National Insurance Concepts
12%of exam
National Property Content
27%of exam
National Casualty Content
38%of exam
Connecticut State Law
23%of exam
CID RegulationCT Auto MinimumsCUIPA EthicsProducer Licensing
Quick Facts
- Exam
- 12-CT-04
- Credential
- CT P&C Producer
- Questions
- 145 (130 scored)
- Time
- 2.5 hours
- Pass
- 70%
- Format
- MC, Pearson VUE
- Level
- State licensing
- Blueprint
- Oct 27, 2025
Insurance Terms
- Indemnity
- Restore to prior condition
- Insurable interest
- Financial loss potential
- Peril
- Cause of loss
- Hazard
- Increases loss chance
- Moral hazard
- Dishonesty increases risk
- Law of large numbers
- Predicts losses accurately
- Adverse selection
- Bad risks seek coverage
- Pure risk
- Only loss possible
Policy Provisions
- Declarations
- Who, what, how much
- Insuring agreement
- Insurer's core promise
- Conditions
- Duties to keep coverage
- Exclusions
- What's not covered
- Endorsement
- Modifies base policy
- Warranty
- Statement must be true
- Representation
- Believed true when made
- Concealment
- Hiding a material fact
HO Form Broadness
HO-8 narrow to HO-5 broadest
HO-8: limitedHO-2: broad namedHO-3: special dwellingHO-5: special both
HO-3 vs HO-5
HO-3
- Dwelling open perils
- Contents named perils
- Most common form
HO-5
- Dwelling open perils
- Contents open perils
- Broadest personal form
Named vs open contents
Which Homeowners/Dwelling Form Fits
- Renter needs contents only→HO-4(Tenant form)
- Condo unit interior owner→HO-6(Unit-owners form)
- Standard owner-occupied home→HO-3(Special dwelling form)
- Broadest home and contents→HO-5(Open perils both)
- Older home, limited value→HO-8(Functional cost basis)
- Basic budget dwelling only→DP-1(Named perils basic)
HO Forms
- HO-2
- Broad named perils
- HO-3
- Special dwelling, named contents
- HO-4
- Renters, no dwelling
- HO-5
- Special dwelling and contents
- HO-6
- Condo unit-owners
- HO-8
- Older home, modified coverage
ACV vs Replacement Cost
ACV
- Replacement minus depreciation
- Lower payout
- Default unless endorsed
Replacement Cost
- No depreciation deduction
- Higher payout
- Requires RC endorsement
Depreciated vs full value
DP Forms
- DP-1
- Basic named perils
- DP-2
- Broad named perils
- DP-3
- Special, open perils
- Coverage A
- Dwelling
- Coverage C
- Personal property
Dwelling Forms vs Homeowners Forms
DP Forms
- Property only
- No liability coverage
- Rental/investment use
HO Forms
- Property plus liability
- Owner-occupied focus
- Package policy
Property-only vs package
Commercial Property
- BOP
- Small business package
- Builders risk
- Under-construction coverage
- Vacancy clause
- Limits coverage if empty
- Inland marine
- Movable property floater
- Business income
- Lost earnings coverage
- Improvements & betterments
- Tenant's personal property interest
Property Valuation & Coinsurance
- ACV
- Replacement cost minus depreciation
- Replacement cost
- No depreciation deduction
- Coinsurance formula
- Carried / Required x Loss
- Agreed value
- Waives coinsurance penalty
- Extended replacement cost
- Pays above dwelling limit
- Functional replacement cost
- Like-kind, less costly materials
PAP Parts A-D
A Liable, B Medical, C Uninsured, D Damage
A: LiabilityB: MedpayC: UM/UIMD: Physical damage
Occurrence vs Claims-Made
Occurrence
- Triggers by loss date
- No tail needed
- Covers past policies
Claims-Made
- Triggers by report date
- Needs retroactive date
- May need tail coverage
Loss date vs report date
Which PAP Coverage Part Applies
- Insured liable for injury→Part A liability(BI/PD to others)
- Own car damaged→Part D physical damage(Collision/other-than-collision)
- Hit by uninsured driver→Part C UM coverage(No/low other insurance)
- Medical bills any fault→Part B medpay(No-fault small bills)
- Borrowed non-owned vehicle→Non-owned auto extension(Temporary use only)
- Need rental car coverage→Transportation expense endorsement(Optional add-on)
PAP Coverage Parts
- Part A
- Liability coverage
- Part B
- Medical payments
- Part C
- Uninsured motorist
- Part D
- Physical damage
- Named driver exclusion
- Excludes a specific driver
- Non-owned auto
- Borrowed vehicle coverage
CGL Coverage A-C
A Bodily/Property, B Personal/Ad, C Medical
A: BI/PDB: Personal injuryC: Medpay
Workers Comp vs Employers Liability
Workers Comp
- Statutory benefits
- No-fault
- Part One
Employers Liability
- Common-law suits
- Gaps outside statute
- Part Two
Statutory vs lawsuit gap
CGL & Liability Triggers
- CGL Coverage A
- Bodily injury/property damage
- CGL Coverage B
- Personal/advertising injury
- CGL Coverage C
- Medical payments
- Occurrence form
- Triggers on loss date
- Claims-made form
- Triggers on report date
- Retroactive date
- Claims-made coverage start
Workers Comp & Bonds
- WC Part One
- Statutory benefits
- WC Part Two
- Employers liability
- Exclusive remedy
- Bars most employee suits
- Surety bond
- Guarantees performance/payment
- Fidelity bond
- Covers employee dishonesty
- Second injury fund
- Prior-disability claim costs
Casualty Additional Coverages
- Umbrella policy
- Excess liability limits
- Med pay vs BI
- No-fault vs fault-based
- Aggregate limit
- Caps total policy payout
- Per-occurrence limit
- Caps single-event payout
- Supplementary payments
- Legal defense costs
- Twisting
- Misleading policy replacement
CT State Law Weights
Reg 60, Comp 17, Auto 13, Law 10
Reg: 60%WC: 17%Auto: 13%P&C law: 10%
Twisting vs Rebating
Twisting
- Misleading policy comparison
- Induces replacement
- Misrepresentation-based
Rebating
- Unlawful inducement
- Shares commission
- Value-based, not misleading
Misleads vs bribes
CT State-Law Study Priority
- Limited study time left→Regulation first(60% of state law)
- Next priority topic→Workers comp law(17% of state law)
- Third priority topic→Auto law(13% of state law)
- Lowest-weighted topic→General P&C law(10% of state law)
- Reviewing ethics/CE rules→Recall 3-hr law/ethics CE(Part of 24 hrs total)
- Final week before exam→Check current CID bulletins(2026 updates)
CT Regulation & Licensing
- CID
- Connecticut Insurance Department
- CGS Title 38a
- CT insurance statutes
- Pre-licensing
- 40 hrs combined P&C
- License renewal
- Due birth-month end
- CE requirement
- 24 hrs every 2 years
- CE law/ethics
- 3 hrs required
- Exam retake wait
- 24 hours
- CT Guaranty Association
- Pays insolvent-insurer claims
CT Auto & UM/UIM
- CT auto minimum
- 25/50/25 liability
- CT UM/UIM minimum
- 25/50 required
- CGS 38a-335
- Auto liability statute
- CGS 38a-336
- UM/UIM statute
- CGS 14-112
- Financial responsibility law
CT Ethics & Unfair Practices
- CUIPA
- CGS 38a-815 unfair practices
- Rebating
- Illegal inducement to buy
- Misrepresentation
- False coverage statement
- Fiduciary duty
- Proper premium handling
- Commissioner powers
- Fine, suspend, revoke
- Unfair claims handling
- Unreasonable claim delay
Common Traps
ACV vs Replacement Cost
ACV subtracts depreciation ≠ RC pays full cost
Occurrence vs Claims-Made Trigger
Occurrence uses loss date ≠ Claims-made uses report date
Twisting vs Rebating
Twisting misleads comparison ≠ Rebating shares commission
Workers Comp vs Employers Liability
WC pays statutory benefits ≠ EL covers common-law gaps
HO-3 vs HO-5 Contents
HO-3 contents named perils ≠ HO-5 contents open perils
CT Liability vs UM/UIM Limits
Liability includes property damage ≠ UM/UIM covers bodily injury only
National vs CT State Content
National tests general rules ≠ CT tests CGS Title 38a
Last Minute
- 1.145 Qs, 2.5 hours, 70% pass
- 2.CT auto minimum: 25/50/25
- 3.CT UM/UIM minimum: 25/50
- 4.Regulation is 60% of state law
- 5.ACV = replacement cost minus depreciation
- 6.Coinsurance: carried/required times loss
- 7.Occurrence = loss date trigger
- 8.Claims-made = report date trigger
- 9.CUIPA = CGS 38a-815
- 10.24 CE hours, 3 ethics hours
- 11.Renewal due: birth month end
- 12.Twisting misleads; rebating shares commission
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