Career upgrade: Learn practical AI skills for better jobs and higher pay.
Level up
All Practice Exams

100+ Free GED Science Practice Questions

Pass your GED Test — Science Subject exam on the first try — instant access, no signup required.

✓ No registration✓ No credit card✓ No hidden fees✓ Start practicing immediately
100+ Questions
100% Free
1 / 100
Question 1
Score: 0/0

The table below shows four organisms and their characteristics. Which organism is most likely a decomposer? | Organism | Has chloroplasts | Eats other organisms | Breaks down dead matter | |---|---|---|---| | Oak tree | Yes | No | No | | Rabbit | No | Yes | No | | Mushroom | No | No | Yes | | Hawk | No | Yes | No |

A
B
C
D
to track
Same family resources

Explore More GED

Continue into nearby exams from the same family. Each card keeps practice questions, study guides, flashcards, videos, and articles in one place.

2026 Statistics

Key Facts: GED Science Exam

145

Passing Score (100–200 scale)

GED Testing Service

90 minutes

Time Limit (no break)

GED Testing Service

34–40

Approximate Number of Questions

GED Testing Service

40% / 40% / 20%

Life Science / Physical Science / Earth & Space Science split

GED Assessment Guide for Educators — Science

2018

Year Short-Answer Items Were Removed

GED Testing Service

$36

Standard Per-Subject Fee (most states; varies)

GED Testing Service, ged.com

The GED Science test is one of four GED subject tests required to earn a High School Equivalency credential recognized in all 50 U.S. states. The exam lasts 90 minutes and includes approximately 34–40 questions in technology-enhanced formats. Content is divided into three areas: Life Science (~40%), Physical Science (~40%), and Earth and Space Science (~20%). Two science practices — Reasoning Through Science and Using Numbers and Graphics in Science — are assessed throughout all questions. The passing score is 145 on a 100–200 scale, and the fee is approximately $36 per subject test in most states, though many states offer free or subsidized testing. (Source: GED Testing Service, ged.com)

Sample GED Science Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your GED Science exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration?
A.Nucleus
B.Mitochondria
C.Ribosome
D.Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouse of the cell' because they generate ATP through cellular respiration. They convert glucose and oxygen into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. This energy powers all cellular activities.
2A student observes a slide under a microscope and notices cells with a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts. These cells are most likely from which type of organism?
A.A bacterium
B.An animal
C.A plant
D.A fungus
Explanation: Plant cells are uniquely identified by three structures not found in animal cells: a rigid cell wall (made of cellulose), a large central vacuole that stores water and maintains pressure, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Together these three features conclusively identify a plant cell.
3During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. Which gas do plants release as a byproduct of this process?
A.Carbon dioxide
B.Nitrogen
C.Oxygen
D.Hydrogen
Explanation: The overall equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. Oxygen is released as a byproduct when water molecules are split during the light-dependent reactions. This is why plants are vital to maintaining atmospheric oxygen levels.
4A Punnett square cross between two parents who are both heterozygous (Tt) for plant height, where T (tall) is dominant over t (short), shows which ratio of tall to short offspring?
A.4:0
B.3:1
C.1:3
D.2:2
Explanation: When two Tt parents cross (Tt × Tt), the Punnett square gives TT, Tt, Tt, and tt — three possible tall plants (TT and two Tt) and one short plant (tt). This produces the classic 3:1 dominant-to-recessive ratio. This ratio is a hallmark of Mendelian genetics with one dominant and one recessive allele.
5Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in a cell?
A.It provides energy for cellular activities
B.It carries genetic instructions for making proteins
C.It transports oxygen to body tissues
D.It digests nutrients entering the cell
Explanation: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores genetic information as sequences of nucleotides. These sequences serve as instructions (genes) that direct the synthesis of proteins, which carry out virtually all cellular functions. The central dogma of molecular biology is: DNA → RNA → Protein.
6According to natural selection, which individuals in a population are most likely to survive and reproduce?
A.The largest individuals
B.Individuals with the most offspring
C.Individuals best adapted to their environment
D.The oldest individuals
Explanation: Natural selection, first described by Charles Darwin, states that individuals with traits better suited to their environment have a higher chance of surviving and reproducing. These adaptive traits are then passed to offspring, gradually changing the population over generations. Size and age are only advantageous if they contribute to environmental fitness.
7The graph below shows the population of rabbits and foxes over time in a meadow ecosystem. When fox populations increase, rabbit populations decrease. This is an example of which ecological relationship?
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Predator-prey interaction
D.Parasitism
Explanation: A predator-prey relationship is characterized by one organism (the predator, fox) hunting and consuming another (the prey, rabbit). This creates cyclical population patterns: when foxes increase, rabbits decrease; fewer rabbits mean foxes decline due to food scarcity, allowing rabbits to recover. These oscillating cycles are a hallmark of predator-prey dynamics.
8A scientist studying genetics finds that a certain trait appears in every generation of a family, affects males and females equally, and is passed from affected parents to approximately half of their children. This pattern is most consistent with which type of inheritance?
A.Autosomal recessive
B.X-linked recessive
C.Autosomal dominant
D.Mitochondrial inheritance
Explanation: Autosomal dominant traits appear in every generation (since having one copy of the dominant allele is sufficient), affect males and females equally (since the gene is on an autosome, not a sex chromosome), and are transmitted to approximately 50% of offspring when one parent is heterozygous (Aa × aa). These three characteristics together define autosomal dominant inheritance.
9In a food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk. Which organism is the primary producer?
A.Grasshopper
B.Frog
C.Hawk
D.Grass
Explanation: Producers (also called autotrophs) make their own food through photosynthesis using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. Grass is the producer at the base of this food chain. All other organisms listed are consumers (heterotrophs) that obtain energy by eating other organisms.
10Which human body system is primarily responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and excreting them as urine?
A.Respiratory system
B.Digestive system
C.Excretory (urinary) system
D.Circulatory system
Explanation: The excretory (urinary) system — which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra — filters blood to remove metabolic waste products such as urea (from protein breakdown), excess salts, and water. The filtered waste is excreted as urine. This system maintains the body's fluid balance and chemical homeostasis.

About the GED Science Exam

The GED Science test is a 90-minute computer-based exam covering approximately 34–40 questions across Life Science (40%), Physical Science (40%), and Earth and Space Science (20%). Questions use multiple-choice and technology-enhanced formats; short-answer items were eliminated in 2018. The exam emphasizes reading and interpreting scientific passages and data, not just memorized facts. A score of 145 or higher (on a 100–200 scale) is required to pass.

Questions

100 scored questions

Time Limit

90 minutes

Passing Score

145 (on a 100–200 scale)

Exam Fee

$36 per subject in most states (varies; some states offer free testing — verify at ged.com) (GED Testing Service (Pearson/GED joint venture))

GED Science Exam Content Outline

40%

Life Science

Cell biology (organelles, mitosis, photosynthesis, cellular respiration), genetics and heredity (Punnett squares, DNA, inheritance patterns, mutations), evolution and natural selection (adaptation, fossil record, molecular evidence), ecosystems and ecology (food webs, energy flow, population dynamics, biomes, symbiosis), and human body systems (circulatory, digestive, nervous, endocrine, immune, excretory, skeletal systems).

40%

Physical Science

Chemistry: atomic structure, periodic table, chemical reactions (balancing, conservation of mass, endothermic/exothermic, reaction rates), acids and bases (pH, neutralization), states of matter, and phase changes. Physics: Newton's laws of motion, forces, net force, acceleration, kinetic and potential energy, conservation of energy, electricity (circuits, conductors, insulators), waves (sound and light, electromagnetic spectrum), and thermodynamics.

20%

Earth and Space Science

Earth's internal structure (crust, mantle, core), plate tectonics (boundary types, earthquakes, volcanoes), rock cycle, geologic time (superposition, radiometric dating), water cycle, atmosphere layers, weather vs. climate, greenhouse effect and climate change, ocean currents, the solar system (planet order, seasons, tides), and stellar evolution (nuclear fusion).

How to Pass the GED Science Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 145 (on a 100–200 scale)
  • Exam length: 100 questions
  • Time limit: 90 minutes
  • Exam fee: $36 per subject in most states (varies; some states offer free testing — verify at ged.com)

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

GED Science Study Tips from Top Performers

1Focus on the two science practices tested throughout: (1) reading and interpreting science passages — practice finding evidence in the text rather than relying solely on outside knowledge; and (2) interpreting data, graphs, and tables — practice extracting information from charts and calculating percentages, ratios, and trends.
2Distribute your study time proportionally: spend ~40% of prep time on Life Science (especially genetics, ecosystems, and human body systems), ~40% on Physical Science (chemistry and physics basics), and ~20% on Earth and Space Science (plate tectonics, rock cycle, weather/climate, solar system).
3Master the scientific method: know how to identify independent variables, dependent variables, controlled variables, and what makes a valid experimental design. Several GED Science questions assess experimental design skills across all content areas.
4Build vocabulary for the three content areas — know terms like mitosis vs. meiosis, endothermic vs. exothermic, convergent vs. divergent plate boundary, and erosion vs. weathering vs. deposition. Wrong vocabulary leads to wrong answers even when you know the concept.
5Practice reading short science passages quickly and accurately. The GED Science test embeds passages within questions; your job is to find the answer in or from the text plus your science knowledge — not to rely entirely on one or the other.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on the GED Science test?

The GED Science test contains approximately 34–40 questions, completed in 90 minutes with no break. Question types include multiple choice, drag-and-drop, fill-in-the-blank, hot spot (click an area), and drop-down — all technology-enhanced formats designed for computer-based testing.

What is the passing score for the GED Science test?

You need a score of 145 or higher on the 100–200 point scale to pass the GED Science test. Scores of 165–174 indicate GED College Ready status, and 175+ indicates GED College Ready + Credit status, potentially earning college credit hours at participating institutions.

Were short-answer questions removed from the GED Science test?

Yes. Short-answer items were removed from the GED Science test in 2018. The current exam uses only technology-enhanced question formats: multiple choice, drag-and-drop, fill-in-the-blank, hot spot, and drop-down questions.

What topics are covered on the GED Science test?

The GED Science test covers three content areas: Life Science (approximately 40%) including cells, genetics, evolution, ecosystems, and human body systems; Physical Science (approximately 40%) including chemistry, physics, motion, energy, and electricity; and Earth and Space Science (approximately 20%) including geology, plate tectonics, weather, climate, and astronomy.

Can I use a calculator on the GED Science test?

Yes. A TI-30XS Multiview calculator is available as an on-screen tool during the GED Science test. Test takers at in-person testing centers may also bring their own TI-30XS calculator. A calculator reference sheet is also provided.

How much does the GED Science test cost?

The standard fee for the GED Science subject test is approximately $36 in most states, though pricing varies significantly by location. Several states, including New York, Illinois, West Virginia, and Connecticut, offer free GED testing. Check ged.com/about-test/price-and-rules.html for your state's current pricing.