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Free Practice Questions for Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine

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Sample Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 2-year-old child presents with lethargy, mottled cool extremities, a capillary refill time of 5 seconds, heart rate of 185 bpm, and blood pressure of 72/40 mmHg. Despite receiving 40 mL/kg of balanced crystalloids within the first 30 minutes, the patient remains hypotensive with weak peripheral pulses and cool extremities (cold septic shock). According to pediatric septic shock guidelines, which vasoactive infusion is the most appropriate first-line choice?
A.Epinephrine infusion
B.Dopamine infusion
C.Norepinephrine infusion
D.Phenylephrine infusion
Explanation: In pediatric septic shock, current guidelines (including Surviving Sepsis Campaign and PALS) recommend epinephrine as the first-line vasoactive agent for cold septic shock (characterized by poor perfusion, prolonged capillary refill, and myocardial dysfunction). Epinephrine provides potent beta-1 inotropic and chronotropic support along with dose-dependent alpha-adrenergic vascular tone.
2A 5-year-old boy collapses suddenly in the emergency department. The monitor displays pulseless ventricular tachycardia. High-quality CPR is initiated immediately, and a defibrillator is attached. What is the recommended initial defibrillation energy dose for this child?
A.0.5 to 1 J/kg
B.2 J/kg
C.4 J/kg
D.10 J/kg
Explanation: Per PALS (Pediatric Advanced Life Support) guidelines, the initial recommended shock dose for pediatric shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia) is 2 J/kg. Subsequent shocks should be delivered at 4 J/kg, with further shocks escalating up to 10 J/kg (or the adult maximum dose).
3An 8-year-old girl with severe status asthmaticus remains in marked respiratory distress despite 1 hour of continuous nebulized albuterol, three doses of nebulized ipratropium bromide, and IV methylprednisolone. Her SpO2 is 90% on high-flow face mask, and auscultation reveals diffuse severe expiratory wheezing with marked intercostal retractions. What is the most appropriate next adjunctive intravenous pharmacotherapy?
A.Intravenous aminophylline infusion
B.Subcutaneous epinephrine injection
C.Intravenous magnesium sulfate infusion
D.Intravenous furosemide bolus
Explanation: Intravenous magnesium sulfate (50 mg/kg, maximum 2 g, infused over 20 minutes) is the recommended first-line adjunctive intravenous therapy for children with severe status asthmaticus who fail to respond rapidly to inhaled beta-agonists and systemic corticosteroids. It acts as a smooth muscle relaxant by inhibiting calcium influx into airway smooth muscle cells.
4A 4-year-old intubated patient mechanically ventilated in the pediatric resuscitation bay suddenly develops acute desaturation (SpO2 74%), bradycardia (heart rate 55 bpm), hypotension (BP 58/32 mmHg), and absent breath sounds on the right hemithorax with tracheal deviation to the left. What is the immediate, life-saving next step?
A.Order a portable emergency stat chest radiograph
B.Extubate the patient and initiate bag-valve-mask ventilation
C.Administer an intravenous push of epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg
D.Perform immediate needle thoracostomy decompression on the right side
Explanation: This patient exhibits the classic clinical presentation of a tension pneumothorax leading to obstructive shock and impending arrest (DOPE mnemonic: Displacement, Obstruction, Pneumothorax, Equipment failure). Needle decompression (or emergent open finger thoracostomy) must be performed immediately without delaying for chest radiography.
5An 8-day-old male newborn presents with sudden lethargy, poor feeding, grayish pallor, tachypnea, and absent femoral pulses. His pre-ductal SpO2 is 94% on the right hand, while post-ductal SpO2 on the foot is 82%. Capillary refill is 6 seconds, and blood gas demonstrates severe metabolic acidosis with a pH of 7.10 and lactate of 8.2 mmol/L. What is the most critical initial pharmacologic therapy?
A.Continuous intravenous prostaglandin E1 infusion
B.Intravenous sodium bicarbonate 1 mEq/kg bolus
C.Intravenous furosemide 1 mg/kg bolus
D.High-dose intravenous hydrocortisone bolus
Explanation: This presentation is pathognomonic for a ductal-dependent systemic cardiac lesion (such as critical aortic coarctation, interrupted aortic arch, or hypoplastic left heart syndrome) decompensating upon functional closure of the ductus arteriosus. Immediate infusion of prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil, 0.05 to 0.1 mcg/kg/min) re-opens the ductus arteriosus to restore systemic perfusion.
6A 6-year-old child presents to the emergency department within 15 minutes of eating peanut brittle. She has generalized urticaria, facial angioedema, stridor, and persistent vomiting. Intramuscular epinephrine is administered into the anterolateral thigh. Ten minutes later, her stridor and respiratory effort worsen, and her blood pressure drops to 70/42 mmHg. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
A.Administer intravenous diphenhydramine 1 mg/kg
B.A second dose of intramuscular epinephrine in the thigh
C.Administer nebulized salbutamol 2.5 mg
D.Administer intravenous methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg
Explanation: If anaphylaxis is severe or refractory after the initial dose, pediatric resuscitation guidelines recommend repeating intramuscular epinephrine (0.01 mg/kg, 1:1,000, max 0.5 mg) every 5 to 15 minutes. Intramuscular epinephrine in the mid-anterolateral thigh achieves rapid therapeutic plasma concentrations far superior to subcutaneous or secondary antihistamine/steroid therapies.
7A 10-year-old girl with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes is undergoing treatment for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Three hours into IV fluid rehydration and insulin infusion, she complains of a severe headache, vomits twice, develops bradycardia (heart rate 52 bpm), and becomes unresponsive to verbal commands with unequal pupils. What is the most urgent intervention?
A.Perform urgent non-contrast head CT before initiating any medication
B.Administer intravenous sodium bicarbonate 2 mEq/kg push
C.Hypertonic 3% saline (3-5 mL/kg) or mannitol (0.5-1 g/kg) now
D.Increase intravenous insulin infusion rate to accelerate ketone clearance
Explanation: The development of headache, bradycardia, hypertension, pupillary asymmetry, and decreased consciousness during DKA therapy indicates cerebral edema, the leading cause of mortality in pediatric DKA. Osmotherapy with either hypertonic 3% saline (3-5 mL/kg over 10-15 minutes) or mannitol (0.5-1 g/kg over 20 minutes) must be administered immediately at the bedside without delaying for neuroimaging.
8A 3-year-old unimmunized child presents with high fever, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, and rapidly spreading purpuric skin lesions on the lower extremities. Vital signs reveal temperature 39.8°C, heart rate 175 bpm, BP 68/38 mmHg, and respiratory rate 44/min. Lumbar puncture is deferred due to hemodynamic instability and coagulopathy. Which empirical antibiotic and adjunctive therapy regimen should be initiated immediately?
A.Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate with oral acetaminophen
B.Intravenous ampicillin monotherapy with intravenous hydrocortisone
C.Intravenous vancomycin monotherapy with intravenous mannitol
D.Intravenous ceftriaxone, vancomycin and early dexamethasone
Explanation: In suspected acute bacterial meningitis with purpura fulminans / meningococcemia and septic shock, empirical broad-spectrum coverage with high-dose intravenous ceftriaxone (or cefotaxime) plus vancomycin must be started immediately. In confirmed or suspected Streptococcus pneumoniae or Hib meningitis, dexamethasone (0.15 mg/kg) administered prior to or concurrent with the first antibiotic dose reduces neurological sequelae and sensorineural hearing loss.
9A 6-year-old boy presents 10 days after ventricular septal defect repair with muffled heart sounds, marked jugular venous distension, narrow pulse pressure, and paradoxical pulse (fall of systolic BP > 12 mmHg on inspiration). Bedside echocardiography demonstrates a large circumferential pericardial effusion with right ventricular diastolic collapse. What is the definitive emergency management?
A.Immediate ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis
B.Aggressive diuresis with intravenous furosemide 2 mg/kg
C.Immediate endotracheal intubation with high positive end-expiratory pressure
D.Immediate intravenous beta-blocker administration
Explanation: This patient has acute cardiac tamponade characterized by Beck's triad, pulsus paradoxus, and right ventricular diastolic collapse on echocardiography. Emergent ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis (or subxiphoid surgical pericardial window) is the definitive life-saving intervention to restore cardiac filling and stroke volume.
10A 4-year-old child presents with generalized convulsive status epilepticus lasting 25 minutes. He has already received two appropriately dosed weight-based doses of intravenous lorazepam (0.1 mg/kg each) without cessation of seizure activity. What is the most appropriate next second-line intravenous anticonvulsant choice?
A.Intravenous propofol infusion bolus
B.Levetiracetam 60 mg/kg or fosphenytoin 20 mg PE/kg
C.Intravenous ketamine bolus (2 mg/kg)
D.Oral carbamazepine suspension via nasogastric tube
Explanation: According to evidence-based pediatric status epilepticus guidelines (including the ESETT trial), established status epilepticus refractory to benzodiazepines should be treated with a second-line intravenous non-sedating antiepileptic drug: levetiracetam (60 mg/kg, max 4500 mg), fosphenytoin (20 mg PE/kg, max 1500 mg PE), or sodium valproate (40 mg/kg, max 3000 mg).

About the Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine Exam

Independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep. Independent practice resource by OpenExamPrep for the Saudi Fellowship Final Written Examination in Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Covers life-threatening emergencies, medical emergencies, surgical emergencies, trauma, adolescent and gynecologic emergencies, psychosocial crises, procedures and procedural sedation, toxicology and environmental emergencies, and pre-hospital disaster management. Note: This question bank is an independent study aid for the final written examination and does not simulate the separate clinical OSCE / structured oral examination required for subspecialty certification. OpenExamPrep is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS).

Exam sponsor: Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

One paper of 80–120 single-best-answer MCQs. Up to 10% additional unscored items may be added. Duration is not stated in the written blueprint.

Time Limit

Not published by SCFHS

Passing Score

70% (lowered to minimum 65% if pass rate under 70%)

Exam / Certification Fees

Not published by SCFHS

Exam sponsor website

Reported exam pass rate: Not published by SCFHS. SCFHS publishes no candidate pass rate. The blueprint instead sets the passing score at 70% and, if fewer than 70% of candidates pass before final approval, lowers that score one mark at a time until a 70% pass rate is reached or the score reaches 65%, whichever comes first; it is never lowered below 65%. Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

20%

Medical Emergency

Pediatric organ-system emergencies including respiratory, cardiovascular, neurologic, infectious, and metabolic crises.

18%

Trauma Emergency

Pediatric blunt/penetrating trauma resuscitation, head and spinal injury, thoracic, abdominal, and musculoskeletal injuries.

15%

Life Threatening

Cardiopulmonary arrest, septic/cardiogenic/hypovolemic shock, acute airway compromise, and rapid stabilization.

15%

Surgical Emergency

Acute surgical abdomen, malrotation/volvulus, intussusception, acute scrotal emergencies, and necrotizing infections.

10%

Toxicology & Environment

Pediatric toxidromes, acute poisonings, antivenom therapies, submersion injuries, burns, and thermal dysregulation.

7%

Procedure & Sedation

Procedural sedation protocols, airway management, intraosseous access, thoracostomy, and regional anesthesia complications.

5%

Adolescent & Gynecology

Adolescent healthcare, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, abnormal uterine bleeding, and ovarian torsion.

5%

Psychosocial Emergency

Acute behavioral agitation, suicidal ideation, child maltreatment/physical abuse, and psychiatric emergencies.

5%

Pre-hospital, Disaster, Biohazard & EMS

Pediatric mass casualty triage (JumpSTART), hazmat decontamination, inter-facility transport, and biohazard isolation.

Preparing for the Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 70% (lowered to minimum 65% if pass rate under 70%)
  • Assessment: One paper of 80–120 single-best-answer MCQs. Up to 10% additional unscored items may be added. Duration is not stated in the written blueprint.
  • Time limit: Not published by SCFHS
  • Exam / certification fees: Not published by SCFHS Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine: Suggested Study Strategy

1Master resuscitation guidelines: pediatric advanced life support (PALS), neonatal resuscitation, and advanced trauma life support (ATLS) algorithms for pediatric shock and cardiac arrest.
2Review evidence-based clinical decision rules including PECARN for pediatric head trauma and intra-abdominal injury, Kocher criteria for septic arthritis, and Centor criteria.
3Focus on high-yield toxicologic ingestions, antidotes, toxidromes, and pediatric environmental emergencies (heat stroke, hypothermia, submersion, venomous bites).
4Understand procedural sedation pharmacokinetics, airway rescue strategies, and indications for pediatric procedural interventions like thoracostomy, pericardiocentesis, and intraosseous access.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the format of the Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine Final Written Examination?

One paper of 80–120 single-best-answer MCQs. Up to 10% additional unscored items may be added. Duration is not stated in the written blueprint.

What is the passing score for the Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine Final Written Examination?

The standard passing score is 70%. If the overall pass rate among candidates is below 70%, the passing mark is lowered one mark at a time to a minimum floor of 65%.

Does this question bank simulate the clinical OSCE component?

This bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation for the written examination. It does not simulate or replace the separate mandatory final clinical/practical assessment. Consult the specialty clinical blueprint for its station formats and any structured oral or OSCE components.

Who administers the Saudi Fellowship Pediatric Emergency Medicine certification?

The fellowship training and examination are administered by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS). OpenExamPrep is an independent educational platform and is not affiliated with or endorsed by SCFHS.