their own warrants.

Law enforcement, prosecution, courts, corrections, and community. Each pillar performs a distinct function, and the PNP sits within the law-enforcement pillar, not the prosecution or courts pillars.

The prosecution pillar. Police in the law-enforcement pillar investigate and gather evidence, but prosecutors evaluate that evidence, through preliminary investigation where the law requires it, before filing a case in court.

The corrections pillar, covering jails, prisons, probation, and parole. It is distinct from the courts pillar, which adjudicates guilt, and the community pillar, which supports crime prevention and reintegration.

RA 6713 (1989), the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees. Section 4 lists commitment to public interest, professionalism, justness and sincerity, political neutrality, responsiveness to the public, nationalism and patriotism, commitment to democracy, and simple living.

Political neutrality means serving everyone without unfair discrimination, regardless of party affiliation or preference. Commitment to democracy means upholding the Constitution, public accountability, and the supremacy of civilian authority over the military, with loyalty to country above loyalty to persons or party.

Patrolman/Patrolwoman. RA 11200 amended Section 28 of RA 6975, replacing the old lowest rank, Police Officer I, with Patrolman/Patrolwoman; the next ranks up are Police Corporal and Police Staff Sergeant.

'To John and me.' 'To' is a preposition, so the pronoun is its object and takes the objective case (me, him, her, us, them). Test it by dropping 'John and': you would say 'gave the reports to me,' never 'to I.'

Denotation is a word's literal dictionary meaning; connotation is the emotional association it carries. 'Frugal' and 'stingy' can denote similar spending habits but carry very different connotations.

Many words have multiple meanings, and context determines which sense applies. 'Bank' can mean a financial institution or the land along a river; only the surrounding sentence tells you which sense is intended.

It tests whether you know a word's closest meaning among the choices. The trap is picking an option that is merely related in topic rather than truly equivalent in meaning — related is not the same as synonymous.

A main-idea question asks what the whole passage is primarily about; a supporting-detail question asks about one specific fact the author used to back up that main idea. Confusing the two leads to an answer that is too narrow or too broad.

An inference question asks you to draw a logical conclusion the passage implies but never states directly. A detail question only asks you to locate information explicitly written in the text.

Facts are presented as objectively checkable regardless of viewpoint; opinions reflect the author's judgment or interpretation. Items testing 'tone' or 'author's purpose' depend on recognizing this difference.

Skim the passage once for its overall structure and main idea, then return to the specific paragraph only when a question asks about a particular detail — searching the whole passage anew each time wastes time.

The verb must match the subject's number. Collective nouns are usually treated as singular when acting as one unit ('The team is ready') but can take a plural verb when the members act individually — context decides which applies.

'Affect' is typically a verb meaning to influence ('The rain affected the game'). 'Effect' is typically a noun meaning a result ('The effect of the rain was a delay'). Mixing them up is a frequent sentence-correction trap.

A dangling modifier is a descriptive phrase that doesn't clearly attach to the word it's meant to describe, so the sentence seems to say something unintended — for example, 'Walking to the station, the rain started' implies the rain was walking.

A run-on sentence improperly joins two independent clauses without correct punctuation or a conjunction. Fix it with a semicolon, with a comma plus a coordinating conjunction (and, but, so), or by splitting it into two separate sentences.

Items in a list or comparison should share the same grammatical form. 'To run, jumping, and swim' mixes an infinitive, a gerund, and a base verb; the parallel, correct form is 'to run, jump, and swim.'

Parentheses first, then exponents, then multiplication and division (left to right), then addition and subtraction (left to right) — commonly remembered as PEMDAS. NAPOLCOM prohibits calculators, so this order must be applied carefully by hand.

Multiply by 100 for a percentage: 0.35 = 35%. For a fraction, write it over a power of 10 and simplify: 0.35 = 35/100 = 7/20.

A ratio compares two quantities, such as 3:5. A proportion states that two ratios are equal, such as 3:5 = 6:10. Solving a word problem usually means setting up a proportion and cross-multiplying to find the unknown.

25% increase: (100 minus 80) divided by 80 equals 0.25. The original (starting) value is always the base for percent change, because percent change measures the change relative to where you started, not relative to where you ended.

Simple interest is calculated only on the original principal each period (Interest = Principal x Rate x Time). Compound interest is calculated on the principal plus any interest already earned, so it grows faster across multiple periods.

Define a variable for the unknown quantity in plain words (for example, 'let x equal the number of hours') before translating the sentence into symbols. Skipping this step is a common source of setup errors.

Add their individual rates in jobs per hour: 1/4 + 1/6 = 5/12 of the job per hour together. Time together = 1 divided by 5/12 = 2.4 hours. Always add rates, not raw hours.

Distance = Speed x Time. To isolate time, divide both sides by speed: Time = Distance divided by Speed. Keep units consistent, such as not mixing kilometers with minutes, before solving.

Estimate the reasonable range of the answer first, using rounded numbers, and discard any choice clearly too large or too small. This often removes several options before exact calculation, which helps pacing under the 3-hour limit.

PHP 360,000. Multiply the percentage share by the stated total (0.15 x 2,400,000). Read the chart's total and units first: treating a percentage share as if it were the actual amount is a frequent chart-reading error.

A permutation counts arrangements where order matters, such as assigning 1st, 2nd, and 3rd place. A combination counts selections where order does not matter, such as choosing a 3-person team. Picking the wrong one is a common setup error.

The unit of measure and what the quantity represents, such as concentration or score per test. Averaging percentages or rates directly, without weighting each by the size of the group it represents, is a common error.

Check the differences between consecutive terms (3, 5, 7, 9) to see whether that gap itself changes by a steady amount, a second-level pattern. Here the next difference is 11, so the next term is 37.

Validity means the conclusion logically follows from the given premises, regardless of whether those premises are actually true. A syllogism can be valid even with false premises, and a conclusion can happen to be true even if the reasoning used was invalid.

The conclusion does not follow. 'Some B are C' says only that part of B overlaps C, and that overlap may include none of the A's. From these two premises, no definite conclusion about A and C can be drawn.

Treat each statement as 100% true and test each proposed conclusion strictly against only what was stated — reject any conclusion that merely seems plausible or relies on outside common-sense assumptions not actually given.

A logical word analogy tests the relationship pattern between a pair of words, such as cause-and-effect or tool-to-user, and asks you to find a new pair sharing that same relationship — not simply a word with a similar meaning.

Diagram the fixed clues first, meaning direct positions or direct neighbor relationships, before placing clues that only give relative or uncertain information. Fixing the certain facts narrows the possibilities for the uncertain ones.

Track rotation (how the shape turns) and the count or arrangement of its internal elements (dots, lines, shading) separately. Many series change one property on a steady pattern while independently varying or holding the other.

Identify the specific rule the majority of figures share, such as the same number of sides or the same shading direction, and confirm that exactly one figure breaks that specific rule. Don't eliminate based on a vague overall impression.

Only the second. From 'if P, then Q,' the contrapositive ('not Q, so not P') is valid. Reasoning from Q back to P, called affirming the consequent, is invalid: the match could have been cancelled for another reason.

Convert the letters to alphabet positions (B = 2, E = 5, H = 8, K = 11), find the rule (+3), and convert back: 14 = N. Numbers make skips and reversals easier to see than letters do.

Compare row-to-row and column-to-column changes separately before judging the grid as a whole. A matrix pattern is often built from one rule that holds across each row combined with a different rule that holds down each column.

It is something the statement takes for granted without saying it; if the assumption were false, the statement would lose its point. 'Apply early to avoid the rush' assumes many people will apply later. A conclusion, by contrast, is drawn from the statement rather than underlying it.