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Sample ÖABT Biyoloji Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the ÖABT Biyoloji exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 25+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A cell membrane becomes less permeable to Na+ while its sodium concentration gradient remains unchanged. Which process is directly reduced?
A.Simple diffusion of oxygen through the lipid layer
B.Na+ movement through the affected ion channels
C.Water movement through aquaporins
D.ATP synthesis by mitochondrial ATP synthase
Explanation: Ion channels permit selected ions to move down electrochemical gradients. Reducing sodium permeability reduces that channel-mediated flux without directly changing oxygen diffusion or aquaporin transport.
2An uncoupler increases proton permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane. With substrate and oxygen available, which combination is expected initially?
A.Lower ATP yield per substrate and continued electron transport
B.Higher ATP yield and stopped oxygen consumption
C.Unchanged proton gradient and increased ATP yield
D.Blocked glycolysis because it requires the mitochondrial proton gradient
Explanation: The uncoupler dissipates the proton-motive force without routing all proton flow through ATP synthase. Electron transport can continue, but oxidative phosphorylation captures less energy as ATP and more is dissipated as heat.
3Which product pair is generated in the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway from glucose-6-phosphate?
A.ATP and lactate
B.FADH2 and acetyl-CoA
C.NADPH and ribulose-5-phosphate
D.NADH and ribose-1-phosphate
Explanation: The oxidative phase generates NADPH, releases CO2, and produces ribulose-5-phosphate. Subsequent reactions can convert ribulose-5-phosphate into ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis.
4A soluble lysosomal hydrolase lacks its normal mannose-6-phosphate targeting signal. Which outcome best follows from defective Golgi sorting?
A.Its ER signal peptide retains it permanently in the ER
B.The missing tag prevents its initial entry into the ER
C.It is redirected into the cytosol for proteasomal degradation in every case
D.Less enzyme reaches lysosomes through the usual receptor-mediated route
Explanation: Mannose-6-phosphate receptors sort many soluble lysosomal enzymes from the Golgi toward endosomes and lysosomes. Losing the signal can misdirect the enzyme, including toward secretion, rather than changing its protein identity.
5An enzyme has Km = 2 mM and Vmax = 60 units. Under Michaelis-Menten assumptions, what is its initial velocity at substrate concentration 2 mM?
A.15 units
B.30 units
C.60 units
D.120 units
Explanation: Use v = Vmax[S]/(Km + [S]). When [S] equals Km, v is half Vmax, giving 30 units.
6Use water potential Ψ = Ψs + Ψp, neglecting other terms. Plant cell A has Ψs = −0.6 MPa and Ψp = +0.4 MPa; adjacent cell B has Ψs = −0.4 MPa and Ψp = +0.1 MPa. Across a water-permeable membrane, what initial net movement is expected?
A.From A to B because −0.2 MPa is higher than −0.3 MPa
B.From B to A because A has the more negative solute potential
C.No net movement because both cells have positive pressure potential
D.From B to A because −0.3 MPa is higher than −0.2 MPa
Explanation: Total water potentials are −0.2 MPa in A and −0.3 MPa in B. Water moves from higher to lower total water potential, initially from A to B; considering solute potential alone gives the wrong prediction here.
7In the classic tobacco-callus organogenesis model, raising auxin relative to cytokinin generally favors which outcome?
A.Shoot initiation rather than roots
B.Maintenance of undifferentiated callus as the characteristic ratio response
C.Root initiation rather than shoots
D.Equal root and shoot initiation regardless of the ratio
Explanation: The classic culture model associates relatively high auxin with root formation and relatively high cytokinin with shoot formation. Responses depend on species, tissue and concentrations, so this is not a universal equimolar recipe.
8In a typical angiosperm embryo sac containing a haploid egg and two haploid polar nuclei, what follows double fertilization?
A.A haploid embryo and diploid seed coat derived from sperm
B.Two separate diploid embryos
C.A triploid embryo and diploid endosperm
D.A diploid zygote and triploid primary endosperm nucleus
Explanation: One haploid sperm fuses with the haploid egg to form a diploid zygote. The other fuses with the central cell's two haploid polar nuclei, producing the typical triploid endosperm nucleus.
9What directly permits actin-myosin cross-bridge formation in skeletal muscle after cytosolic Ca2+ rises?
A.Calcium binds troponin, shifting tropomyosin away from binding sites
B.Calcium binds calmodulin and activates myosin light-chain kinase as the main thin-filament switch
C.ATP binding to myosin exposes the sites by shortening actin filaments
D.Calcium binds tropomyosin directly, without troponin participation
Explanation: Calcium binds troponin C, changing the troponin-tropomyosin complex. This exposes myosin-binding sites on actin so cross-bridge cycling can proceed when ATP is available.
10Which change specifically illustrates the Bohr effect on hemoglobin?
A.Lower temperature reduces oxygen affinity
B.Higher H+ concentration reduces oxygen affinity
C.Lower 2,3-BPG reduces oxygen affinity
D.Carbon monoxide increases blood oxygen-carrying capacity
Explanation: The Bohr effect describes reduced hemoglobin oxygen affinity as H+ and CO2 increase. It favors oxygen unloading in metabolically active tissues; temperature and 2,3-BPG also influence affinity but are distinct influences.

About the ÖABT Biyoloji Exam

ÖABT Biyoloji is a separately named ÖSYM field-knowledge assessment used in the MEB Academy selection system. Its published scope includes cells, plants, animal physiology, ecology and genetics.

Exam sponsor: ÖSYM / Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

One written field test of 50 five-option MCQs in Turkish, lasting 70 minutes. No mandatory oral, practical, assignment or separate case-study submission occurs within this paper. The mandatory AGS session and subsequent Academy training and assessments are separate.

Time Limit

70 minutes

Passing Score

No universal pass mark. Standardized scores support selection; at least 1 net in AGS and the relevant ÖABT test is required for score calculation.

Exam / Certification Fees

TRY 800 for ÖABT (late application TRY 1,200), plus the mandatory AGS session at TRY 800 (late TRY 1,200).

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

  • 2026 ÖSYM MEB-AGS/ÖABT guide · Source checked 2026-10-21Identity, eligibility, language/format, fees, duration, scoring and Table 1 scope.
  • 2026 results announcement · Source checked 2026-10-21Sitting held 26 July 2026; results released 26 August 2026.
  • Cell metabolism · Source checked 2026-10-21Content reference for independent study; not an endorsement of this bank.
  • Plant transport · Source checked 2026-10-21Content reference for independent study; not an endorsement of this bank.
  • Muscle physiology · Source checked 2026-10-21Content reference for independent study; not an endorsement of this bank.
  • Protein sorting · Source checked 2026-10-21Content reference for independent study; not an endorsement of this bank.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

20% of official paper

Cells and metabolism

Cells and metabolism. Published approximate weight in the 2026 guide, Table 1.

12% of official paper

Plant biology

Plant biology. Published approximate weight in the 2026 guide, Table 1.

28% of official paper

Human and animal biology

Human and animal biology. Published approximate weight in the 2026 guide, Table 1.

12% of official paper

Ecology

Ecology. Published approximate weight in the 2026 guide, Table 1.

8% of official paper

Classification

Classification. Published approximate weight in the 2026 guide, Table 1.

20% of official paper

Genetics

Genetics. Published approximate weight in the 2026 guide, Table 1.

Preparing for the ÖABT Biyoloji Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: No universal pass mark. Standardized scores support selection; at least 1 net in AGS and the relevant ÖABT test is required for score calculation.
  • Assessment: One written field test of 50 five-option MCQs in Turkish, lasting 70 minutes. No mandatory oral, practical, assignment or separate case-study submission occurs within this paper. The mandatory AGS session and subsequent Academy training and assessments are separate.
  • Time limit: 70 minutes
  • Exam / certification fees: TRY 800 for ÖABT (late application TRY 1,200), plus the mandatory AGS session at TRY 800 (late TRY 1,200). Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 25 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

ÖABT Biyoloji: Suggested Study Strategy

1Use the 2026 guide and applicable MEB Academy notice to check the official field and current application conditions.
2Review the Turkish terminology and primary subject resources alongside these English explanations.
3Complete additional Turkish-language study across the published outline; this selected set does not exhaust the field.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the eligibility and other assessment requirements?

The 2026 guide requires the statutory Academy-entry conditions. Graduation from a MEB-approved higher-education program for the intended field is required by the Academy application date. Check the applicable MEB recruitment notice for accepted programs and other conditions; test participation does not confer an appointment right. All candidates must take the morning AGS session; subsequent Academy training is separate.

How is the real examination scored?

Raw score is correct answers minus one-quarter of wrong answers. Scores are standardized and combined under the guide’s field-specific rules; there is no universal pass mark or automatic appointment.