4.1 Procedural Words and Phrases

Key Takeaways

  • RIC-21 §5.5 forbids slang such as OK, REPEAT, TEN-FOUR, OVER AND OUT, BREAKER BREAKER, and COME IN PLEASE—use Appendix B words only
  • OVER means “I expect a response”; OUT means “conversation ended, no response expected”—never use OVER and OUT together
  • ROGER acknowledges receipt only; WILCO means received, understood, and will be complied with (do not stack ROGER + WILCO)
  • SAY AGAIN asks the other station to repeat; I SAY AGAIN means you are repeating your own words for clarity or emphasis
  • MAYDAY / MAYDAY RELAY, PAN PAN, and SEELONCE / SEELONCE MAYDAY / SEELONCE FEENEE are reserved emergency/silence terms with precise meanings
Last updated: August 2026

4.1 Procedural Words and Phrases

Quick Answer: RIC-21 §5.5 requires standard radiotelephone phraseology. Do not use slang such as OK, REPEAT, TEN-FOUR, OVER AND OUT, BREAKER BREAKER, or COME IN PLEASE. Learn the official meanings in Appendix B, especially the pairs OVER/OUT, ROGER/WILCO, and SAY AGAIN/I SAY AGAIN.

Clear procedure words are the shared vocabulary of Canadian aeronautical VHF. Examiners test whether you know the exact meaning of each word and which everyday CB/telephone habits are banned. This section is the map of Appendix B; later chapters show the words inside full call formats, distress, and urgency procedures.

Why §5.5 bans slang

RIC-21 states that while it is not practical to set down precise phraseology for every situation, slang expressions should not be used. The circular lists classic failures:

Banned slangWhy it fails
OKAmbiguous; not an official acknowledgment word
REPEATAmbiguous—repeat what you said, or ask me to repeat? Official request is SAY AGAIN
TEN-FOURCB slang; not Appendix B
OVER AND OUTSelf-contradictory—see OVER vs OUT below
BREAKER BREAKERCB channel-entry slang; not aeronautical
COME IN PLEASENon-standard invitation; use proper call format and GO AHEAD / OVER as appropriate

If a transmission feels “chatty,” rewrite it with Appendix B words before you press PTT. Superfluous or non-standard chatter also collides with the regulations chapter (no superfluous communications).

Full Appendix B study table (RIC-21)

Memorize word → meaning. Prefer the circular’s wording on exam day.

Word or phraseMeaning (RIC-21 Appendix B)
ACKNOWLEDGELet me know that you have received and understood this message
AFFIRMYes
BREAKSeparation between portions of the message (when text and other parts are not clearly distinct)
CLEAREDAuthorized to proceed under the conditions specified
CONFIRMHave I received the following …? / Did you receive the message?
CORRECTIONAn error has been made; the correct version is …
DISREGARDConsider this transmission as not sent
GO AHEADProceed with your message
HOW DO YOU READ?What is the readability of my transmission?
I SAY AGAINI repeat for clarity or emphasis
MAYDAYI am in distress (international radiotelephony distress signal; preferably three times)
MAYDAY RELAYSpoken distress relay signal
MONITORListen (on frequency)
NEGATIVENo, or that is not correct, or I do not agree
OUTConversation is ended and no response is expected
OVERMy transmission is ended and I expect a response from you
PAN PANInternational urgency signal (preferably three times); safety concern that does not require immediate assistance
READ BACKRepeat all, or the specified part, of this message back to me exactly as received
ROGERI have received all of your last transmission
ROGER NUMBERI have received your message Number _____
SAY AGAINRequest a repetition of the last transmission
STANDBYI must pause; please wait and I will call you
SEELONCESilence has been imposed on the frequency due to a distress situation
SEELONCE FEENEEThe distress situation has ended (normal working may resume after proper cancellation procedure)
SEELONCE MAYDAYDistress in progress; silence command from the station in control of distress traffic
WILCOYour instructions received, understood, and will be complied with
WORDS TWICE(a) Request: send each word/group twice; (b) Information: I will send each word/group twice

Group the list by job (memory aid)

Job on frequencyWords
Yes / noAFFIRM, NEGATIVE
Receipt vs complianceROGER, ROGER NUMBER, WILCO, ACKNOWLEDGE, READ BACK
Turn-takingOVER, OUT, GO AHEAD, STANDBY, BREAK
Fixing contentCORRECTION, DISREGARD, CONFIRM, SAY AGAIN, I SAY AGAIN, WORDS TWICE
Clearance / listenCLEARED, MONITOR
Emergency / silenceMAYDAY, MAYDAY RELAY, PAN PAN, SEELONCE, SEELONCE MAYDAY, SEELONCE FEENEE
ReadabilityHOW DO YOU READ?

High-yield pairs the exam loves

OVER versus OUT (never together)

WordMeaningUse when
OVERMy transmission is ended and I expect a responseYou asked a question, delivered a report that needs a reply, or completed a call-up inviting the other station to speak
OUTConversation is ended and no response is expectedYou are finished; the other station should not answer

OVER AND OUT is banned slang because the two words cancel each other: you cannot both invite a reply and declare that no reply is expected. Use one or the other, never both.

Operational feel:

  • End of a call-up or message that needs a reply → OVER
  • Final acknowledgment that closes the exchange → often OUT (or a short ROGER closing pattern as taught in calling procedures)

ROGER versus WILCO

WordMeaningDoes it promise action?
ROGERI have received all of your last transmissionNo—receipt only
WILCOInstructions received, understood, and will be complied withYes—compliance

Exam traps:

  • ROGER is not “yes” (that is AFFIRM) and is not “I will do it.”
  • WILCO already includes understanding and compliance; stacking ROGER WILCO is unnecessary and non-standard.
  • If ATC says READ BACK, do not answer with bare ROGER—read back the specified items.

SAY AGAIN versus I SAY AGAIN

PhraseWho is repeating?Purpose
SAY AGAINYou ask the other station to repeatYou missed all or part of their transmission
I SAY AGAINYou repeat your own wordsClarity or emphasis

Related tools:

  • CORRECTION — you made an error; last correct word/phrase, then the fixed text.
  • DISREGARD — treat the transmission as not sent.
  • WORDS TWICE — poor channel; send (or request) doubled words/groups.
  • Partial repeats (taught in §5.7.3): SAY AGAIN ALL BEFORE … / … TO … / ALL AFTER …

Distress, urgency, and silence words (preview)

You will drill full formats in the emergency chapters. For Appendix B now:

  • MAYDAY — grave/imminent danger; immediate assistance (preferably three times).
  • MAYDAY RELAY — you are relaying another station’s distress.
  • PAN PAN — urgency concerning safety, not requiring immediate assistance (preferably three times).
  • SEELONCE / SEELONCE MAYDAY / SEELONCE FEENEE — silence imposed / distress in progress under control station / distress ended. Pronounce the French-origin forms as trained (not English “silence” slang).

Do not invent “EMERGENCY” as a substitute distress signal on the exam.

Everyday operational words

SituationPrefer
Invite the other station to send their trafficGO AHEAD
You need a short pauseSTANDBY (optionally with minutes of delay, per reply procedures)
Ask if the copy was correct / whether they got itCONFIRM
Require exact copy backREAD BACK
Authorize under conditionsCLEARED
Tell them to listen on a frequencyMONITOR
Split two message parts that would blur togetherBREAK
Check signal qualityHOW DO YOU READ? (with readability scale 1–5 in §5.7.5)
Numbered messagesROGER NUMBER (fill in the message number)

Mini scenarios (map slang → standard)

Bad / slang habitStandard alternative
“OK, got it”ROGER (receipt) or WILCO (will comply) or AFFIRM (yes)
“Repeat that”SAY AGAIN (or partial SAY AGAIN form)
“Ten-four”ROGER / WILCO as appropriate
“Over and out”OVER or OUT, not both
“Come in please”Proper call: station called, THIS IS, your call sign, frequency if required, OVER
“Breaker breaker”Never—use standard call-up

Exam checklist

  1. Can I list at least five banned slang items from §5.5?
  2. Can I define every Appendix B word without mixing pairs?
  3. Do I never combine OVER with OUT?
  4. Do I treat ROGER as receipt-only and WILCO as compliance?
  5. Do I know who repeats when I hear SAY AGAIN vs I SAY AGAIN?

Official source

RIC-21 Issue 3 (February 2010), section 5.5 Procedural Words and Phrases and Appendix B – Procedural Words and Phrases, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED; formerly Industry Canada). Use the current RIC-21 text on the ISED website if the circular is revised.

Test Your Knowledge

According to RIC-21 §5.5, which expression should NOT be used on the aeronautical radiotelephone?

A
B
C
D
Test Your Knowledge

What does the procedural word OVER mean in RIC-21 Appendix B?

A
B
C
D
Test Your Knowledge

How does WILCO differ from ROGER under RIC-21 Appendix B?

A
B
C
D