Free Montana CNA Exam Flashcards

Use the exact task checklist: explain care, perform the specified hand hygiene, protect privacy and position equipment safely. Knock and introduce yourself where listed. There is no single identical set of scored starting steps on every task; actual care also requires resident identification and the care plan.

Leave the resident comfortable and safe, the call device accessible and the bed low when applicable; clean equipment, dispose of supplies and perform required hand hygiene. A low bed does not mean every resident must lie flat. Maintain ordered positioning and document the care or measurements.

Use the prescribed stocking and technique, align it correctly and leave it smooth without wrinkles or constricting bands. Check the toes for pressure and report pain, color change or other concerns. Do not assume every resident is suitable for the same compression garment.

Lock wheelchair brakes, arrange safe foot placement and footwear, fit and check the belt, and use an underhand grip with proper body mechanics. In practice, first confirm the resident’s assessed transfer method; a gait belt is not a substitute for a required mechanical lift or additional staff.

Under the head, under the upper arm, behind the back and between the knees, maintaining alignment and safety. Use the side specified in the scenario. In clinical care, follow the resident’s assessed positioning requirements and avoid placing pressure on an existing injury.

Support the joint and move gently through the assigned movements without forcing beyond free movement or causing pain. The Montana task specifies at least three repetitions for its listed movements. Stop and report pain or resistance; the exam repetition count is not a universal treatment prescription.

By the individualized care plan and assessment of mobility, tissue tolerance, support surface and clinical needs. Help the resident change position and report skin changes. Do not treat every-two-hours as sufficient for every person or massage a reddened pressure area.

Check the correct tray and prescribed diet, position the resident according to the swallowing/care plan, offer small amounts and allow swallowing. Stop and alert the nurse for coughing, choking or distress. Follow ordered fluid consistency and post-meal positioning rather than one universal angle or time.

The first task is one of four: bedpan/output, gown-and-gloves with drainage-bag output, female perineal care, or uncircumcised-male perineal care with a brief. Each embeds actual soap-and-water handwashing. Two or three additional tasks make three or four total tasks in 35 minutes.

Rub hands with soap and friction for at least 20 seconds, covering required surfaces, then rinse and dry without recontamination. Turn off the faucet using a clean, dry paper towel. Saying that you washed does not replace actually demonstrating the step.

Use soap and water for visibly soiled hands and the Montana mandatory handwashing tasks; follow additional facility outbreak precautions for organisms such as C. difficile and norovirus. Alcohol does not kill C. difficile spores, but CDC does not prohibit alcohol sanitizer in every non-soiled clinical situation.

Keep bare skin and clothing away from contaminated outer surfaces, turn contaminated material inward and discard appropriately, then clean hands. Montana permits its described glove-first method or combined gown-and-glove removal. Follow the task instructions rather than declaring only one removal sequence valid.

Before entering the patient room or patient space, according to CDC and facility instructions—not only after crossing an estimated distance from the resident. Other indicated protection still applies. Airborne precautions require the appropriate respiratory protection and placement; a surgical mask is not an N95 substitute.

Keep it away from your clothing, avoid shaking it and place it in the designated container. Keep clean linen on a clean surface. Linen that falls on the floor is contaminated; quickly picking it up does not make it clean.

Keep the bag below the bladder, avoid kinks and prevent the outlet touching the graduate. Close and clean the drain as instructed. In Montana’s test, read the graduate at eye level on a flat surface and record within 10 mL of the observer’s amount.

Do not handle or recap it unnecessarily. Use the approved sharps container and exposure procedure within your role; report an injury immediately. Never reach into a disposal container or assume gloves prevent a needlestick.

Call for help and use the trained assisted-lowering technique if safe, protecting the head without trying to hold the person upright by force. Stay with the resident and summon the nurse. Do not lift a fallen resident before assessment unless immediate danger requires emergency movement.

RACE: rescue people from immediate danger if safe, activate the alarm, confine smoke and extinguish or evacuate under the emergency plan. PASS: pull, aim at the base, squeeze, sweep. Use an extinguisher only if trained, safe and with an escape route.

Protect from nearby hazards, cushion the head if possible, time the event and summon help. Do not restrain the person or place anything in the mouth. When safe, support airway protection and follow emergency instructions; report prolonged, repeated or first-time seizures promptly.

No. Restraints require lawful clinical justification and the prescribed plan; convenience or punishment is not justification. Follow individualized monitoring, release, skin and comfort checks and report problems. A generic 15-minute check or two-hour release rule does not establish safety for every resident or device.

Activate help. Under 2025 AHA guidance, give cycles of five back blows followed by five abdominal thrusts until relieved or unresponsive. Use chest thrusts instead when late pregnancy or body size prevents encircling the abdomen. If unresponsive, begin CPR with compressions and remove only a visible object before breaths.

Call the nurse/emergency response promptly, remain with the resident and check for obvious tubing displacement or kinks within your role. Follow the prescribed plan. Do not independently change flow or remove oxygen; keep smoking, flames and ignition sources away.

Clean from the urinary/genital area toward the rectal area, using a clean portion for each stroke. Maintain privacy, use gloves and avoid carrying rectal contamination toward the urethra. For the Montana task, follow the listed manikin steps and finish with actual soap-and-water handwashing.

Gently return the foreskin to its normal position after cleaning and drying. Leaving it retracted can cause constriction and swelling. Never force retraction; report pain, resistance or an abnormal appearance and follow the resident’s care plan.

Use the assigned care procedure, prevent traction and maintain the closed drainage system. Do not pull or reposition the catheter internally, disconnect it casually or improvise a fixed cleaning length as a universal rule. Report pain, leakage, obstruction or other changes.

Dress the affected side first; remove clothing from the unaffected side first. Support the weak limb and preserve comfort and privacy. If tubing or an IV complicates clothing changes, obtain the nurse’s help rather than disconnecting or adjusting it independently.

Reduced sensation and impaired healing can make minor injury serious. Inspect and report skin changes, dry carefully and follow the individualized foot-care plan. Do not independently cut nails, soak feet or apply products when the resident’s condition or assigned plan prohibits them.

Face the resident in good light, reduce background noise, speak clearly and confirm understanding. Check that hearing aids are available and working within your role. Shouting or speaking to someone else instead of the resident can make communication worse.

Identify yourself, explain what you are doing, keep needed objects consistently located and offer guidance with permission. Describe the environment rather than pulling the resident by the arm. Use the resident’s preferred assistance and mobility plan.

Allow time, use brief clear questions and agreed communication aids, and confirm the intended meaning. Difficulty producing speech does not automatically mean impaired understanding. Do not finish every sentence or pretend you understood when you did not.

Record timely, objective observations and actual care, using the approved charting method. Include relevant measurements, resident statements and who was notified. Do not chart care before it occurs, guess missing values or erase an error contrary to policy.

Pause, listen and explain without coercion; offer an appropriate alternative and notify the nurse. Document the refusal and relevant facts. Cognitive impairment does not erase dignity or justify forced routine care; capacity, representatives and urgent situations require the appropriate clinical process.

Respect privacy, personal choices, possessions, communication and access to grievances or the ombudsman. Knock and explain care and protect confidential information. Restrictions need an appropriate lawful basis, not merely staff convenience.

Protect the resident from immediate danger and report promptly through the required supervisory and external reporting channels. Record objective observations; do not investigate privately or wait for proof. Registry findings can have serious employment consequences, but not every allegation or neglect finding has identical permanent status.

No. Access and disclosure must have an authorized purpose and follow applicable privacy rules and role-based access. Use the approved care/reporting channels and protect conversations and records. Legitimate required reporting may be allowed; social curiosity is not a care purpose.

An acute change in attention or behavior may signal delirium or another urgent illness and needs prompt nurse assessment. A calm familiar environment and reassurance can help while assistance arrives. Do not dismiss sudden confusion as normal aging or treat orientation alone as sufficient.

Look for unmet needs, pain, fatigue, environmental overstimulation and changes from baseline; report concerns. Use calm communication and familiar routines according to the care plan. “Sundowning” is a description, not a reason to ignore a new medical problem.

Follow the individualized supervision and environmental safety plan, offer purposeful activity and respond calmly. Report a missing resident immediately under the facility procedure. Do not lock or restrain a person simply because wandering is inconvenient.

Do not perform it independently; clarify with the supervising nurse and obtain appropriate help. CNA certification alone does not authorize assessment, diagnosis, medication administration or independent treatment changes. A separately authorized role must meet its own training and legal requirements.

The knowledge/audio test has 72 questions in 90 minutes; 75% means 54 correct. Trained candidates have three attempts within six months of training completion. A challenge candidate who fails either component must complete approved training before retesting; that is a different route.

Headmaster sends results to DPHHS, but the candidate must also submit the online BOUNDS CNA by Exam Application. Passing alone is not automatic registry listing. Verify certification in the state registry and use the portal’s current renewal instructions before expiration.

Face droop, arm weakness, speech difficulty and time to activate emergency response. Note when symptoms began or the person was last known well and alert the nurse/emergency system immediately. Do not give food or drink while swallowing safety is uncertain.

A measured glucose below 70 mg/dL is low; sweating, shakiness or confusion may occur but symptoms alone are not diagnostic. Alert the nurse and follow the immediate treatment protocol. Give oral carbohydrate only if authorized and the person is awake and can swallow safely; never give it to an unresponsive person.

New or worsening breathlessness, chest discomfort, altered alertness, swelling or an unexpected weight change. Follow the prescribed observation and care plan; do not independently diagnose CHF/COPD worsening, increase oxygen or impose fluid restriction.

Treat it seriously, remain with the resident if safe, summon immediate clinical/emergency help and follow the facility safety procedure. Do not promise secrecy. Persistent low mood also deserves reporting; a CNA observes and reports rather than diagnosing depression from one symptom.

No. These are commonly discussed reactions, not mandatory stages or a timetable. Listen without forcing optimism or insisting the resident “move on.” Respect cultural and personal preferences and report distress or safety concerns.

Provide dignity, privacy and comfort under the care plan, respecting cultural and family wishes. Report changes and follow licensed staff direction and facility requirements after death. Do not remove lines or begin a routine sequence before the required authorization and any investigative restrictions are addressed.

Against the RN observer’s recording: manual blood pressure within 4 mm Hg for each value, pulse within 4 beats/minute, respirations within 2 breaths/minute, and temperature within 0.1 degree on the instrument scale. These are exam measurement tolerances, not acceptable clinical changes in a resident.

(6 + 4) × 30 = 300 mL. The 30 mL/oz value is a common rounded care-calculation convention, not an exact physical equivalence. Record the actual amount consumed, use supplied container values and distinguish intake from urine-output tolerances.

Encourage safe participation in the activities the resident can perform, following the care plan and allowing time. Offer the assistance actually needed rather than doing everything automatically. Sudden functional loss, new incontinence or confusion must be reported, not dismissed as inevitable aging.