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100+ Free HI Biology I EOC Practice Questions

Prepare for the Hawaiʻi End-of-Course Exam — Biology I exam with instant access — no signup required.

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Key Facts: HI Biology I EOC Exam

Required

Biology I EOC required for enrolled students (ESSA science)

HIDOE Other Assessments

NGSS

Aligned to Next Generation Science Standards

HIDOE

~50

Approximate EOC item count

HIDOE Other Assessments

400–600

Science scale score range

HIDOE Science Interpretation Guide

500+

Proficient threshold

HIDOE Science Interpretation Guide

Free

School-administered statewide assessment

HIDOE

Hawaiʻi Biology I EOC is HIDOE’s required free online high school science EOC (~50 items, untimed), NGSS-aligned, scale 400–600 with proficient at 500+.

Sample HI Biology I EOC Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your HI Biology I EOC exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production through aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?
A.Mitochondrion
B.Chloroplast
C.Ribosome
D.Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Mitochondria carry out the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation on the inner membrane, generating most of a cell's ATP under aerobic conditions. That is why they are often called the cell's powerhouses.
2Which statement is part of modern cell theory?
A.All cells contain chloroplasts.
B.All living things are composed of one or more cells.
C.All cells have a nucleus.
D.All cells are the same size.
Explanation: Cell theory states that all living organisms are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and new cells arise from preexisting cells. Chloroplasts and nuclei are not universal features of all cells.
3Which molecule stores genetic information in most cells?
A.Glucose
B.ATP
C.DNA
D.Phospholipid
Explanation: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores hereditary information in the sequence of its nucleotide bases. RNA also carries genetic information in some viruses, but cellular genomes are DNA-based.
4What is the primary function of ribosomes?
A.Digest worn-out organelles
B.Package lipids for secretion
C.Store water and ions
D.Synthesize proteins
Explanation: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides. They may be free in the cytosol or bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
5Which process converts light energy into chemical energy stored in sugars?
A.Photosynthesis
B.Cellular respiration
C.Fermentation
D.Active transport
Explanation: Photosynthesis in chloroplasts captures light energy and uses it to fix CO2 into organic molecules (sugars). Cellular respiration and fermentation release energy from organic molecules.
6A phospholipid bilayer forms the basic structure of which cellular component?
A.Cell wall of bacteria only
B.Plasma membrane
C.Chromosome
D.Cytoskeleton
Explanation: Plasma membranes are phospholipid bilayers with embedded proteins. The hydrophobic tails face inward and hydrophilic heads face aqueous environments on both sides.
7Which macromolecule class includes enzymes that catalyze most cellular reactions?
A.Carbohydrates
B.Nucleic acids
C.Proteins
D.Lipids
Explanation: Most enzymes are proteins whose folded shapes create active sites that lower activation energy for specific reactions. A few catalytic RNAs exist, but proteins dominate cellular catalysis.
8In which organelle does photosynthesis primarily occur in plant cells?
A.Mitochondrion
B.Nucleus
C.Lysosome
D.Chloroplast
Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and the thylakoid membranes where light-dependent reactions occur, plus the stroma for the Calvin cycle.
9Which statement best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
A.Photosynthesis stores energy in sugars; cellular respiration releases energy from sugars as ATP.
B.Both only occur in plant cells and produce identical products.
C.Cellular respiration produces oxygen that photosynthesis consumes exclusively in roots.
D.Photosynthesis occurs only at night and respiration only in daylight.
Explanation: Photosynthesis builds glucose (and other organics) using light energy, CO2, and water, releasing O2. Cellular respiration oxidizes organic molecules, consuming O2 in aerobic organisms and releasing CO2 and ATP. The two processes cycle matter and energy but reverse the overall chemical direction.
10A student observes that plant cells placed in pure water swell, while animal red blood cells in pure water may burst. Which structure best explains why plant cells are less likely to burst?
A.Mitochondria
B.Cell wall
C.Ribosomes
D.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Plant cells have rigid cellulose cell walls that limit expansion when water enters by osmosis (turgor pressure). Animal cells lack walls and can lyse in hypotonic solutions.

About the HI Biology I EOC Exam

The Hawaiʻi Biology I End-of-Course Exam is the required statewide high school science assessment for students enrolled in Biology I under ESSA. It evaluates NGSS-based biology proficiency and is administered online near the end of the course. OpenExamPrep free practice uses English-language four-option MCQs as a study aid for NGSS biology knowledge and task decisions. It is not an official HIDOE form, not a full simulation of phenomena-based clusters or technology-enhanced tasks, and not a substitute for Biology I coursework or the secure EOC exam.

Assessment

Variable-length assessment

Time Limit

Untimed within the EOC window; typical completion around 90 minutes; pause/resume supported.

Passing Score

Scale 400–600; proficient (Levels 3–4) at 500 or higher per HIDOE science reporting framework shared with HSA Science/Biology.

Exam Fee

Free to students and families; administered by Hawaiʻi public and public charter schools as part of the statewide assessment program (no separate family registration fee published). (Hawaiʻi State Department of Education (HIDOE); EOC/science assessment systems)

HI Biology I EOC Exam Content Outline

6 of 18 operational items (2 clusters + 4 stand-alone)

LS1: From Molecules to Organisms — Structure and Function

HS-LS1-1 through HS-LS1-7: DNA to protein, cell structure and specialization, feedback and homeostasis, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration.

6 of 18 operational items (2 clusters + 4 stand-alone)

LS2: Ecosystems — Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

HS-LS2-1 through HS-LS2-8 plus HS-ESS2-6 (carbon cycling through Earth's spheres) and HS-ESS3-3 (human impacts and sustainability).

6 of 18 operational items (2 clusters + 4 stand-alone)

LS3 and LS4: Heredity and Evolution

HS-LS3-1 to HS-LS3-3 and HS-LS4-1 to HS-LS4-6 plus HS-ESS2-7 (coevolution of Earth's systems and life): inheritance, variation, common ancestry, natural selection, and adaptation.

How to Pass the HI Biology I EOC Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Scale 400–600; proficient (Levels 3–4) at 500 or higher per HIDOE science reporting framework shared with HSA Science/Biology.
  • Assessment: Variable-length assessment
  • Time limit: Untimed within the EOC window; typical completion around 90 minutes; pause/resume supported.
  • Exam fee: Free to students and families; administered by Hawaiʻi public and public charter schools as part of the statewide assessment program (no separate family registration fee published).

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

HI Biology I EOC Study Tips from Top Performers

1Connect structure and function from molecules/cells up to ecosystems.
2Practice interpreting graphs of population growth, energy pyramids, and pedigree/data tables.
3Review DNA → traits pathways and natural selection with evidence-based explanations.
4Use claim–evidence–reasoning for phenomena, not only vocabulary matching.
5Take official EOC training items for tool familiarity before the window.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Biology I EOC required in Hawaiʻi?

Yes. HIDOE states only the Biology I exam is mandatory among the EOCs; it is required for students enrolled in Biology I as part of statewide science assessment under ESSA.

What standards does it assess?

Biology I EOC evaluates student proficiency based on the Next Generation Science Standards for high school life science.

What is a proficient score?

Science scale scores range 400–600. A scale score of 500 or higher (Achievement Levels 3–4) is considered proficient.

How long is the exam?

It is untimed within the testing window. Students may pause and resume; typical completion is about 90 minutes according to school guidance.

Are practice questions official?

No. OpenExamPrep provides English MCQ study adaptations only—not secure items or full cluster simulations.