General
23%of exam
Airframe
38%of exam
Powerplant
38%of exam
Quick Facts
- Tests
- AMG, AMA, AMP
- Questions
- 260 listed
- AMG
- 60 questions
- AMA
- 100 questions
- AMP
- 100 questions
- Time
- 2 hours each
- Pass
- 70% each
- Vendor
- PSI
- Standard
- Mechanic ACS
Three Tests
G first, then A and P
AMG: 60AMA: 100AMP: 100All: 70%
AMG vs AMA/AMP
AMG
- General base
- 60 listed
- Both ratings use
AMA/AMP
- Rating specific
- 100 listed each
- Separate AKTRs
Base vs rating
Test Logistics
- AMG
- General knowledge
- AMA
- Airframe knowledge
- AMP
- Powerplant knowledge
- FTN
- FAA tracking number
- AKTR
- Knowledge test report
- DME
- Oral practical examiner
- PSI
- Testing vendor
- Validation
- Unscored possible items
Ohm Law
E over I times R
E = I x RI = E/RR = E/I
Approved vs Acceptable
Approved
- FAA accepted
- Needed for majors
- Return support
Acceptable
- Useful reference
- May need approval
- Not always enough
Authority matters
Record Picker
- Major repair→Form 337
- Major alteration→Form 337
- Routine maintenance→Log entry
- AD applies→Compliance record
- Return to service→Signature entry
- Unknown method→Approved data
Eligibility
- Age
- 18 minimum
- English
- Read write speak
- One rating
- 18 months
- Both ratings
- 30 months concurrent
- AMTS
- 147 school path
- JSAMTCC
- Military pathway
- 8610-2
- Mechanic application
- Retest
- 30 days or endorsement
W&B Math
Weight times arm makes moment
Moment: W x ACG: moment/weightArm: distance
AD vs SB
AD
- Mandatory
- FAA rule
- Track recurrence
SB
- Manufacturer issued
- Normally advisory
- Can support data
Required vs recommended
Electricity
- Current
- Electron movement
- Voltage
- Electrical pressure
- Resistance
- Current opposition
- Ohm
- E = I x R
- Power
- P = E x I
- Series R
- Adds directly
- Parallel R
- Total decreases
- Voltmeter
- Connect parallel
- Ammeter
- Connect series
- AWG
- Lower is larger
Weight Balance
- Datum
- Reference plane
- Arm
- Distance from datum
- Moment
- Weight x arm
- CG
- Total moment/weight
- Forward CG
- More nose down
- Aft CG
- Less stability
- Tare
- Deduct container weight
- Ballast
- Correct CG location
Records Data
- Part 43
- Maintenance rules
- Part 65
- Mechanic certification
- Part 91
- Owner inspection duties
- AD
- Mandatory compliance
- SB
- Manufacturer recommendation
- 337
- Major alteration/repair
- Approved data
- Acceptable for approval
- Log entry
- Work return record
Materials Corrosion
- Alclad
- Pure aluminum coating
- Galvanic
- Dissimilar metals
- Pitting
- Small deep cavities
- Intergranular
- Grain boundary attack
- Filiform
- Under paint tracks
- Exfoliation
- Layered lifting
- Passivation
- Protective oxide
- Torque
- Specified tightening
Control Axis
Aileron roll, elevator pitch, rudder yaw
Aileron: rollElevator: pitchRudder: yaw
Deicing vs Anti-Icing
Deicing
- Removes ice
- Cycles after buildup
- Boots common
Anti-icing
- Prevents ice
- Before accumulation
- Heat/fluid common
Remove vs prevent
Airframe Troubleshooter
- Heavy controls→Rigging check
- Loose controls→Freeplay limits
- Soft brakes→Bleed system
- Gear unsafe→Switches/locks
- Low pressure→Pump/relief check
- Ice concern→Anti/deice system
Structures
- Monocoque
- Skin carries loads
- Semimonocoque
- Skin plus frame
- Longeron
- Lengthwise member
- Stringer
- Stiffens skin
- Bulkhead
- Fuselage frame
- Spar
- Primary wing beam
- Rib
- Airfoil shape
- Doubler
- Reinforcement patch
- Edge distance
- Hole margin
- Rivet pitch
- Fastener spacing
Hydraulic vs Pneumatic
Hydraulic
- Liquid power
- Incompressible
- High force
Pneumatic
- Air power
- Compressible
- Lower weight
Fluid vs air
Controls Rigging
- Aileron
- Roll control
- Elevator
- Pitch control
- Rudder
- Yaw control
- Trim tab
- Control force relief
- Cable tension
- Use tension chart
- Turnbuckle
- Cable adjustment
- Control stop
- Travel limiter
- Flutter
- Destructive oscillation
Airframe Systems
- Hydraulic
- Incompressible fluid power
- Pneumatic
- Compressed air power
- Accumulator
- Stores pressure
- Relief valve
- Limits pressure
- Selector valve
- Routes flow
- Oleo strut
- Shock absorption
- Anti-skid
- Prevents wheel lock
- Bleed air
- Engine compressor air
Protection Avionics
- Pitot
- Impact pressure
- Static
- Ambient pressure
- Altimeter
- Static pressure
- Airspeed
- Pitot plus static
- ELT
- Emergency transmitter
- Position lights
- Navigation lights
- Fire detection
- Heat sensing
- Deicing
- Remove ice
- Anti-icing
- Prevent ice
Four Stroke
Suck squeeze bang blow
IntakeCompressionPowerExhaust
Detonation vs Preignition
Detonation
- Explosive burn
- After spark
- Pressure spike
Preignition
- Early ignition
- Hot spot
- Before spark
Explosion vs early fire
Powerplant Troubleshooter
- Rough mag check→Ignition system
- High CHT→Cooling/mixture
- High EGT→Mixture/induction
- Low oil pressure→Oil system
- Poor acceleration→Fuel metering
- Vibration after prop→Track/balance
Engine Basics
- Intake
- Charge enters
- Compression
- Charge squeezed
- Power
- Combustion drives piston
- Exhaust
- Gases leave
- Detonation
- Explosive combustion
- Preignition
- Early ignition source
- EGT
- Exhaust gas temperature
- CHT
- Cylinder head temperature
- Turbine
- Continuous combustion
- Compressor
- Raises air pressure
Fixed vs Constant Speed
Fixed pitch
- Angle fixed
- RPM varies
- Simple prop
Constant speed
- Governor controlled
- RPM selected
- Blade angle varies
Fixed angle vs governed
Fuel Ignition
- Carburetor
- Venturi fuel metering
- Mixture
- Fuel/air ratio
- Idle cutoff
- Stops fuel flow
- Vapor lock
- Fuel vapor blockage
- Carb ice
- Venturi temperature drop
- Magneto
- Self-contained ignition
- E-gap
- Magneto timing point
- Impulse coupling
- Starting spark boost
- Spark plug
- Ignites mixture
- Hot start
- Vapor-rich condition
Lubrication Propellers
- Wet sump
- Oil in engine
- Dry sump
- Separate oil tank
- Scavenge pump
- Returns oil
- Pressure pump
- Supplies bearings
- Oil cooler
- Removes heat
- Governor
- Controls blade angle
- Fixed pitch
- Blade angle fixed
- Constant speed
- Maintains selected RPM
- Feather
- Minimum drag angle
- Blade track
- Tip path check
Engine Inspection
- Compression test
- Cylinder sealing
- Borescope
- Internal visual
- Oil screen
- Metal evidence
- Hot section
- Turbine inspection area
- FOD
- Foreign object damage
- TBO
- Overhaul interval
- Run-up
- Operational check
- Leak check
- Fluid escape check
Common Traps
One test myth
Three separate AKTRs ≠ No combined score
FTN vs authorization
FTN identifies you ≠ 8610-2 authorizes path
Validation questions
May appear ≠ Not scored
AD vs SB
AD is mandatory ≠ SB usually advisory
Series vs parallel
Series resistance adds ≠ Parallel resistance drops
Deice vs anti-ice
Deice removes ice ≠ Anti-ice prevents ice
Detonation vs preignition
Detonation after spark ≠ Preignition before spark
Major vs minor
Major needs approval ≠ Minor needs entry
Last Minute
- 1.AMG 60; AMA/AMP 100 each
- 2.Each test: 2 hours
- 3.Each test: 70% pass
- 4.FTN first; PSI schedules
- 5.Keep every AKTR
- 6.O&P follows passed writtens
- 7.AD mandatory; SB usually advisory
- 8.Major work needs approved data
- 9.Moment = weight x arm
- 10.Series adds; parallel drops
- 11.Hydraulic liquid; pneumatic air
- 12.Detonation after; preignition before
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