Free Practice Questions for THPT Physics

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Key Facts: THPT Physics Exam

The THPT Physics paper has 28 selected-response questions (40 command items) completed in 50 minutes under the 2025 format (Bộ GD-ĐT).

Part I has 18 four-option multiple-choice questions, Part II has 4 true/false questions of 4 statements each, and Part III has 6 short numeric-answer questions.

Physics is scored out of 10, with the 2025 reform setting cognitive levels of Know/Understand/Apply at about 40%/30%/30% (HOCMAI analysis).

Content follows the 2018 General Education Program, drawn mainly from Grade 12 with a small portion from Grade 11 (Bộ GD-ĐT).

The graduation exam is state-funded and free for enrolled candidates, who register via their school and provincial Department of Education and Training.

For graduation a candidate must score above 1.0 in every subject (điểm liệt) and reach a graduation score of at least 5.0 (Circular 24/2024/TT-BGDĐT).

From 2025 the exam contributes 50% and the three-year school GPA 50% to the graduation score, and candidates take only four subjects.

In 2025 nearly 350,000 candidates registered for Physics, one of nine elective subjects in the THPT graduation examination (VnExpress).

A 50-minute, 28-question selected-response Physics elective in three parts (18 MCQ, 4 true/false, 6 short-answer), scored out of 10, taken under Vietnam's 2025-reformed THPT graduation examination.

Sample THPT Physics Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the THPT Physics exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In the SI system used on the THPT Physics exam, what is the unit of internal energy (nội năng) of a thermodynamic system?

A.Watt (W)

B.Pascal (Pa)

C.Kelvin (K)

D.Joule (J)

Explanation: Internal energy is a form of energy, equal to the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the molecules in the system, so it is measured in joules (J) like any other energy.

2According to the first law of thermodynamics as written in the Grade 12 curriculum, ΔU = A + Q, what does A represent when a gas is compressed by an external force?

A.The work done on the gas by the external force, taken as positive

B.The heat radiated by the gas, taken as negative

C.The change in temperature of the gas

D.The pressure exerted on the gas

Explanation: In the convention ΔU = A + Q used by the Vietnamese curriculum, A is the work exchanged. When the gas is compressed, external work is done ON the gas, so A > 0 and the internal energy tends to increase.

3A body is at 27 °C. Using the relation T(K) = t(°C) + 273 given on the exam, what is its absolute temperature?

A.246 K

B.300 K

C.27 K

D.327 K

Explanation: Adding 273 to the Celsius value gives 27 + 273 = 300 K. This conversion is printed at the top of every THPT Physics paper because gas-law problems require absolute temperature.

4The specific heat capacity of water is about 4200 J/(kg·K). How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 2.0 kg of water from 20 °C to 70 °C?

A.42 000 J

B.210 000 J

C.420 000 J

D.840 000 J

Explanation: Use Q = mcΔT = 2.0 × 4200 × (70 − 20) = 2.0 × 4200 × 50 = 420 000 J. The temperature difference is the same in kelvin and in degrees Celsius.

5Specific latent heat of fusion (nhiệt nóng chảy riêng) λ of a substance is defined as the heat needed to:

A.Raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 K

B.Completely vaporise 1 kg of the substance at its boiling point

C.Melt the substance and then heat it by 1 K

D.Completely melt 1 kg of the substance at its melting point

Explanation: λ is the heat required to convert exactly 1 kg of the substance from solid to liquid entirely, at the melting temperature, with no temperature change. The corresponding heat for a mass m is Q = λm.

6The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is about 2.3 × 10^6 J/kg. How much heat must be supplied to fully vaporise 0.50 kg of water already at 100 °C?

A.1.15 × 10^6 J

B.4.6 × 10^6 J

C.2.3 × 10^6 J

D.1.15 × 10^5 J

Explanation: Use Q = Lm = 2.3 × 10^6 × 0.50 = 1.15 × 10^6 J. Because the water is already at the boiling point, all the supplied heat goes into the phase change.

7According to the molecular-kinetic model of matter (mô hình động học phân tử) taught in Grade 12, which statement about the molecules of an ideal gas is correct?

A.They are at rest and only vibrate slightly about fixed positions

B.They move randomly in all directions and collide elastically with one another and the walls

C.They are arranged in a regular ordered lattice

D.They attract each other strongly so the gas keeps a fixed shape

Explanation: In a gas the molecules are far apart, move chaotically in every direction at high speed, and undergo elastic collisions; their bombardment of the container walls produces the gas pressure.

8When ice at 0 °C melts into water at 0 °C, what happens to its internal energy and its temperature?

A.Both internal energy and temperature increase

B.Internal energy stays constant while temperature increases

C.Internal energy increases while temperature stays constant

D.Both internal energy and temperature decrease

Explanation: Melting absorbs latent heat that increases the potential energy of the molecules (breaking the rigid solid structure), so the internal energy rises, but the temperature is unchanged during the phase transition.

9An aluminium block of mass 0.30 kg with specific heat capacity 880 J/(kg·K) cools from 80 °C to 30 °C. How much heat does it release?

A.26 400 J

B.7 920 J

C.1 320 J

D.13 200 J

Explanation: Use Q = mcΔT = 0.30 × 880 × (80 − 30) = 0.30 × 880 × 50 = 13 200 J. The block releases this amount of heat as it cools.

10A gas does 200 J of work on its surroundings while absorbing 500 J of heat. Using ΔU = A + Q with A as the work received by the gas, what is the change in internal energy?

A.+300 J

B.+700 J

C.−300 J

D.−700 J

Explanation: The gas does work on the surroundings, so the work received by the gas is A = −200 J. Then ΔU = A + Q = −200 + 500 = +300 J, so the internal energy increases.

About the THPT Physics Exam

Vật lí is one of the elective subjects of Vietnam's High School Graduation Examination (Kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT). Following the 2025 reform under Decision 4068/QĐ-BGDĐT and the 2018 General Education Program, the exam was cut from six to four subjects and Physics became a standalone 28-question, 50-minute paper instead of a 40-question component of the combined Natural Sciences block. The paper is fully selected-response across three parts: 18 four-option multiple-choice questions, 4 true/false questions with four statements each, and 6 short numeric-answer questions, totalling 40 command items scored out of 10. Content follows the 2018 curriculum, drawn mainly from Grade 12 (thermal physics, magnetic field and electromagnetic induction, alternating current and nuclear physics) with a small portion from Grade 11, and the 2025 reform emphasises real-life and experimental contexts at Know/Understand/Apply levels of about 40/30/30. Results are used both to confirm upper-secondary graduation and as data for university and college admissions.

Exam sponsor: Ministry of Education and Training (Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo, MOET), administered nationwide with provincial Departments of Education and Training. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Questions

100 questions

Time Limit

50 minutes (standalone elective paper)

Passing Score

Scored out of 10; no fixed single-subject pass mark. For graduation, every subject must exceed 1.0 (điểm liệt) and the graduation score (ĐXTN) must be at least 5.0, with the exam weighted 50% and the three-year GPA 50%.

Exam / Certification Fees

Free: the THPT graduation examination is state-funded; candidates register through their school and provincial Department of Education and Training at no exam charge.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Ministry of Education and Training (Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo, MOET), administered nationwide with provincial Departments of Education and Training: official exam information

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

22%

Thermal Physics

Internal energy, first law of thermodynamics, temperature scales, specific heat capacity, latent heat of fusion and vaporisation, molecular-kinetic model and changes of state.

15%

Ideal Gas

Boyle, Charles and Gay-Lussac laws, the general gas law and equation of state pV = nRT, moles and Avogadro's number, and pressure from kinetic theory.

13%

Magnetic Field and Electromagnetic Induction

Magnetic flux density, force on a conductor, magnetic flux, Faraday's and Lenz's laws, induced EMF and charged-particle motion in a field.

12%

Alternating Current

AC generation, peak and RMS values, frequency and period, resistive circuits and power, transformers and high-voltage power transmission.

25%

Nuclear Physics

Nucleus structure and isotopes, mass defect and binding energy (E = mc²), radioactivity and half-life, alpha/beta/gamma radiation, fission, fusion and radiation safety.

13%

Grade 11 Carryover and Exam Format

A small portion of Grade 11 mechanics, oscillations, waves and basic electricity, plus the 2025 exam structure, scoring rules and supplied constants.

Preparing for the THPT Physics Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: Scored out of 10; no fixed single-subject pass mark. For graduation, every subject must exceed 1.0 (điểm liệt) and the graduation score (ĐXTN) must be at least 5.0, with the exam weighted 50% and the three-year GPA 50%.
Exam length: 100 questions
Time limit: 50 minutes (standalone elective paper)
Exam / certification fees: Free: the THPT graduation examination is state-funded; candidates register through their school and provincial Department of Education and Training at no exam charge. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

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THPT Physics: Suggested Study Strategy

1Memorise the supplied constants and conversions (π = 3.14, T(K) = t(°C) + 273, R = 8.31 J/(mol·K), N_A = 6.02 × 10^23 per mol) so you can apply gas-law and energy formulas without hesitation.

2Drill the thermal-physics formulas Q = mcΔT, Q = λm and Q = Lm, and be clear when each applies versus the first law ΔU = A + Q.

3Practise the gas laws as a set: Boyle (pV constant), Charles (V/T constant), Gay-Lussac (p/T constant) and the combined p1V1/T1 = p2V2/T2, always converting temperatures to kelvin first.

4Master half-life problems by counting how many half-lives have elapsed and applying N = N₀(1/2)^(t/T); know the alpha, beta and gamma decay rules for Z and A.

5Learn the transformer relations U2/U1 = N2/N1 and power conservation U1I1 = U2I2, and the reason high-voltage transmission reduces I²R losses.

6Get fast at the new Part II true/false items: each statement is judged independently, so check all four and remember the partial-credit scoring (0.1 / 0.25 / 0.5 / 1.0).

7Time yourself at roughly 50 minutes for 28 questions, leaving Part III short-answer numerics until you have secured the quick Part I marks.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on the THPT Physics exam and how long is it?

Since 2025 the Physics paper has 28 selected-response questions (40 command items) done in 50 minutes: Part I has 18 four-option multiple-choice questions, Part II has 4 true/false questions of 4 statements each, and Part III has 6 short numeric-answer questions.

How is the THPT Physics exam scored?

The paper is scored out of 10. Each Part I MCQ is worth 0.25 point; each Part III short-answer item is worth 0.25 point; and each Part II true/false question awards 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 point for getting 1, 2, 3 or all 4 statements correct.

Is there a fee to sit the THPT Physics exam?

No. The High School Graduation Examination is state-funded and free for enrolled students, who register through their school and provincial Department of Education and Training (Sở GD-ĐT). There is no separate exam fee for the graduation paper.

What counts as passing the exam?

There is no fixed single-subject pass mark. To be recognised as graduating, a candidate must score above 1.0 (điểm liệt) in every subject and reach a graduation score (ĐXTN) of at least 5.0, where the exam results contribute 50% and the three-year school GPA contributes 50%.

What topics does the Physics exam cover?

It follows the 2018 curriculum, mostly Grade 12: thermal physics (internal energy, heat, latent heat), ideal gas laws, magnetic field and electromagnetic induction, alternating current and transformers, and nuclear physics (binding energy, radioactivity, fission and fusion), plus a small portion of Grade 11 content.

What changed with the 2025 reform?

Under Decision 4068/QĐ-BGDĐT and the 2018 program, the exam was cut from six to four subjects, and Physics became a standalone 28-question, 50-minute elective paper with a new three-part format (MCQ, true/false and short answer) instead of a 40-question part of the combined Natural Sciences block.

Will there be a 2026 sample paper from the Ministry?

MOET announced it will not release a new illustrative paper for 2026; it advises students to use the 2025 illustrative and official papers as reference, since the 2026 structure, format and cognitive-level ratios stay the same as 2025.

Free Practice Questions for THPT Physics

Vietnam THPT Exam - Physics