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Under 14 CFR Part 61 Subpart I, what is the minimum age to hold an Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) certificate?

A
B
C
D
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Key Facts: FAA IGI Exam

50

Exam Questions

Multiple choice

70%

Passing Score

35 of 50 correct

2 hours

Time Limit

120 minutes

$175

Test Fee

PSI testing centers

14 CFR 61.213

Governing Reg

Part 61 Subpart I

No expiration

Certificate Validity

12-month currency req.

The FAA IGI knowledge test is a 50-question multiple-choice exam with a 2-hour time limit and a 70% passing score (35 of 50 correct) at PSI testing centers for $175. You must also pass the 50-question FOI test unless exempt (teacher certificate or college instructor). The IGI authorizes ground training for the instrument rating specifically under 14 CFR 61.213/61.215, and is often held together with AGI for maximum endorsement authority. Knowledge test results are valid 24 months; the certificate does not expire but requires 12-month currency per 14 CFR 61.217.

Sample FAA IGI Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your FAA IGI exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under 14 CFR Part 61 Subpart I, what is the minimum age to hold an Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) certificate?
A.16 years old
B.17 years old
C.18 years old
D.21 years old
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 61.213(a)(1), an applicant for any ground instructor certificate (including IGI) must be at least 18 years of age. The knowledge tests may be taken at 16, but the actual certificate is not issued until age 18.
2An Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) is authorized to provide ground training for which of the following?
A.All pilot certificates and ratings
B.Private and commercial pilot certificates only
C.The instrument rating only
D.Sport and recreational pilot certificates
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 61.215(d), an Instrument Ground Instructor may provide ground training in the aeronautical knowledge areas required for the issuance of an instrument rating. IGI authority is specifically limited to instrument rating ground training; other pilot certificates require a BGI or AGI.
3Which additional knowledge test must an initial IGI applicant pass besides the IGI test itself?
A.Private Pilot (PAR) knowledge test
B.Fundamentals of Instructing (FOI)
C.Instrument Rating Airplane (IRA)
D.Airline Transport Pilot (ATP)
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 61.213(a)(3), applicants for a ground instructor certificate must pass a knowledge test on the fundamentals of instructing (FOI). This requirement is waived under 14 CFR 61.213(b) for holders of a current teacher's certificate or college/university instructors.
4How many questions are on the FAA IGI knowledge test?
A.25 questions
B.50 questions
C.80 questions
D.100 questions
Explanation: The FAA Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) knowledge test consists of 50 multiple-choice questions. The time limit is 2 hours and the passing score is 70% (35 of 50 correct). The AGI has 100 questions and the BGI has 80 questions.
5What is the minimum passing score on the FAA IGI knowledge test?
A.60%
B.70%
C.75%
D.80%
Explanation: Per the FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Matrix, the passing score for the IGI knowledge test is 70%, which corresponds to 35 correct answers out of 50 questions.
6Under 14 CFR 91.167, for an IFR flight to an airport with weather forecast at or above 2,000 feet ceilings and 3 SM visibility for one hour before through one hour after ETA, what fuel reserve is required beyond the destination?
A.30 minutes at normal cruise
B.45 minutes at normal cruise
C.1 hour at normal cruise
D.Fuel to fly to an alternate plus 45 minutes
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 91.167(a), IFR fuel reserves require enough fuel to fly to the first airport of intended landing, then (if an alternate is required) to the alternate, and then 45 minutes at normal cruise. When no alternate is required (2,000/3 rule met), only the destination plus 45 minutes is required.
7Under the '1-2-3 rule' of 14 CFR 91.169, when is an alternate airport required on an IFR flight plan?
A.Always required for IFR flight
B.When weather at ETA is forecast below 1,000 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility within 1 hour of ETA
C.When forecast from 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA is below 2,000 ft ceiling or 3 SM visibility
D.Only when filing to a non-towered airport
Explanation: The '1-2-3 rule' under 14 CFR 91.169(b)(2) requires an alternate unless, from 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA, the weather is forecast to be at least 2,000 feet ceiling AND 3 statute miles visibility. If either is forecast below those minimums, an alternate is required.
8For an alternate airport with a precision approach procedure, what are the standard alternate weather minimums under 14 CFR 91.169?
A.400 ft ceiling and 1 SM visibility
B.600 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility
C.800 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility
D.1,000 ft ceiling and 3 SM visibility
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 91.169(c), standard alternate minimums are 600-2 (600 ft ceiling, 2 SM visibility) for airports with precision approaches and 800-2 (800/2) for airports with non-precision approaches. Non-standard minimums may apply when depicted on the approach plate.
9For an alternate airport served only by non-precision approaches, what are the standard alternate weather minimums?
A.600 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility
B.800 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility
C.1,000 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility
D.1,000 ft ceiling and 3 SM visibility
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 91.169(c), for an airport with only non-precision approaches, the standard alternate minimums are 800 ft ceiling and 2 SM visibility (commonly remembered as '800-2'). Precision approach airports use 600-2.
10Under 14 CFR 91.171, what is the maximum allowable bearing error when performing a VOR operational check using a VOT?
A.Plus or minus 2 degrees
B.Plus or minus 4 degrees
C.Plus or minus 6 degrees
D.Plus or minus 8 degrees
Explanation: Per 14 CFR 91.171(b)(1), the maximum permissible error using a VOT (VOR test facility) is plus or minus 4 degrees. When receiving a VOT, the CDI should read 0 with FROM or 180 with TO.

About the FAA IGI Exam

The FAA Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) certificate authorizes holders to provide ground training for the instrument rating and instrument proficiency checks under 14 CFR Part 61 Subpart I. Unlike the Advanced Ground Instructor (AGI), which covers all pilot certificates except the instrument rating, the IGI is specifically focused on instrument knowledge. Many instructors hold IGI alongside AGI for maximum ground-training authority. No pilot certificate, flight experience, or medical certificate is required. The IGI knowledge test covers IFR regulations, instrument approach procedures, attitude instrument flying, holding patterns, IFR charts, instrument meteorology, instrument systems and failures, and the Fundamentals of Instructing (FOI).

Questions

50 scored questions

Time Limit

2 hours (120 minutes)

Passing Score

70% (35 of 50 questions correct)

Exam Fee

$175 (FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) / PSI Services)

FAA IGI Exam Content Outline

20%

IFR Regulations (14 CFR Part 91)

91.167 fuel reserves, 91.169 alternate requirements and 1-2-3 rule, 91.171 VOR equipment checks, 91.173 IFR flight plan, 91.175 approach procedures MDA/DA, 91.177 minimum IFR altitudes, 91.185 lost comms.

18%

Instrument Approach Procedures

ILS, RNAV GPS (LNAV/VNAV/LPV), VOR, NDB, localizer back-course approaches, approach plate interpretation, DME arcs, circling approaches, approach categories, missed approach procedures.

15%

Attitude Instrument Flying

Selective radial and rectangular scan patterns, primary/supporting instruments, control-performance concept, unusual attitude recovery, partial-panel flying, and common student scan errors.

12%

IFR Charts and Holding Patterns

Enroute low/high altitude charts, SIDs, STARs, holding entries (direct, parallel, teardrop), holding speeds and timing, and IFR departure procedures.

10%

Fundamentals of Instructing

Learning process, domains of learning, teaching methods, hazardous attitudes, ADM, CRM, lesson planning, effective communication, and student evaluation techniques.

10%

Instrument Meteorology

Structural and induction icing, turbulence, thunderstorm avoidance, inadvertent flight into IMC, IFR weather minima, and aviation weather briefings.

10%

Instrument Systems and Failures

Pitot-static system, stuck static port and blocked pitot indications, attitude indicator, HSI, vacuum systems, GPS RAIM and WAAS, partial-panel techniques.

5%

Navigation and ATC

VOR, DME, GPS operations, ATC clearances, position reporting, and IFR communication procedures.

How to Pass the FAA IGI Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 70% (35 of 50 questions correct)
  • Exam length: 50 questions
  • Time limit: 2 hours (120 minutes)
  • Exam fee: $175

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

FAA IGI Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master 14 CFR 91.167-91.177 cold — these IFR operating rules (fuel reserves, alternates/1-2-3 rule, VOR checks, flight plans, approach minimums, minimum altitudes) are the most heavily tested section of the IGI exam.
2Practice the four holding pattern entries (direct, parallel, teardrop) until they are automatic. Know the 70-degree rule for choosing between parallel and teardrop, and the standard holding speeds (200 KIAS below 6,000 MSL; 230 below 14,000; 265 above).
3Use the FAA Testing Supplement (FAA-CT-8080-7) during study since it contains the same approach plates, enroute charts, and figures you will reference during the actual IGI exam.
4Drill pitot-static failure scenarios (blocked pitot, blocked static port, stuck static, alternate static source effects) until you can predict airspeed, altimeter, and VSI behavior instantly — these are classic IGI questions.
5Study the Instrument Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-15) and Instrument Procedures Handbook (FAA-H-8083-16) alongside the Aviation Instructor's Handbook (FAA-H-8083-9) to cover both content and FOI topics in parallel.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the FAA Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) certificate?

The IGI is one of three ground instructor certificates issued under 14 CFR Part 61 Subpart I. It specifically authorizes holders to provide ground training for the instrument rating and to endorse students for the instrument rating knowledge test and practical test ground portions. Unlike the Advanced Ground Instructor (AGI), which covers all pilot certificates except the instrument rating, the IGI is dedicated to instrument knowledge. Many instructors hold both AGI and IGI for comprehensive authority.

How is the IGI different from the AGI and BGI?

The three ratings differ by scope. The Basic Ground Instructor (BGI) covers sport, recreational, and private pilot ground training only. The Advanced Ground Instructor (AGI) adds commercial, ATP, and all pilot certificates EXCEPT the instrument rating. The Instrument Ground Instructor (IGI) covers ONLY the instrument rating ground training. AGI and IGI are complementary — instructors often hold both (AGI + IGI) to teach any pilot certificate or rating.

How many questions are on the IGI knowledge test?

The IGI knowledge test has 50 multiple-choice questions with a 2-hour time limit and a 70% passing score (35 of 50 correct). It is administered at FAA-authorized PSI testing centers for a $175 fee. You must also pass the 50-question Fundamentals of Instructing (FOI) knowledge test unless you hold a current teacher's certificate or are employed as a college or university instructor per 14 CFR 61.213(b).

Do I need a pilot certificate to become an IGI?

No. Unlike flight instructor certificates, the IGI has no pilot certificate, flight experience, or medical certificate requirement. You must be at least 18 years old, able to read/write/speak/understand English, and pass both the FOI and IGI knowledge tests (the FOI may be waived). This makes IGI one of the most accessible FAA certificates for aviation educators, former military instructors, and dispatchers.

What endorsement authority does an IGI have?

Per 14 CFR 61.215(d), an Instrument Ground Instructor may provide ground training in the aeronautical knowledge areas for the issuance of an instrument rating, endorse applicants for the instrument rating knowledge test, and endorse the ground training portions required for the instrument rating practical test. An IGI cannot endorse applicants for flight proficiency — that requires a CFII (flight instructor with instrument rating).

How much does the IGI exam cost?

The IGI knowledge test costs $175, paid to PSI at the testing center. For initial IGI certification you typically need two tests: the FOI ($175) and the IGI ($175), totaling $350. If you already hold a flight or ground instructor certificate, the FOI is waived. Retakes cost $175 each after receiving additional instruction and an endorsement from an authorized instructor.

Does the IGI certificate expire?

The certificate itself does not expire. However, per 14 CFR 61.217, you may not exercise IGI privileges unless you can show qualifying activity within the preceding 12 calendar months. Qualifying activities include giving ground or flight instruction, completing an approved flight instructor refresher course (FIRC), or receiving an endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying your knowledge is current. Knowledge test results remain valid 24 months.

Why do many instructors hold both AGI and IGI?

Holding AGI + IGI gives an instructor maximum ground-training authority: AGI covers all pilot certificates except the instrument rating, and IGI covers the instrument rating. Together they authorize ground instruction for every certificate and rating in 14 CFR Part 61. This is especially valuable for part-time instructors, Part 141 school employees, and anyone teaching both primary and instrument students. Each test requires only an additional $175 and focused study.