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Key Facts: Sweden Medical Physicist Knowledge Test (Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker) Exam

21 tasks

Explanatory and calculation tasks in the 2022 example written test

Göteborgs universitet

2 days

Practical laboratory test in hospital and lab settings

Göteborgs universitet

On demand

Test dates agreed with the candidate after registration

Göteborgs universitet

SEK 990

Socialstyrelsen application fee for review of the foreign education (step 1)

Socialstyrelsen

Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker is run by Göteborgs universitet for Socialstyrelsen: a written test of explanatory and calculation tasks (21 tasks in the published 2022 example) and, after passing, a two-day practical laboratory test in hospital and lab settings. The test is in Swedish; this 100-question bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation — not an official translation, format simulation, or substitute for writing/speaking/performance practice.

Sample Sweden Medical Physicist Knowledge Test (Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker) Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Sweden Medical Physicist Knowledge Test (Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker) exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under the IAEA TRS-398 Code of Practice, which beam quality index is specified for high-energy photon beams generated by clinical linear accelerators?
A.The percentage depth dose at 10 cm depth in water for a 10 cm x 10 cm field excluding electron contamination, %dd(10)x
B.The ionization ratio at 20 cm and 10 cm depth measured at a fixed source-to-surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm
C.The half-value layer (HVL) measured in millimeters of copper under narrow-beam geometry
D.TPR20,10 at 100 cm source–detector distance, 10 × 10 cm² field at the detector
Explanation: IAEA TRS-398 uses the tissue-phantom ratio TPR20,10 as the beam quality index for high-energy photon beams. TPR20,10 is defined as the ratio of absorbed doses (or ionizations) at depths of 20 cm and 10 cm in water with a constant source-to-detector distance of 100 cm and a 10 cm x 10 cm field at the plane of measurement. It is independent of electron contamination at the surface unlike SSD-based percentage depth dose metrics.
2A medical physicist is performing reference absorbed dose calibration in water for a 6 MV photon beam according to IAEA TRS-398. What is the standard reference depth (z_ref) specified by the protocol for this beam quality?
A.At the depth of maximum dose (z_max = 1.5 g/cm²)
B.At 3.0 g/cm²
C.At 10.0 g/cm² (10 cm depth in water)
D.At 20.0 g/cm² (20 cm depth in water)
Explanation: IAEA TRS-398 specifies 10 g/cm² (10 cm depth in water) as the reference depth for high-energy photon beams; the 2000 edition also allowed 5 g/cm² for lower-energy beams with TPR20,10 below 0.70. Calibrating at 10 cm avoids the steep gradient and electron contamination near the dose maximum.
3During linear accelerator calibration with an unsealed vented ionization chamber, the ambient temperature is 22.0 °C and the atmospheric pressure is 99.5 kPa. If the calibration laboratory reference conditions are T0 = 20.0 °C and P0 = 101.325 kPa, what is the temperature-pressure correction factor (k_T,P)?
A.0.989
B.1.011
C.1.025
D.1.018
Explanation: The temperature and pressure correction factor is given by k_T,P = [(273.15 + T) / (273.15 + T0)] * [P0 / P]. Inserting the values: k_T,P = [(273.15 + 22.0) / (273.15 + 20.0)] * [101.325 / 99.5] = (295.15 / 293.15) * (101.325 / 99.5) = 1.00682 * 1.01834 = 1.0253, which rounds to 1.025.
4In pulsed beams from a medical linear accelerator, the ion recombination correction factor (k_s) is determined using the two-voltage method with polarising voltages V1 (normal) and V2 (reduced, where V1/V2 = 2.0). If the collected charges are Q1 and Q2, which equation correctly represents k_s according to IAEA TRS-398?
A.k_s = a0 + a1*(Q1/Q2) + a2*(Q1/Q2)²
B.k_s = (1 - (Q1/Q2)) / (1 - (V1/V2))
C.k_s = (V1/V2)² * (Q2/Q1)
D.k_s = 1 + [(V1/V2) - 1] * (Q1/Q2)
Explanation: IAEA TRS-398 specifies the polynomial approximation k_s = a0 + a1*(Q1/Q2) + a2*(Q1/Q2)² for pulsed and pulsed-scanned beams, where coefficients a0, a1, and a2 depend on the voltage ratio V1/V2 (for V1/V2 = 2, a0 = 2.337, a1 = -3.636, a2 = 2.299). This accounts for initial and general recombination in high-intensity pulses.
5A hospital physicist evaluates the polarity effect of a cylindrical ionization chamber in a 15 MV photon beam. The reading at +300 V is M+ = +10.08 nC and at -300 V is M- = -9.92 nC. What is the polarity correction factor (k_pol) for positive operating voltage (+300 V)?
A.0.992
B.1.000
C.1.008
D.1.016
Explanation: The polarity correction factor according to IAEA TRS-398 is k_pol = (|M+| + |M-|) / (2 * M), where M is the reading with the routinely used polarity. Here M = M+ = 10.08 nC. Thus k_pol = (10.08 + 9.92) / (2 * 10.08) = 20.00 / 20.16 = 0.9921, which rounds to 0.992.
6In electron beam reference dosimetry under IAEA TRS-398, the beam quality index is R50, the half-value depth in water. How is R50 determined from ionization measurements performed in a water phantom?
A.Directly from the depth where the ionization curve drops to 50% of its maximum value (I50), with no mathematical conversion
B.By measuring the depth at which dose drops to 10% and multiplying by 0.5
C.From I50 using the empirical relationship: R50 = 1.029 * I50 - 0.06 g/cm² (for I50 <= 10 g/cm²)
D.By measuring the practical range Rp in aluminum and applying the water-equivalent density factor
Explanation: IAEA TRS-398 specifies that R50 is derived from the depth of 50% ionization (I50) using R50 = 1.029 * I50 - 0.06 g/cm² for I50 <= 10 g/cm² (or R50 = 1.059 * I50 - 0.37 g/cm² for I50 > 10 g/cm²). This transformation accounts for the variation of the water-to-air stopping-power ratio with depth.
7For a clinical electron beam with a beam quality index of R50 = 4.0 g/cm², what is the reference depth (z_ref) for absorbed dose calibration according to IAEA TRS-398?
A.z_ref = 2.3 g/cm²
B.z_ref = 1.5 g/cm²
C.z_ref = 3.2 g/cm²
D.z_ref = 4.0 g/cm²
Explanation: In IAEA TRS-398, the reference depth for electron beams is defined as z_ref = 0.6 * R50 - 0.1 g/cm². For R50 = 4.0 g/cm², z_ref = 0.6 * 4.0 - 0.1 = 2.4 - 0.1 = 2.3 g/cm². This depth is close to the depth of dose maximum for lower energies but moves into the linear fall-off region for higher energies where calibration conditions are well-behaved.
8According to IAEA TRS-398, when calibrating clinical electron beams with energies where R50 < 4.0 g/cm² (initial beam energy E0 < ~10 MeV), which type of ionization chamber is mandatory for reference dosimetry?
A.A 0.6 cm³ Farmer-type cylindrical ionization chamber
B.A liquid ionization chamber calibrated in absorbed dose to water
C.A micro-diamond solid-state detector calibrated in Co-60
D.A calibrated plane-parallel ionization chamber (e.g. Roos or Markus)
Explanation: IAEA TRS-398 mandates the use of a calibrated plane-parallel chamber (such as a Roos or NACP chamber) for electron beams with R50 < 4.0 g/cm² (nominal energy < 10 MeV). Cylindrical chambers have large fluence perturbation corrections and displacement uncertainties in the steep dose gradients characteristic of low-energy electron beams.
9A modern medical linear accelerator is equipped with Flattening Filter Free (FFF) photon beams (6 FFF and 10 FFF). Which beam characteristic is observed when operating in FFF mode compared to a standard flattened beam of the same nominal accelerating energy?
A.Decreased dose rate on the central axis and increased head scatter
B.Higher central dose rate, a softer and more uniform spectrum, and less head scatter
C.Harder photon spectrum across the entire field and increased neutron production
D.Flat dose profile at all depths with higher electron contamination
Explanation: Removing the flattening filter increases the dose rate by a factor of about 2–4, softens the spectrum (no filter hardening) and makes it more uniform across the field, gives a forward-peaked (conical) profile, and reduces head scatter and out-of-field dose.
10When computing dose in heterogeneous tissues such as lung and bone, how does a Collapsed Cone Convolution (CCC) algorithm achieve superior accuracy compared to a standard Pencil Beam Convolution (PBC) algorithm?
A.It ignores electron density and uses only water-equivalent path length
B.It solves the full Boltzmann transport equation without discretization
C.It transports energy along discrete cone directions with density scaling
D.It measures patient ionization in real time with the portal imager
Explanation: Collapsed Cone Convolution/Superposition (CCC/S) groups all energy deposition kernels into discrete spherical cones originating from each primary interaction point. It scales the kernel radially along the lines of each cone according to the local electron density, accurately modeling 3D lateral electronic disequilibrium at tissue interfaces (such as lung-tumor boundaries), whereas pencil beam algorithms only scale along the primary ray axis.

About the Sweden Medical Physicist Knowledge Test (Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker) Exam

Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker is Socialstyrelsen's knowledge test for medical physicists educated outside the EU/EEA who want a Swedish licence. Göteborgs universitet runs a written test of explanatory and calculation tasks and a two-day practical laboratory test, both in Göteborg. This page offers independent English-language practice for the knowledge areas the test covers.

Exam sponsor: Göteborgs universitet on behalf of Socialstyrelsen (National Board of Health and Welfare). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Written test (Göteborg, scheduled on demand): explanatory questions and calculation tasks across medical physics. Practical test (Göteborg): laboratory tasks over two full days in hospital and laboratory settings.

Time Limit

Written test about one working day (09.00–16.00 in the 2022 example); practical test two full days

Passing Score

Written test must be passed before the practical test; pass marks not published

Exam / Certification Fees

No examination fee published (SEK 990 Socialstyrelsen application fee for the earlier education review)

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

30 practice questions

Radiotherapy physics and dosimetry

Dosimetry protocols, linac physics, planning algorithms, QA, brachytherapy and protons.

25 practice questions

Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging

Gamma camera, SPECT and PET physics, quantification, dosimetry and QC.

20 practice questions

Diagnostic x-ray physics and MRI

X-ray production, detectors, CT dosimetry and MRI physics.

15 practice questions

Radiation protection, dosimetry and regulations

Principles, Swedish limits and areas, dosimeters, shielding and reporting.

10 practice questions

Radiobiology and calculations

LQ model, BED/EQD2 and core physics calculations.

Preparing for the Sweden Medical Physicist Knowledge Test (Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker) Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Written test must be passed before the practical test; pass marks not published
  • Assessment: Written test (Göteborg, scheduled on demand): explanatory questions and calculation tasks across medical physics. Practical test (Göteborg): laboratory tasks over two full days in hospital and laboratory settings.
  • Time limit: Written test about one working day (09.00–16.00 in the 2022 example); practical test two full days
  • Exam / certification fees: No examination fee published (SEK 990 Socialstyrelsen application fee for the earlier education review) Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Sweden Medical Physicist Knowledge Test (Kunskapsprov för sjukhusfysiker): Suggested Study Strategy

1Work through the 2022 example written test and practise writing full explanations and step-by-step calculations.
2Use the literature from Göteborgs universitet's medical physics programme courses, which the organizer recommends.
3Know the main protocols and reports: IAEA TRS-398 and TRS-483, AAPM TG-43, TG-142 and TG-218, ICRP 103 and MIRD.
4Learn the Swedish radiation protection framework: strålskyddslagen, strålskyddsförordningen and SSM's regulations (SSMFS 2018:1 and 2018:5).
5Prepare for the practical days by rehearsing reference dosimetry, QA measurements and nuclear medicine QC procedures.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is the written test structured?

It contains explanatory questions and calculation tasks covering the knowledge needed to work as a medical physicist in Sweden. The example Göteborgs universitet publishes (4 March 2022) had 21 tasks over a 09.00–16.00 sitting, grouped into nuclear physics and detectors, dosimetry, radiobiology and radiation protection, medicine and imaging/MR physics, nuclear medicine, x-ray and radiotherapy physics, and scientific method, with radiation physics tables, an approved calculator and handbooks allowed.

What is the practical test?

After passing the written test you carry out laboratory tasks that show you can apply the theory, over two full days in hospital and laboratory settings in Göteborg. Some tasks may be scheduled in the evening because of access to clinical equipment.

When are the tests held?

Both parts are scheduled on demand: after your interest registration and Socialstyrelsen's confirmation, Göteborgs universitet agrees the dates with you.

How many attempts do I get?

Socialstyrelsen's rules allow five attempts at the theoretical test and three at the practical test within five years of the first sitting. Göteborgs universitet's page states three attempts for each part, so confirm the current rule with the organizer.

Is the test available in English?

No. Socialstyrelsen states that the knowledge test is in Swedish. This bank is an English-language multiple-choice study adaptation: it helps you review the knowledge areas but is not an official translation, and it cannot simulate the written explanatory answers or the practical test.