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Exam Review

Key Facts: ECOEMS IPN-UNAM Exam

128

Multiple-choice questions with four answer options on the official IPN-UNAM exam

Guía Educación Media Superior IPN-UNAM; UNAM Ejemplar 2026

3 hours

Maximum effective time allowed to complete the examination

SEP ECOEMS Convocatoria 2026; UNAM Ejemplar 2026

7.0

Minimum secondary school (secundaria) grade point average required for UNAM and IPN enrollment

SEP ECOEMS Convocatoria 2026, Base 8.3

10

Distinct subject areas evaluated across the secundaria curriculum and reasoning skills

Guía Educación Media Superior IPN-UNAM

32

Reasoning questions combining verbal (16) and mathematical (16) skills

Guía Educación Media Superior IPN-UNAM

The ECOEMS IPN-UNAM admission exam features 128 four-option multiple-choice questions across 10 subject areas in up to 3 hours; competitive placement in UNAM and IPN high schools is determined by descending score (aciertos) and a minimum 7.0 secundaria average.

Sample ECOEMS IPN-UNAM Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the ECOEMS IPN-UNAM exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In Spanish verbal reasoning, which word is the closest synonym for "efímero"?
A.Fugaz
B.Perpetuo
C.Sólido
D.Antiguo
Explanation: "Efímero" means lasting for a very short time, which is directly synonymous with "fugaz" (fleeting or brief). Both terms describe events, objects, or phenomena that vanish quickly. The other options describe enduring, physical, or historical characteristics.
2In Spanish verbal reasoning, which word is the closest synonym for "sagaz"?
A.Ingenuo
B.Astuto
C.Torpe
D.Lento
Explanation: "Sagaz" describes a person who has sharp judgment, mental agility, and the ability to perceive things quickly and accurately, which is the exact definition of "astuto" (shrewd, cunning, or perceptive). The remaining choices indicate a lack of wit, slowness, or naivety.
3In Spanish verbal reasoning, which word is the closest synonym for "prolijo" in the sense of descriptive detail?
A.Sucinto
B.Breve
C.Detallado
D.Superficial
Explanation: "Prolijo" refers to something executed with thorough, extensive, and meticulous attention to detail (detallado or minucioso), or excessively wordy when applied to discourse. Therefore, "detallado" correctly captures its primary meaning. The other choices denote brevity or lack of depth.
4In Spanish verbal reasoning, which word is the direct antonym of "adverso"?
A.Hostil
B.Favorable
C.Contrario
D.Desfavorable
Explanation: "Adverso" describes conditions that are unfavorable, harmful, or opposing success. Its direct antonym is "favorable", which signifies beneficial, auspicious, or advantageous circumstances. The other three choices are synonyms or near-synonyms of "adverso".
5In Spanish verbal reasoning, which word is the direct antonym of "altruista"?
A.Generoso
B.Solidario
C.Egoísta
D.Caritativo
Explanation: "Altruista" characterizes a person who selflessly promotes the well-being of others without seeking personal gain. Its direct conceptual opposite is "egoísta" (selfish), identifying someone motivated solely by self-interest. The remaining options are synonyms of "altruista".
6In Spanish verbal reasoning, which word is the direct antonym of "intransigente"?
A.Obstinado
B.Flexible
C.Inflexible
D.Severo
Explanation: "Intransigente" refers to someone who refuses to compromise, yield, or adapt their position under any circumstance. Its direct antonym is "flexible", describing a willingness to adapt, accommodate, and compromise. The other words describe unyielding or harsh attitudes.
7Complete the verbal analogy: Libro is to Biblioteca as Pintura is to:
A.Escultura
B.Museo
C.Lienzo
D.Caballete
Explanation: The relationship is object to the public institution where it is systematically preserved, curated, and exhibited. A "libro" (book) is curated and stored in a "biblioteca" (library), just as a "pintura" (painting) is preserved and exhibited in a "museo" (museum). "Lienzo" and "caballete" are artist tools, not institutions.
8Complete the verbal analogy: Termómetro is to Temperatura as Barómetro is to:
A.Humedad
B.Presión atmosférica
C.Velocidad del viento
D.Precipitación
Explanation: The relationship is measuring instrument to the specific physical property it measures. A "termómetro" measures "temperatura", while a "barómetro" specifically measures "presión atmosférica" (atmospheric pressure). Humidity is measured with a hygrometer, wind speed with an anemometer, and precipitation with a rain gauge.
9Complete the verbal analogy: Escultor is to Cincel as Pintor is to:
A.Cuadro
B.Pincel
C.Galería
D.Retrato
Explanation: The relationship is artist (creator) to their primary manual tool of expression. A sculptor uses a "cincel" (chisel) to carve stone or wood, while a painter uses a "pincel" (paintbrush) to apply pigment. "Cuadro" and "retrato" are end products, and "galería" is an exhibition space.
10Read the following statement: "El aprovechamiento de la energía solar y eólica en México ha demostrado ser una alternativa viable para reducir la dependencia de hidrocarburos y mitigar las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero." What is the central idea of this sentence?
A.Mexico should completely halt all oil extraction immediately.
B.Renewable solar and wind energies provide a viable path to reduce fossil fuel reliance and emissions in Mexico.
C.Hydrocarbon fuels are the only dependable energy source available for industrial growth.
D.Wind energy is significantly more cost-effective than solar energy across Mexican regions.
Explanation: The sentence explicitly highlights that utilizing solar and wind resources serves as an effective mechanism for curbing hydrocarbon dependence and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. It does not argue for an instant total shutdown of oil, nor does it compare wind directly against solar. This statement accurately synthesizes the author's primary assertion.

About the ECOEMS IPN-UNAM Exam

Independent ECOEMS IPN-UNAM practice by OpenExamPrep. The ECOEMS 'Mi derecho, mi lugar' process coordinates admission to public upper-secondary education in the Mexico City metropolitan area. While several subsystems admit without an examination, UNAM (Escuela Nacional Preparatoria and CCH) and IPN (CECyT and CET) assign places through a joint 128-question multiple-choice admission exam. Applicants answer 128 four-option items in up to 3 hours across verbal reasoning, mathematical reasoning, Spanish, mathematics, biology, physics, chemistry, history, geography, and civics and ethics. Official testing is in Spanish. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or simulation of the exam: Spanish language items keep their Spanish text where language usage is the tested skill.

Exam sponsor: SEP — Espacio de Coordinación de Educación Media Superior (ECOEMS), with UNAM (DGAE) and IPN. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

128 four-option multiple-choice questions across 10 subjects with a fixed number of questions per subject: Habilidad verbal (16), Habilidad matemática (16), Español (12), Matemáticas (12), Biología (12), Física (12), Química (12), Historia (12), Geografía (12), and Formación Cívica y Ética (12).

Time Limit

Up to 3 hours

Passing Score

No fixed pass mark: places at UNAM and IPN schools are assigned in descending order of aciertos (correct answers out of 128) until each school preference is filled, requiring a secundaria GPA of at least 7.0

Exam / Certification Fees

ECOEMS registration is free; the general 2026 convocatoria does not publish an IPN-UNAM exam amount, so consult the current exam instructions

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

12.5%

Habilidad verbal

16 questions: synonyms, antonyms, analogies, and reading comprehension of literary and expository texts

12.5%

Habilidad matemática

16 questions: numerical and figure sequences, spatial reasoning, and word problems

9.4%

Español

12 questions: functions of language, grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, and coherence

9.4%

Matemáticas

12 questions: arithmetic, rational numbers, basic algebra, linear equations, and plane geometry

9.4%

Biología

12 questions: cell biology, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, genetics, evolution, and ecosystems

9.4%

Física

12 questions: kinematics, Newton's laws, force, energy, heat, and basic electrical circuits

9.4%

Química

12 questions: states and properties of matter, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonds, and reactions

9.4%

Historia

12 questions: Universal history from the Enlightenment through the Cold War, and Mexican history from Mesoamerica through the 20th century

9.4%

Geografía

12 questions: maps, coordinates and time zones, tectonics and climate, population, economic spaces, and national sovereignty

9.4%

Formación Cívica y Ética

12 questions: ethics, moral decision-making, human rights, democratic citizenship, and Mexican legal foundations

Preparing for the ECOEMS IPN-UNAM Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: No fixed pass mark: places at UNAM and IPN schools are assigned in descending order of aciertos (correct answers out of 128) until each school preference is filled, requiring a secundaria GPA of at least 7.0
  • Assessment: 128 four-option multiple-choice questions across 10 subjects with a fixed number of questions per subject: Habilidad verbal (16), Habilidad matemática (16), Español (12), Matemáticas (12), Biología (12), Física (12), Química (12), Historia (12), Geografía (12), and Formación Cívica y Ética (12).
  • Time limit: Up to 3 hours
  • Exam / certification fees: ECOEMS registration is free; the general 2026 convocatoria does not publish an IPN-UNAM exam amount, so consult the current exam instructions Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

ECOEMS IPN-UNAM: Suggested Study Strategy

1Consult the official IPN-UNAM joint study guide to review the specific secundaria curriculum scope for all 10 subjects.
2Practice solving mathematics and science problems by hand, as calculators and electronic tools are prohibited during testing.
3Dedicate focused practice to verbal and mathematical reasoning, which together represent 32 questions (a quarter of the entire exam).
4Review Mexican history and geography alongside world topics, paying attention to Mesoamerican civilizations, the Independence and Revolution periods, and Mexican physical landscapes.
5Complete timed 128-question practice blocks to build stamina for the 3-hour test duration.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the ECOEMS upper-secondary admission process?

ECOEMS ('Mi derecho, mi lugar') is the coordinated framework organized by the SEP for assignment to public upper-secondary schools in the Mexico City metropolitan area, succeeding COMIPEMS in 2025. While institutions like COLBACH, CONALEP, and DGB admit without an exam, UNAM and IPN assign places through a joint 128-question competitive admission exam.

How many questions are on the IPN-UNAM ECOEMS exam and how long is it?

The examination consists of 128 multiple-choice questions with four answer options. Candidates have up to 3 hours of effective time. Calculators, phones and other electronic devices are prohibited; the 2026 guide allowed only two blank sheets, a pencil, an eraser and a sharpener.

How are places assigned to UNAM and IPN schools?

Places are allocated strictly in descending order of aciertos (correct answers out of 128) based on each applicant's ranked preference list and school capacity. To be eligible for assignment at UNAM or IPN, applicants must also have completed secondary school (secundaria) with a minimum overall grade point average of 7.0.

Is the ECOEMS admission exam online or in person?

In June 2026 the examination was taken online on the applicant's own computer with webcam and microphone monitoring. On 4 September 2026 UNAM announced that, until secure online conditions are fully guaranteed, its entrance examinations will be held in person on preloaded electronic devices at designated venues. Candidates should consult the next official convocatoria for the 2027 modality.

Which subjects are covered on the exam?

The 128 questions are distributed among 10 subjects with fixed counts: Habilidad verbal (16), Habilidad matemática (16), Español (12), Matemáticas (12), Biología (12), Física (12), Química (12), Historia (12), Geografía (12), and Formación Cívica y Ética (12). The official IPN-UNAM guide notes that the order of subjects can vary, but not the number of questions per subject.

Why is this practice question bank in English when the official exam is in Spanish?

The official examination is administered entirely in Spanish. OpenExamPrep provides this bank as an English-language MCQ study adaptation for learners and international candidates. It is not an official translation or an exact simulation; items testing Spanish grammar, orthography, and reading comprehension retain Spanish sentences so the tested linguistic skill remains intact.