Professionalism and Ethics
Not publishedof exam
Code of ConductConfidentialityEDI On PostDe-escalation FirstPartner Coordination
Legal Studies
Not publishedof exam
Security Services ActLicence TypesCitizen's ArrestSelf-Defence TestTrespass Act LimitsUse of Force
Report Writing
Not publishedof exam
Objective FactsCore ElementsArrest ReportEvidence Continuity
Personal Safety
Not publishedof exam
Patrol AwarenessAccess ControlAlarm ResponseEmergency ServicesFire and First Aid
Quick Facts
- Exam
- BST Assessment (SCRT-1656)
- Body
- JIBC / BC Security Programs
- Items
- 75 questions
- Time
- 90 minutes
- Pass
- 70%
- Format
- Closed book, computer-based
- Attempts
- Max 2, within 6 months
- Theory
- 40-hour course before exam
- Licence age
- 19; 16 for 3 types
Code Of Conduct Core
Honest, impartial, sober, and non-violent
Honest: no false statementsImpartial: treat everyone equallySober: fit for dutyNon-violent: no unnecessary force
Code of Conduct Duties
- Honesty
- Act with integrity always
- Equality
- No discrimination, protected grounds
- Sobriety
- Not unfit for duty
- Language
- No profane or abusive words
- Force
- No unnecessary force used
- Confidentiality
- Info stays need-to-know only
- False statements
- Prohibited, even if negligent
- Cooperation
- Assist police when required
Professionalism Beyond The Code
- EDI on post
- Same rules, no assumptions
- Constitution Act s.35
- Aboriginal and treaty rights
- DRIPA
- BC's Indigenous rights statute
- De-escalation
- Try verbal options first
- Partner duty
- Coordinate actions, shared account
- Confidentiality breach
- Breaks privacy law and trust
Citizen's Arrest Triangle
See it, chase it, or own it
s.494(1)(a): finds committing its.494(1)(b): fresh pursuit cases.494(2): on your property
Citizen's Arrest vs Trespass Act
Citizen's Arrest (s.494)
- Any person can arrest
- Indictable or property offence
- Deliver to police forthwith
Trespass Act (s.6-s.7)
- Only police or conservation arrest
- Guard can demand a name
- Guard can direct someone to leave
Arrest power differs by statute
Citizen's Arrest Decision Picker
- Not personally seen committing it→No s.494(1)(a) arrest(Finds-committing test not met)
- Found committing an indictable offence→Arrest under s.494(1)(a)(Personal discovery required)
- In fresh pursuit, lawful authority→Arrest under s.494(1)(b)(Covers any criminal offence)
- Offence happened on your property→Arrest under s.494(2)(Now, or later if police can't)
- Person now under arrest→Deliver forthwith to police(s.494(3) mandatory duty)
- Trespasser only, no offence seen→Demand name, direct to leave(No Trespass Act arrest power)
- Force needed during the arrest→Only as much as necessary(s.25(1) standard applies)
Security Services Act Sections
- s.2
- Licence required to work
- s.3
- Apply: 19+, resident, English
- s.4
- Registrar can refuse licence
- s.5
- Sets the licence term
- s.9
- Report changes within 14 days
- s.25(4)
- No unauthorized lock-bypass tools
- s.26
- No firearms; armoured exception only
- s.52
- Source of regulation power
Self-Defence vs Defence of Property
Self-Defence (s.34)
- Protects a person
- Threat against self or other
- Reasonableness has several factors
Defence Of Property (s.35)
- Protects lawful possession
- Stops trespass or theft
- Same reasonable-belief structure
Same test, different protected interest
Which Security Licence Applies
- Standing guard, general patrol duty→Security guard licence(Item 12)
- Trainee guard, still supervised→Guard under supervision(Item 13, 90-day cap)
- Investigating matters for hire→Private investigator licence(Item 4)
- Servicing locks and keys→Locksmith licence(Item 2)
- Installing alarm systems→Alarm installer licence(Item 6)
- Only watching alarm signals→Alarm monitor licence(Item 8)
- Applicant is only 16→Only 3 licence types allowed(Items 3, 7, 8)
Security Services Regulation Sections
- s.11
- No cuffs, weapons, control items
- s.12
- SECURITY lettering; no badge, belt
- s.14
- Registrar's code of conduct
- s.15
- 16 licence types listed
- s.6(1)
- 3-year max licence term
- s.6(2)
- Guard-under-supervision caps at 90 days
- s.2(3)
- 16+ ok for 3 types
- s.16
- Fee scales with licence term
Security Guard vs Peace Officer
Security Guard
- Private-person arrest powers only
- No Trespass Act arrest power
- Delegated owner authority only
Peace Officer
- Broader statutory arrest power
- Can arrest for trespass too
- Sworn public authority
Guard has private powers only
16 Security Licence Types
- Security guard
- Guard duty, alarm response
- Guard under supervision
- Trainee guard, 90-day cap
- Private investigator
- Investigates for hire, own licence
- Locksmith
- Services locks, controls keys
- Alarm installer
- Installs and codes alarms
- Alarm monitor
- Watches alarm signals only
- Armoured car guard
- Transports property; firearm exception
- Body armour sales
- Sells body armour only
AST Route vs Exemption Route
AST Course Route
- JIBC Advanced Security Training
- Renewed every three years
Experience Exemption Route
- Police, corrections, or sheriff background
- Registrar-approved, skips the course
Two paths, one endorsement result
Citizen's Arrest and Self-Defence
- s.494(1)(a)
- Arrest, indictable offence, in-progress
- s.494(1)(b)
- Arrest via fresh pursuit
- s.494(2)
- Owner arrest on property
- s.494(3)
- Deliver arrestee to police
- s.494(4)
- Arrester authorized by law
- s.34
- 3-part self-defence test
- s.35
- Defence of property, reasonableness test
- s.25(1)
- Force limited to necessary
Trespass and Human Rights
- Trespass s.2
- Entering or refusing to leave
- Trespass s.6
- Demand name and address
- Trespass s.7
- Peace or conservation officer arrests
- Guide Dog Act
- Denying access is an offence
- Human Rights Code
- Accommodate to undue hardship
- Interpretation Act s.34
- Hybrid offence counts as indictable
Liability and Complaints
- Criminal liability
- Assault or unlawful confinement
- Civil liability
- Lawsuit for damages
- Licensing liability
- Registrar discipline action
- Public complaint
- Filed directly with Registrar
Report Writing 5W1H
Who, what, when, where, why, how
Who: the people involvedWhat: the actions observedWhen and where: time, placeHow: your own response
Objective vs Subjective Reporting
Objective
- Observable facts only
- Actions, words, exact times
- Verifiable and court-ready
Subjective
- Interpretation and labels added
- Words like aggressive or suspicious
- Weakens report credibility
Write facts, not conclusions
Report Writing Essentials
- Objective
- Observable facts: actions, times
- Subjective
- Interpretation or labels, avoid
- Core elements
- Who, what, when, where, how
- Sequence
- Clear time order of events
- Arrest report
- Legal basis and delivery time
- Evidence continuity
- Track control of evidence
- Timeliness
- Write while memory is fresh
- Legal weight
- Used in hearings and court
BST Then AST Memory
BST gets you licensed; AST gets you restraining
BST: guard licence routeAST: restraint endorsement onlyAST cards renew in 3 years
BST vs AST Training
BST (SCRT-1651/1656)
- First licence training route
- No restraint authorization given
- 40-hour theory plus assessment
AST (Advanced Training)
- Restraint Endorsement training course
- Endorsement then permits handcuffs
- Renew every three years
BST licenses; AST adds restraints
Personal Safety Response Picker
- Alarm activated, cause unknown→Assess from a safe position(Don't enter alone)
- Police or EMS arrive→Support, hand off, don't interfere
- Fire breaks out nearby→Support evacuation to assembly point(Fight only small early fire)
- Injury needs first aid→Give only trained-level care(Call EMS promptly)
- Work feels genuinely unsafe→Use your right to refuse(WorkSafeBC protects you)
- Restraints or handcuffs needed→Not authorized under BST(Requires AST endorsement)
Patrol and Access Control
- Situational awareness
- Notice deviations from normal
- Patrol routes
- Vary route and timing
- Access control
- Verify credentials, check logs
- Risk assessment
- Assess safety before responding
- Alarm response
- Treat as in-progress incident
- Police handoff
- Support them, don't interfere
- Fire evacuation
- Go to the assembly point
- First aid scope
- Only trained-level care given
Safety and Work Rights
- Right to refuse
- Unsafe work, no reprisal
- Fatigue risk
- Slows judgment and reaction time
- Restraint use
- Needs AST, not BST alone
- Firearms
- Prohibited except armoured exception
- Prohibited equipment
- Pepper spray, batons, tasers
- Uniform rule
- No police look-alike gear
Common Traps
Arrest Power vs Trespass Power
Guard can arrest under s.494 ≠ Guard cannot arrest for trespass
BST vs AST Confusion
BST licenses guard work only ≠ AST adds the restraint endorsement
Certificate vs Statement Of Completion
No BST certificate issued now ≠ You get a training statement
Objective vs Subjective Report Wording
Facts are objective and verifiable ≠ Labels like aggressive are subjective
Reasonable Force vs Excessive Force
Necessary force is legally protected ≠ Unnecessary force breaks the Code
Licence Age 19 vs 16
Most licence types need age 19 ≠ Three types allow age 16
Indictable vs Summary Offence Trap
Hybrid offences still count indictable ≠ Summary-only offences don't qualify here
Last Minute
- 1.s.494(1)(a): indictable offence only
- 2.s.494(2): arrest on your property
- 3.s.7 Trespass: police or conservation only
- 4.Deliver arrestee to police forthwith
- 5.Pass 70%; time 90 minutes
- 6.Max 2 attempts within 6 months
- 7.BST licenses; AST adds restraints
- 8.No certificate now; get a statement
- 9.Licence age: 19, sometimes 16
- 10.Guard-under-supervision caps at 90 days
- 11.Objective report: facts, not labels
- 12.Write reports fast, while memory's fresh
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