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Key Facts: Class 1 Drone (一等) Exam
70 questions / 75 min
Knowledge Test Format
ClassNK / MLIT
~90%
Pass Standard
ua-remote-pilot-exam.com
JPY 9,900
Knowledge Test Fee
ClassNK
100 g
Registration Threshold
Civil Aeronautics Act (2022)
Level 4 / Category III
Flights Enabled
MLIT
4th edition (Apr 2025)
Official Textbook
MLIT Guidelines
2 years
Knowledge-Test Pass Validity
ClassNK / MLIT
The Class 1 Remote Pilot knowledge test is Japan's first-class national drone exam, taken by pilots seeking Level 4 (Category III) authorisation for BVLOS flight over people. It is a CBT three-choice test of 70 questions in 75 minutes, with a pass standard of about 90% (roughly 63 correct), fee JPY 9,900, administered by ClassNK for MLIT/JCAB. Content follows MLIT's 4th-edition guidelines (effective 17 April 2025): regulations and airspace (Civil Aeronautics Act, DID at 5,000/km2, 150 m altitude, airport surfaces, 100 g registration, Remote ID, DIPS approvals); flight categories and certification (Category I/II/III, the eight regulated flight methods, first-class aircraft certification valid 1 year and skill certificate valid 3 years); UAS systems (airframes, batteries, motors, sensors); C2 link and GNSS vulnerabilities; flight operations and maintenance; and risk management with Class 1-specific calculations (power, glide distance, turn radius, Fresnel zone). The knowledge-test pass is valid 2 years; certification also needs a practical test and medical.
Sample Class 1 Drone (一等) Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to test your Class 1 Drone (一等) exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1Under Japan's Civil Aeronautics Act, what is the minimum total weight (airframe plus battery) at which an unmanned aircraft must be registered and is subject to the UAS flight rules?
2A Class 1 candidate must understand the airspace where flight is restricted under the Civil Aeronautics Act. Which altitude, measured above the ground or water surface, defines restricted airspace requiring permission?
3A densely inhabited district (DID) is one category of restricted airspace. What population density is used to define a DID for unmanned aircraft flight restrictions?
4Which of the following flight methods does NOT, by itself, require approval (承認) of the flight method under the Civil Aeronautics Act?
5Level 4 flight, which Class 1 certification is intended to enable, is best described as which type of operation?
6How is a Category III flight distinguished from a Category II flight under the Japanese framework?
7For Category III flights, which combination of credentials is required?
8What is the validity period of a Class 1 (first-class) remote pilot skill certificate once issued?
9What is the validity period of a first-class (Category III) airworthiness/type certification of the unmanned aircraft itself?
10Remote ID broadcasting is mandatory for registered unmanned aircraft. What information must the Remote ID function principally transmit?
About the Class 1 Drone (一等) Exam
The Japan Class 1 Remote Pilot Certificate (一等無人航空機操縦士) is the first-class national licence that, with first-class aircraft certification, enables Level 4 drone flights - autonomous beyond-visual-line-of-sight (BVLOS) operations over populated areas. The knowledge test is a CBT three-choice exam of 70 questions in 75 minutes administered by ClassNK for MLIT/JCAB. Its content follows MLIT's Guidelines for Safe Flight of Unmanned Aircraft (4th edition), in effect from 17 April 2025, and includes all Class 2 material plus Class 1-specific flight-performance calculations and Category III risk assessment. Full certification also requires a practical skills test (exemptible via a registered training organisation) and an aeromedical examination.
Questions
70 scored questions
Time Limit
75 minutes
Passing Score
Approximately 90% (about 63 of 70 questions correct)
Exam Fee
JPY 9,900 (knowledge test) (MLIT/JCAB; designated examination body ClassNK, delivered as CBT at Prometric test centres)
Class 1 Drone (一等) Exam Content Outline
Regulations & Airspace
Civil Aeronautics Act UAS provisions; restricted airspace (DID at 5,000 people/km2, 150 m above ground or water, airport surfaces); the 100 g registration threshold and mandatory Remote ID broadcasting the registration mark; specified flights; operator duties, alcohol/drug prohibition, accident reporting; and the MLIT DIPS permission/approval system
Flight Categories & Certification
Category I/II/III definitions and the third-party access-control distinction; Level 4 BVLOS over populated areas (permitted from December 2022); the eight regulated flight methods (night, BVLOS, over events, dangerous goods, dropping objects, within 30 m, over people); first-class aircraft certification (1-year) and first-class skill certificate (3-year, age 16+); knowledge/practical/medical components
Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Multirotor, conventional helicopter and fixed-wing airframes; flight principles including lift, stall and critical angle of attack, ground effect, vortex ring state, wing loading, air density and centre of gravity; LiPo battery handling and thermal-runaway/swelling safety; brushless motors and ESCs, IMU and sensors; equipment such as geofencing and Remote ID
C2 Link & Navigation
Command-and-control radio link; 2.4/5.7 GHz characteristics, congestion and interference; GNSS multipath in urban canyons, jamming and spoofing and the resulting fail-safe responses; magnetic interference, compass error and toilet-bowling; Fresnel-zone clearance; antenna gain/aiming, link latency and redundancy for BVLOS
Flight Operations
Flight planning, NOTAM and airspace review and de-confliction; weather, wind, turbulence and precipitation effects; pre-flight inspection, compass/IMU calibration and propeller checks; maintenance, continued airworthiness, flight logs and record-keeping; crew resource management, visual observers, and night-flight lighting
Risk Management & Calculations
Hazard identification and likelihood-severity assessment with mitigations; Category III/Level 4 ground risk, kinetic energy, fail-safes, parachutes, redundancy and detect-and-avoid; emergency and contingency procedures; and Class 1 calculations of electrical power, endurance, turn radius, glide distance, horizontal fall distance and Fresnel-zone radius
How to Pass the Class 1 Drone (一等) Exam
What You Need to Know
- Passing score: Approximately 90% (about 63 of 70 questions correct)
- Exam length: 70 questions
- Time limit: 75 minutes
- Exam fee: JPY 9,900 (knowledge test)
Keys to Passing
- Complete 500+ practice questions
- Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
- Focus on highest-weighted sections
- Use our AI tutor for tough concepts
Class 1 Drone (一等) Study Tips from Top Performers
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Japan Class 1 Remote Pilot Certificate?
It is Japan's first-class national drone licence (一等無人航空機操縦士). Combined with first-class aircraft certification, it enables Level 4 (Category III) flights - autonomous beyond-visual-line-of-sight operations over populated areas where third parties may be present without access control.
What is the format of the Class 1 knowledge test?
It is a computer-based (CBT) three-choice multiple-choice test of 70 questions in 75 minutes, taken at Prometric centres. It is administered by ClassNK on behalf of MLIT/JCAB and includes Class 1-specific flight-performance calculation problems with an on-screen calculator.
What score is needed to pass and how much does it cost?
The pass standard is approximately 90%, meaning about 63 of 70 questions correct. The knowledge-test fee is JPY 9,900. A passing result is valid for 2 years, within which the practical test and medical must be completed.
What content does the test cover?
Four areas: regulations on unmanned aircraft, unmanned aircraft systems, operators and operational frameworks, and operational risk management. It follows MLIT's Guidelines for Safe Flight of Unmanned Aircraft (4th edition), effective 17 April 2025, and adds Class 1 calculations and Category III risk content.
How is Class 1 different from Class 2?
Class 1 includes all Class 2 content plus additional Class 1-specific items, notably flight-performance calculations (power, turn radius, glide distance, horizontal distance, Fresnel-zone radius) and Category III/Level 4 risk assessment. Class 1 has 70 questions versus 50 for Class 2, with a higher ~90% pass standard.
What else is required besides the knowledge test?
To obtain the certificate you must also pass a practical skills test - which can be exempted by completing a course at a registered training organisation - and an aeromedical (physical) examination. Category III operations additionally require first-class certification of the aircraft itself.
Which aircraft must be registered in Japan?
Unmanned aircraft with a combined airframe-plus-battery weight of 100 g or more must be registered with MLIT and display a registration mark, and must broadcast Remote ID information from which the registration mark can be identified. The threshold was lowered from 200 g in June 2022.