Mental Ability
Not publishedof exam
English
Not publishedof exam
Mathematics
Not publishedof exam
Science
Not publishedof exam
Quick Facts
- Exam
- College USTET
- Owner
- UST OFAD
- Subtests
- Four published
- Question count
- Not published
- Time limit
- Not published
- Domain weights
- Not published
- Fixed pass mark
- Not published
- Final rating
- 80% test + 20% grades
- Preparation
- Grades 11-12 foundations
Necessary vs Sufficient
Necessary
- Required condition
- May not guarantee
Sufficient
- Guarantees outcome
- May not be required
Must have vs enough
Pattern Picker
- Constant addition→Arithmetic rule
- Constant multiplication→Geometric rule
- Two repeating rules→Split odd/even terms
- Repeated shape turn→Track rotation
- Rule still hidden→Build difference table
Sequence Patterns
- Arithmetic
- Constant difference
- Geometric
- Constant ratio
- Fibonacci
- Previous two sum
- Alternating
- Two interleaved rules
- Squares
- n² pattern
- Cubes
- n³ pattern
- Prime
- Only two factors
- Difference table
- Compare consecutive terms
Logic Relationships
- Analogy
- Relationship carries across
- Classification
- Find shared property
- Syllogism
- Test necessary conclusion
- Conditional
- If P, then Q
- Converse
- If Q, then P
- Contrapositive
- If not Q, not P
- Necessary condition
- Must be present
- Sufficient condition
- Guarantees result
Spatial + Data
- Rotation
- Turn; shape preserved
- Reflection
- Mirror image
- Translation
- Slide; orientation preserved
- Symmetry
- Matching divided halves
- Paper fold
- Track mirrored holes
- Cube net
- Fold adjacent faces
- Matrix pattern
- Compare rows and columns
- Chart trend
- Direction across values
- Table scan
- Compare same units
Coordinating Conjunctions
For And Nor But Or Yet So
Comma joins full clausesJoin independent clauses
Inference vs Assumption
Inference
- Text-supported
- Evidence required
Assumption
- Unstated belief
- May lack evidence
Supported vs merely possible
English Picker
- Subject mismatch→Check agreement
- Description misplaced→Move modifier
- Two complete clauses→Join or separate
- Passage-wide question→Find main idea
- Unknown word→Use context clues
Grammar Essentials
- Subject-verb agreement
- Match subject number
- Pronoun agreement
- Match antecedent number
- Modifier placement
- Place beside target
- Parallelism
- Match grammatical forms
- Tense consistency
- Preserve time frame
- Fragment
- Missing complete clause
- Run-on
- Joined independent clauses
- Active voice
- Subject performs action
Fragment vs Sentence
Fragment
- Incomplete thought
- Missing clause element
Sentence
- Complete thought
- Independent clause
Part vs complete
Reading Skills
- Main idea
- Central passage claim
- Supporting detail
- Evidence for main idea
- Inference
- Supported unstated conclusion
- Tone
- Author attitude
- Purpose
- Reason text exists
- Context clue
- Nearby meaning signal
- Summary
- Main idea plus essentials
- Fact
- Verifiable statement
Vocabulary + Mechanics
- Synonym
- Similar meaning
- Antonym
- Opposite meaning
- Denotation
- Dictionary meaning
- Connotation
- Emotional association
- Transition
- Logical connection
- Concision
- Remove redundant words
- Semicolon
- Joins related independent clauses
- Colon
- Introduces list or explanation
- Apostrophe
- Possession or omission
Order of Operations
Parentheses Exponents Multiply Divide Add Subtract
P: parenthesesE: exponentsMD: left-to-rightAS: left-to-right
Permutation vs Combination
Permutation
- Order matters
- Arrangements
Combination
- Order irrelevant
- Selections
Arrange vs choose
Math Picker
- Single linear unknown→Isolate variable
- Quadratic expression→Factor or formula
- Right triangle→Pythagorean theorem
- Repeated random outcomes→Probability rules
- Skewed center→Prefer median
- Triangle side ratio→SOH CAH TOA
Algebra + Functions
- Linear equation
- Isolate the variable
- Slope
- (y₂-y₁)/(x₂-x₁)
- Quadratic formula
- [-b±√(b²-4ac)]/2a
- Difference squares
- a²-b²=(a-b)(a+b)
- Exponent product
- Add like-base exponents
- Power of power
- Multiply exponents
- Negative exponent
- Use reciprocal power
- Absolute value
- Distance from zero
Trig Ratios
SOH CAH TOA
Sine: opposite/hypotenuseCosine: adjacent/hypotenuseTangent: opposite/adjacent
Mean vs Median
Mean
- Uses every value
- Outlier-sensitive
Median
- Ordered middle
- Outlier-resistant
Average vs middle
Geometry + Trigonometry
- Triangle angles
- Sum equals 180°
- Pythagorean theorem
- a²+b²=c²
- Circle area
- A=πr²
- Circumference
- C=2πr
- Triangle area
- A=bh/2
- Rectangle area
- A=lw
- Sine
- Opposite over hypotenuse
- Cosine
- Adjacent over hypotenuse
- Tangent
- Opposite over adjacent
Statistics + Probability
- Mean
- Sum divided by count
- Median
- Ordered middle value
- Mode
- Most frequent value
- Range
- Maximum minus minimum
- Probability
- Favorable over total
- Complement
- 1-P(A)
- Permutation
- Order matters
- Combination
- Order irrelevant
Taxonomic Order
King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
Kingdom Phylum ClassOrder Family Genus Species
Mass vs Weight
Mass
- Amount of matter
- Measured in kilograms
Weight
- Gravitational force
- Measured in newtons
Matter vs force
Science Picker
- Distance and time→Speed relation
- Force and acceleration→F=ma
- Voltage current resistance→Ohm's law
- Atoms and moles→Track particle ratios
- Inherited trait→Genetic cross
- Plate collision→Convergent boundary
Physics Essentials
- Speed
- v=d/t
- Acceleration
- a=Δv/Δt
- Newton's second law
- F=ma
- Work
- W=Fd parallel
- Power
- P=W/t
- Momentum
- p=mv
- Ohm's law
- V=IR
- Wave speed
- v=fλ
Mitosis vs Meiosis
Mitosis
- One division
- Identical diploid cells
Meiosis
- Two divisions
- Variable haploid cells
Growth vs gametes
Chemistry Essentials
- Atomic number
- Number of protons
- Mass number
- Protons plus neutrons
- Isotope
- Same protons; different neutrons
- Mole
- 6.022×10²³ particles
- Molarity
- Moles per liter solution
- pH
- <7 acid; 7 neutral; >7 base
- Balancing
- Conserve each element
- Redox
- Oxidation loses; reduction gains
Biology + Earth Science
- Cell membrane
- Selective boundary
- Mitochondrion
- ATP production
- DNA
- Genetic instructions
- Mitosis
- Identical diploid cells
- Meiosis
- Haploid gametes
- Photosynthesis
- Light to chemical energy
- Respiration
- Glucose to ATP
- Convergent boundary
- Collision or subduction
- Igneous rock
- Cooled magma or lava
Common Traps
Official scope vs blueprint
Four subtests official ≠ Detailed weights unpublished
Test score vs final rating
Test contributes 80% ≠ Grades contribute 20%
Converse vs contrapositive
Converse swaps ≠ Contrapositive swaps and negates
Correlation vs causation
Correlation shows association ≠ Causation needs evidence
Subject vs nearby noun
Verb follows subject ≠ Ignore interrupting phrase
Area vs perimeter
Area covers surface ≠ Perimeter traces boundary
Denominator vs numerator
Denominator cannot zero ≠ Numerator may zero
Speed vs acceleration
Speed is scalar ≠ Acceleration changes velocity
Last Minute
- 1.Four subtests; weights not published
- 2.Counts and timing not published
- 3.Final rating: 80% test, 20% grades
- 4.Review Grades 11-12 foundations
- 5.Sequences: test differences first
- 6.English: prove answers from text
- 7.Math: write formula before substituting
- 8.Science: track units and signs
- 9.Probability: 0 ≤ P ≤ 1
- 10.Denominator cannot equal zero
- 11.Correlation never proves causation
- 12.Cutoffs vary by program
- 13.Read your official test permit
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