Role + Responsibilities
12%of exam
Communication
12%of exam
Therapeutic TalkListeningBarriersTeamwork
Infection Control
12%of exam
Safety + Emergency
12%of exam
Personal Care
18%of exam
BathingDressingPerineal CareToileting
Basic Nursing Skills
18%of exam
Mental Health
8%of exam
Legal + Ethical
8%of exam
Quick Facts
- Credential
- CNA
- Parts
- Written + skills
- Written
- Often 60-70 questions
- Skills
- Usually 5 skills
- Always
- Handwashing + indirect care
- Pass
- State specific
- Registry
- State nurse aide
Report vs Record
Report
- Tell nurse
- Change in condition
Record
- Chart facts
- Care performed
Tell vs chart
Scope
- CNA role
- Basic resident care
- RN/LPN
- Delegates care
- Assessment
- Nurse responsibility
- Diagnosis
- Never CNA duty
- Care plan
- Follow exactly
- Report change
- Tell nurse promptly
- Documentation
- Facts only
- Refusal
- Report, do not force
Objective vs Subjective
Objective
- Observed data
- Measured vital
Subjective
- Resident says
- Pain report
Seen vs said
Communication
- Active listening
- Attend and reflect
- Open question
- Encourages detail
- Closed question
- Specific answer
- Nonverbal
- Body language
- Validation
- Acknowledge feelings
- Aphasia
- Language impairment
- Hearing loss
- Face resident
- SBAR
- Structured report
Clean vs Dirty
Clean
- Washed area
- Fresh supplies
Dirty
- Contaminated area
- Used supplies
Clean before dirty
Hand Hygiene
- Soap friction
- At least 20 seconds
- Before contact
- Clean hands first
- After gloves
- Wash again
- ABHR
- Alcohol rub
- Visible soil
- Use soap water
- Fingernails
- Clean underneath
- Faucet
- Use towel barrier
- Recontamination
- Avoid clean-hand contact
Precautions
- Standard
- Every resident
- Contact
- Gloves and gown
- Droplet
- Mask close care
- Airborne
- Special room
- PPE
- Exposure barrier
- Dirty linen
- Hold away
- Bag linen
- At point of use
- Disinfection
- Kills most pathogens
Fire RACE
Rescue, alarm, contain, extinguish.
RescueAlarmContainExtinguish
Restraint vs Assistive
Restraint
- Restricts movement
- Requires order
Assistive
- Supports independence
- Promotes safety
Restrict vs support
Emergency Picker
- Resident falls→Call nurse first
- Choking occurs→Call for help
- Fire seen→RACE
- Unresponsive resident→Activate emergency
- New chest pain→Report immediately
- Abuse suspected→Report immediately
- Refusal occurs→Respect and report
- Spill occurs→Follow facility policy
Safety
- Fall risk
- Call light nearby
- Bed low
- Brake locked
- Gait belt
- Transfer support
- Body mechanics
- Wide base
- Ambulation
- Walk beside weak side
- Restraint
- Only per order
- RACE
- Fire response
- PASS
- Extinguisher steps
PASS
Pull, aim, squeeze, sweep.
PullAimSqueezeSweep
Personal Care
- Privacy
- Cover and close
- Drape
- Expose only area
- Oral care
- Brush gums/tongue
- Denture
- Handle over towel
- Perineal care
- Front to back
- Catheter care
- Clean away from meatus
- Nail care
- No diabetic trimming
- Foot care
- Dry between toes
Skills Picker
- Before resident contact→Hand hygiene
- Starting any skill→Provide privacy
- Need transfer→Lock brakes
- Resident stands→Use gait belt
- Feeding resident→Sit upright
- Measuring urine→Use graduate
- Weak side exists→Support weak side
- Skill complete→Call light near
Vitals
- Temperature
- Body heat
- Pulse
- Rate and rhythm
- Respirations
- Count quietly
- BP
- Systolic/diastolic
- Apical pulse
- Stethoscope at apex
- Radial pulse
- Wrist artery
- Pulse ox
- Oxygen saturation
- Pain
- Resident report
Mobility
- Fowler
- Head elevated
- Supine
- On back
- Lateral
- On side
- Transfer
- Bed to chair
- ROM
- Joint movement
- Dangling
- Sit before standing
- Cane
- Strong side
- Walker
- Move walker first
Nutrition
- Aspiration
- Food enters airway
- Dysphagia
- Swallowing difficulty
- Thickened liquids
- Swallow protection
- I&O
- Intake and output
- NPO
- Nothing by mouth
- Feeding
- Small bites
- Diet card
- Follow exactly
- Fluid restriction
- Measure all intake
Dementia
- Reality orientation
- Use with confusion
- Validation
- Accept feelings
- Sundowning
- Evening confusion
- Wandering
- Ensure safety
- Agitation
- Reduce stimuli
- Routine
- Promotes security
- Hallucination
- Do not argue
- Depression
- Report withdrawal
Resident Rights
Privacy, dignity, choice, safety.
PrivacyDignityChoiceSafety
Neglect vs Abuse
Neglect
- Care omitted
- Needs unmet
Abuse
- Intentional harm
- Physical/verbal/sexual
Omission vs harm
Rights
- Privacy
- Personal information protected
- Dignity
- Respectful care
- Choice
- Resident preferences
- Confidentiality
- Need-to-know only
- Abuse
- Report immediately
- Neglect
- Failure to care
- Exploitation
- Improper personal gain
- Advance directive
- Care wishes document
Common Traps
Handwashing Skill
Always scored ≠ Avoid recontamination
Resident Falls
Do not move ≠ Call nurse first
Food Refusal
Do not force ≠ Report intake
Confidentiality
No hallway talk ≠ Need-to-know only
Denture Care
Use towel basin ≠ Avoid breakage
Perineal Care
Front to back ≠ Clean to dirty
Last Minute
- 1.Handwashing is always scored
- 2.Indirect care runs throughout
- 3.Call light within reach
- 4.Lock wheels before transfer
- 5.Report condition changes promptly
- 6.Never force resident refusal
- 7.Clean from clean to dirty
- 8.Perineal care front to back
- 9.Document facts only
- 10.Abuse suspicion: report now
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