Free City & Guilds 2391-51 Exam Flashcards

Periodic inspection evaluates an existing installation's condition for continued service. Initial verification confirms new work or an alteration before it is placed into service.

To identify deterioration, damage, defects, changes in use, or other conditions that could affect safety, and to judge whether the installation remains suitable for continued service.

Statutory documents impose legal duties applicable in the relevant UK nation. BS 7671, IET Guidance Note 3, and HSE guidance provide technical or safety guidance used to meet and evidence those duties.

The inspector and the person ordering the work must agree what installation is covered and any justified limitations. The report must record the extent, each limitation, and its reason.

It is representative, risk-based, agreed, and recorded. If sampled items reveal defects or inconsistent results, the inspector should reconsider and extend the sample as needed.

The EICR, Schedule of Inspections, Schedule of Circuit Details, Schedule of Test Results, and guidance for recipients. Entries must accurately reflect the work, limitations, observations, and measured results.

Hazards, risk controls, isolation arrangements, permits or method statements where required, suitable tools and instruments, PPE, access controls, and how unsafe situations will be reported.

The first proof confirms the indicator works before use; the second confirms it did not fail during the check. A dead indication is trustworthy only when the indicator works on both sides of the test.

The inspector, workers, occupants, and public can face shock, burns, arc effects, fire, or unexpected operation. Planned isolation must also protect critical systems from harmful supply loss.

It provides a systematic record of the installation features examined. It shows what was inspected, what was not applicable, and where the report's stated extent or limitations affected coverage.

Sight identifies damage and poor workmanship; smell or hearing may reveal overheating or arcing. Any closer examination or touch must be justified and performed only under safe conditions, normally after isolation.

The first numeral describes protection against access to hazardous parts and solid objects. The second describes protection against water. An X means that characteristic was not specified or tested.

Danger is present. There is an immediate safety risk, so the inspector should advise that immediate remedial action is required and take appropriate action under the agreed safety procedure.

The condition is potentially dangerous. It is not necessarily causing danger at that instant, but urgent remedial action is required because a foreseeable event or fault could create danger.

Improvement is recommended. The observed condition is not classified as dangerous or potentially dangerous, but improving it would enhance safety or bring protection closer to the current standard.

When further investigation is required without delay to determine whether danger or potential danger exists. FI is not a substitute for completing an inspection that can reasonably be completed now.

Any C1, C2, or FI observation results in an Unsatisfactory overall assessment. C3 alone does not make the report Unsatisfactory.

No. An older installation is not automatically unsafe because requirements changed. The inspector classifies the present safety risk and records relevant observations rather than coding edition age alone.

The installation is already in service, and its condition, records, extent, limitations, connected equipment, and risks vary. The inspector selects a safe, logical sequence appropriate to the actual installation.

Only when existing information, installation conditions, safety, or risk justifies the decision. The inspector must still obtain sufficient evidence and record any resulting limitation or adapted method.

To confirm they are safe, suitable, and capable of producing dependable measurements. A calibration label alone does not replace inspection, functional checks, and lead checks before and after use where appropriate.

They reduce shock, arcing, and short-circuit risk through suitable insulation, finger barriers, minimal exposed conductive tips, and appropriate protective features such as fused leads where required.

That the protective path is electrically continuous and has a resistance consistent with its length, material, and cross-sectional area, supporting fault-current flow and protective-device operation.

To confirm that each ring conductor forms a complete loop. Unexpectedly high, low, or unequal readings may indicate a break, interconnection, poor joint, or conductor-size inconsistency requiring investigation.

They help verify polarity and continuity at each point and expose irregularities. Readings should follow a plausible pattern; a single convenient value is not enough if the pattern suggests a spur, bridge, or fault.

It checks whether insulation adequately separates live conductors from each other and from Earth. Low readings may indicate deterioration, moisture, damage, contamination, or connected equipment affecting the test.

Disconnect vulnerable equipment where practicable. If a non-SELV/PELV circuit up to 500 V is tested at the permitted reduced 250 V DC, its minimum remains 1 megohm. Record the method and limitation.

SELV and PELV circuits are generally tested at 250 V DC with a 0.5 megohm minimum. Circuits up to and including 500 V, other than SELV or PELV, are generally tested at 500 V DC with a 1 megohm minimum.

That line, neutral, and protective conductors are connected in the intended positions, and that single-pole devices such as switches and protective devices are connected in the line conductor where required.

It assesses the resistance of the electrode system to the general mass of Earth. The method must account for parallel paths and test conditions so the result represents the electrode arrangement being evaluated.

The earth fault loop impedance external to the consumer's installation, measured or otherwise determined at the origin with the installation side arranged safely for the selected method.

The total impedance of the earth fault loop for that circuit. It includes the external loop and the circuit line and protective conductor paths, often expressed conceptually as Ze plus R1 plus R2.

To verify that protective and switching equipment has adequate breaking or withstand capacity. The relevant value reflects the greater applicable prospective short-circuit or earth fault current at that point.

It confirms the order of phases in a multiphase system. Correct sequence matters for equipment such as motors and for consistency when circuits, boards, or supplies are connected or altered.

It provides a functional check that the device can mechanically operate from its internal test circuit. It does not measure actual trip time or replace instrument testing required by the current inspection specification.

Permitted performance depends on the device type, rated residual current, time-delay characteristics, product standard, test method, and purpose. Results must be checked against the current requirement for that device.

To confirm that switchgear, controls, interlocks, protective devices, and related equipment operate as intended where their operation affects safety. It complements visual inspection and electrical measurement.

Use the complete current-path resistance, correct it for operating temperature, and multiply by design current. Conceptually, Vd = Ib x corrected path resistance.

Metallic conductor resistance rises with temperature. Correct a cool-circuit reading before comparing it with an operating-temperature limit, and record the assumptions used.

They can lower the measured resistance and mask a broken or poor intended conductor. Inspect the arrangement, isolate parallel paths where safe and necessary, or use another method to interpret the result correctly.

Lead resistance can be significant compared with the conductor under test. Compensation removes or accounts for that contribution so the recorded value represents the installation rather than the leads.

Loads and electronic equipment can create parallel paths, leakage, stored energy, or damage risk. Identify connected equipment, isolate it where required, and select a safe test method.

Instrument type, measurement range, display resolution, output voltage or current, safety category, lead condition, and protective features must suit the circuit, expected value, and test environment.

Compare it with current requirements, circuit data, related measurements, reliable previous records, instrument uncertainty, and site conditions. Investigate inconsistent evidence.

No. The inspector determines the safety significance from the installation, protective measures, measurement quality, and foreseeable faults. The code communicates risk, not just numerical nonconformity.

Whether the earth fault loop is sufficiently low for the selected protective measure and device to achieve the required fault protection, including disconnection performance under the applicable conditions.

That the separated circuit remains insulated from Earth and from other circuits as required for the protective measure. Connected equipment and intentional components must be considered before choosing the method.

Use live testing only where it is necessary to obtain the required evidence and can be performed with suitable precautions by a competent person. Plan the method to minimise exposure and avoid unnecessary live work.

Actual values show what was measured, support compliance checks and classification, allow later review or trend comparison, and make clear which circuits and devices were tested.

Remove temporary links and instruments, reconnect equipment correctly, replace covers and barriers, confirm safe operating condition, perform appropriate functional checks, and report any unresolved unsafe condition.