Reading Prose and Poetry
25-35%of exam
Reading Informational Text
25-35%of exam
Across Genres and Vocabulary
35-50%of exam
Quick Facts
- Assessment
- FAST Grade 6 ELA
- Owner
- Florida Department of Education
- Delivery
- Computer adaptive
- Windows
- PM1, PM2, PM3
- Benchmarks
- 13 assessed
- PM1/PM2 Items
- 36-40 items
- PM3 Items
- 36-40 plus about 5 FT
- PM1/PM2 Session
- 90 minutes
- PM3 Session
- 120 minutes
- Level 3
- On Grade Level
Plot Chain
Action -> response -> decision -> consequence
Action: causeResponse: reactionDecision: changeConsequence: plot
Topic vs Theme
Topic
- One-word subject
- What text explores
- Courage
Theme
- Complete message
- Developed across text
- Courage requires action
Subject vs message
Literary Answer Picker
- Question asks plot effect→Trace action to consequence
- Question asks theme→Track message growth
- Asks narrator influence→Compare information access
- Viewpoint shifts→Name changed reader effect
- Asks poetic form→Link form to effect
- Need strongest evidence→Choose plot-changing detail
Literary Elements
- Interaction
- Character-to-character causeELA.6.R.1.1
- Response
- Changes next action
- Consequence
- Advances plot
- Conflict
- Pressures decisions
- Turning point
- Redirects events
Theme Build
Topic grows into message through outcomes
Topic: subjectPattern: repeated ideaOutcome: final meaning
Point of View vs Perspective
Point of view
- Narrator position
- First, second, third
- Controls information
Perspective
- Particular outlook
- Shaped by experience
- Colors interpretation
Voice position vs outlook
Theme
- Topic
- One-word subjectELA.6.R.1.2
- Theme
- Complete author message
- Stated
- Directly expressed
- Implied
- Inferred across evidence
- Development
- Choices plus consequences
Sonnet vs Villanelle
Sonnet
- Fourteen lines
- Structured form
- Often includes volta
Villanelle
- Nineteen lines
- Two repeating refrains
- Refrains meet finally
Turn vs refrain pattern
Narrators and Viewpoint
- Point of view
- Narrator's grammatical positionELA.6.R.1.3
- Perspective
- Narrator's outlook
- Multiple narrators
- Competing information
- Viewpoint shift
- Changes reader access
- Influence
- Alters suspense or judgment
Poetic Forms
- Sonnet
- Fourteen-line structured poemELA.6.R.1.4
- Villanelle
- Nineteen lines; repeating refrains
- Volta
- Sonnet's idea shift
- Refrain
- Villanelle's returning line
- Impact
- Form shapes meaning and style
Argument Chain
Claim <- reasoning <- evidence
Claim: positionEvidence: supportReasoning: bridge
Central Idea vs Theme
Central idea
- Informational main point
- Developed by support
- Can be explicit
Theme
- Literary message
- Developed by events
- Can be stated
Main point vs message
Informational Answer Picker
- Asks section meaning→State contribution to whole
- Asks central idea→Unite repeated supports
- Compares account purposes→Compare selection and framing
- Tracks argument→Map claim-evidence-reasoning
- Asks reasoning type→Match reasoning direction
- Reasoning seems broken→Locate flawed link
Text Sections and Features
- Section
- Part's contributionELA.6.R.2.1
- Heading
- Previews organization
- Caption
- Explains nearby visual
- Chart
- Displays relationships
- Sidebar
- Adds related context
DIA Reasoning
Deduce, Induce, Abduce
D: general-specificI: specific-generalA: likely explanation
Purpose vs Perspective
Purpose
- Intended audience effect
- Why author writes
- Guides selection
Perspective
- Author's outlook
- How author views
- Guides framing
Goal vs viewpoint
Reasoning Type Picker
- General rule to case→Deductive
- Examples to broad claim→Inductive
- Pattern suggests explanation→Abductive
- Popularity proves claim→Ad populum(Fallacy)
- Attacks person→Ad hominem(Fallacy)
- Too few examples→Hasty generalization(Fallacy)
Central Idea
- Topic
- General subjectELA.6.R.2.2
- Central idea
- Text's main point
- Explicit
- Directly stated
- Implied
- Built from connected details
- Development
- Support grows or qualifies
Claim vs Evidence
Claim
- Position to accept
- Needs support
- Debatable statement
Evidence
- Supports position
- Facts or examples
- Needs reasoning
Position vs support
Purpose Across Accounts
- Purpose
- Author's intended effectELA.6.R.2.3
- Selection
- Chosen details reveal purpose
- Omission
- Missing details shape emphasis
- Framing
- Words guide interpretation
- Comparison
- Same event; different aims
Deductive vs Inductive
Deductive
- General to specific
- Premise plus fact
- Conclusion follows
Inductive
- Specific to general
- Observations form pattern
- Conclusion may overreach
Apply rule vs build rule
Argument and Reasoning
- Claim
- Position to acceptELA.6.R.2.4
- Evidence
- Support for claim
- Reasoning
- Connects evidence to claim
- Deductive
- General to specific
- Inductive
- Specific to general
- Abductive
- Pattern to likely explanation
- Fallacy
- Flawed reasoning
ELP Appeals
Ethos, Logos, Pathos: trust, think, feel
Ethos: credibilityLogos: logicPathos: emotion
Denotation vs Connotation
Denotation
- Dictionary meaning
- Literal sense
- Shared definition
Connotation
- Associated feeling
- Positive or negative
- Changes tone
Definition vs feeling
Cross-Genre Answer Picker
- Names figurative device→Interpret literal idea
- Asks tone effect→Name attitude change
- Compares time periods→Hold topic constant
- Asks rhetorical appeal→Choose trust target
- Known word parts→Combine root and affixes
- Meaning remains uncertain→Verify context and source
Figurative Language
- Simile
- Like-or-as comparisonELA.6.R.3.1
- Metaphor
- Direct comparison
- Personification
- Human traits assigned
- Hyperbole
- Intentional exaggeration
- Alliteration
- Repeated initial consonants
- Onomatopoeia
- Sound-imitating word
- Idiom
- Nonliteral fixed expression
- Effect
- Connect device to tone
Comparative Reading
- Shared focus
- Same or related topicELA.6.R.3.3
- Time periods
- Different historical contexts
- Emphasis
- Details each author foregrounds
- Fair comparison
- Hold comparison lens constant
- Evidence pair
- Support from both texts
Rhetorical Appeals
- Ethos
- Credibility or ethicsELA.6.R.3.4
- Logos
- Logic or reason
- Pathos
- Emotion
- Mixed appeals
- Find each detail's target
- Grade 6 task
- Identify; do not evaluate
Morphology
- Root
- Core meaningELA.6.V.1.2
- Affix
- Attached meaning unit
- Prefix
- Before root
- Suffix
- After root
- Final check
- Test combined meaning contextually
Context and Connotation
- Denotation
- Direct dictionary meaningELA.6.V.1.3
- Connotation
- Feeling or association
- Context clue
- Meaning relationship nearby
- Word relationships
- Synonyms, antonyms, categories
- Reference material
- Verifies exact sense
- Background knowledge
- Tests plausible meaning
Common Traps
Level 3 wording
On Grade Level ≠ Not universal pass mark
Progress-monitoring roles
PM1/PM2 informational ≠ PM3 summative accountability
PM3 field tests
About five extra items ≠ Field-tests do not score
Device vs analysis
Naming device ≠ Explaining meaning and tone
Theme vs topic
Theme is complete message ≠ Topic is subject
Purpose vs perspective
Purpose is goal ≠ Perspective is outlook
Evidence vs reasoning
Evidence supports ≠ Reasoning connects
Comparison vs summaries
Same lens across both ≠ Not two separate summaries
Context vs proximity
Clue shows relationship ≠ Nearby word may mislead
Last Minute
- 1.Verify all 13 benchmarks
- 2.Weights: 25-35 / 25-35 / 35-50
- 3.PM1/2 items: 36-40
- 4.PM1/2 session: 90 minutes
- 5.PM3 adds about five field-tests
- 6.PM3 session: 120 minutes
- 7.Level 3 means On Grade Level
- 8.Theme = complete message
- 9.Plot: action -> response -> consequence
- 10.Narrators: compare access and outlook
- 11.Sections: name each meaning job
- 12.Central idea: track supporting details
- 13.Arguments: claim -> evidence -> reasoning
- 14.Reasoning: deductive, inductive, abductive
- 15.Figurative: device -> meaning -> tone
- 16.Comparisons need evidence from both
- 17.Ethos credibility; logos logic; pathos emotion
- 18.Morphology: split, combine, context-check
- 19.Connotation carries feeling
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