PracticeVideosBlogFlashcardsEspañol
All Practice Exams

Free Practice Questions for BAC Economics

Exam-style questions and explanations by OpenExamPrep.

✓ No registration✓ No credit card
100+ Questions
100% Free

Loading practice questions...

Same family resources

Explore More Romania National Baccalaureate Examinations (Examenul Național de Bacalaureat)

Continue into nearby exams from the same family. Each card keeps practice questions, study guides, flashcards, videos, and articles in one place.

Romania Bacalaureat — Istorie

Practice Questions

Romania Bacalaureat — Anatomie și fiziologie umană, genetică și ecologie umană

Practice Questions

Romania Bacalaureat — Biologie

Practice Questions

Romania Bacalaureat — Chimie

Practice Questions

Romania Bacalaureat — Fizică

Practice Questions

Romania Bacalaureat — Geografie

Practice Questions

Sample BAC Economics Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the BAC Economics exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which of the following statements correctly characterizes human economic needs in relation to available economic resources?
A.Economic needs are unlimited in number and continuously expanding, while resources are relatively scarce and limited.
B.Economic needs are static and finite, whereas economic resources are virtually inexhaustible.
C.Economic needs diminish as human society develops technological production capabilities.
D.Both economic needs and economic resources are strictly limited and decrease over time.
Explanation: The fundamental tension of economics is scarcity: human needs (trebuințe) are dynamic, renewable, and virtually unlimited, whereas the resources available to satisfy them are limited and scarce. This permanent divergence forces economic agents to make rational choices and optimize resource allocation.
2What is the defining distinction between free goods (bunuri libere) and economic goods (bunuri economice)?
A.Free goods are offered directly by nature in quantities that exceed immediate human needs without requiring production costs, while economic goods are scarce and require productive effort.
B.Free goods have a positive market price set by public authorities, whereas economic goods are distributed free of charge.
C.Free goods are manufactured exclusively by state-owned enterprises, while economic goods are produced by private firms.
D.Free goods are durable consumer goods, whereas economic goods consist entirely of perishable raw materials.
Explanation: Free goods (like atmospheric air or natural sunshine under normal conditions) exist in abundance relative to needs and do not require economic effort or monetary payment to obtain. In contrast, economic goods are scarce, involve production costs, and command an exchange value.
3A production facility reallocates its fixed machinery and labor force. In doing so, it reduces its production of good A from 500 units to 420 units in order to increase its production of good B from 200 units to 240 units. What is the opportunity cost per unit of good B produced?
A.2 units of good A
B.0.5 units of good A
C.80 units of good A
D.40 units of good A
Explanation: Opportunity cost measures the sacrifice made to acquire an additional unit of another good: Cop = -ΔA / ΔB. Here, ΔA = 420 - 500 = -80 units, and ΔB = 240 - 200 = +40 units. Thus, Cop = 80 / 40 = 2 units of good A for every unit of good B gained.
4According to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility (Gossen's First Law), as an individual consumes successive identical units of a given economic good during a specific time interval:
A.Marginal utility decreases, while total utility increases at a diminishing rate until reaching saturation.
B.Both marginal utility and total utility increase exponentially.
C.Marginal utility remains constant, while total utility declines steadily.
D.Total utility decreases immediately from the first consumed unit.
Explanation: Gossen's First Law states that the satisfaction derived from each additional unit of a consumed good declines as consumer need approaches saturation. Consequently, marginal utility (Umg) diminishes, while total utility (Ut) grows at a decelerating pace until Umg reaches zero at maximum total satisfaction.
5A consumer records total utility values of 25, 45, 60, and 70 utils for consuming 1, 2, 3, and 4 glasses of fruit juice, respectively. What is the marginal utility of the 3rd glass of juice?
A.15 utils
B.20 utils
C.60 utils
D.10 utils
Explanation: Marginal utility is the additional satisfaction obtained by consuming one extra unit of a good: Umg = ΔUt / ΔQ. For the 3rd glass, Umg3 = Ut3 - Ut2 = 60 - 45 = 15 utils.
6A consumer has 40 RON and can buy whole units of X at 4 RON each and Y at 8 RON each, with at most five units of either good available. Marginal utilities are X: 20, 16, 12, 8, 4 and Y: 48, 32, 24, 16, 8. Assuming utilities add across goods, which bundle maximizes total utility?
A.2 units of X and 4 units of Y
B.4 units of X and 3 units of Y
C.6 units of X and 2 units of Y
D.5 units of X and 2 units of Y
Explanation: Four X and three Y cost 4 × 4 + 3 × 8 = 40 RON. Their total utility is (20 + 16 + 12 + 8) + (48 + 32 + 24) = 160, exceeding the 156 from two X and four Y and the 140 from five X and two Y. Checking the affordable integer bundles gives this maximum; equality of marginal-utility ratios is not required at a discrete optimum.
7A consumer attains economic equilibrium while buying goods A and B. Good A has a price PA = 10 RON and provides a marginal utility of 30 utils. If the market price of good B is PB = 5 RON, what must be the marginal utility of good B (UmgB) at equilibrium?
A.15 utils
B.60 utils
C.10 utils
D.30 utils
Explanation: The condition for consumer equilibrium (Gossen's Second Law) states that UmgA / PA = UmgB / PB. Substituting the known values: 30 / 10 = UmgB / 5 => 3 = UmgB / 5 => UmgB = 15 utils.
8The Law of Demand states that, ceteris paribus (holding all other relevant factors constant):
A.There is an inverse relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.
B.There is a direct positive relationship between consumer income and the market price of a good.
C.There is an inverse relationship between production cost and the quantity offered by sellers.
D.Quantity demanded changes independently of any price movements.
Explanation: The general law of demand specifies that when the price of a good decreases, the quantity demanded increases; conversely, when the price increases, the quantity demanded decreases, assuming all other economic parameters remain unchanged.
9Which of the following events will cause a rightward shift of the entire demand curve for a normal good X?
A.An increase in the average real income of consumers
B.A decrease in the market selling price of good X
C.An increase in the price of a complementary good Y
D.A widespread shift in consumer preferences away from good X
Explanation: A shift of the demand curve is caused by non-price determinants. For a normal good, an increase in consumer income enhances purchasing capacity and shifts the entire curve to the right. In contrast, a decrease in the price of good X produces an expansion of quantity demanded along the existing curve.
10When the price of a product increases from 10 RON to 12 RON, the quantity demanded falls from 100 units to 70 units. Using the initial price and quantity as the percentage-change bases, what is the coefficient of price elasticity of demand (Kec/p), and how is demand classified?
A.Kec/p = 1.5; demand is price-elastic.
B.Kec/p = 0.67; demand is price-inelastic.
C.Kec/p = 1.0; demand has unit elasticity.
D.Kec/p = 2.0; demand is perfectly elastic.
Explanation: The formula for price elasticity of demand is Kec/p = - (%ΔQ / %ΔP). Here, %ΔP = (12 - 10) / 10 = +20%, and %ΔQ = (70 - 100) / 100 = -30%. Therefore, Kec/p = - (-30% / +20%) = 1.5. Because Kec/p > 1, demand is elastic with respect to price.

About the BAC Economics Exam

Independent practice for Examenul Național de Bacalaureat, Economie (Proba E.d). Independent English-language MCQ study adaptation. It is not an official translation, an official-format simulation, or a substitute for Romanian-language reading and writing, full worked solutions, or oral and practical preparation. Romanian is confirmed. Candidates who studied a subject in a minority language may request that language under the methodology; availability depends on the subject and route. Show calculations and explain economic assumptions in complete written answers.

Exam sponsor: Ministerul Educației și Cercetării / Centrul Național pentru Curriculum și Evaluare (CNCE). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Question count not published by the exam provider

Time Limit

180 minutes (3 hours)

Passing Score

At least 5/10 in every written paper and an overall written mean of at least 6/10, with required competence assessments completed or recognised. The methodology rounds an overall 5.99 to 6.00.

Exam / Certification Fees

First two Bacalaureat presentations are free; later presentations carry an annually set fee. A current later-attempt amount is not confirmed here.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

Not officially weighted here

Consumer behaviour

Needs, resources, utility, opportunity cost and demand.

Not officially weighted here

Producer behaviour

Property, factors, productivity, costs, supply and profit.

Not officially weighted here

Markets

Competition, prices, money, capital and labour markets.

Preparing for the BAC Economics Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: At least 5/10 in every written paper and an overall written mean of at least 6/10, with required competence assessments completed or recognised. The methodology rounds an overall 5.99 to 6.00.
  • Assessment: Question count not published by the exam provider
  • Time limit: 180 minutes (3 hours)
  • Exam / certification fees: First two Bacalaureat presentations are free; later presentations carry an annually set fee. A current later-attempt amount is not confirmed here. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

BAC Economics: Suggested Study Strategy

1Show calculations and explain economic assumptions in complete written answers.
2Use official papers and marking schemes for the applicable profile. Practise writing complete answers under the three-hour limit.
3Use the questions to identify gaps, then explain why each alternative fails without looking at the feedback.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this the official examination format or an official translation?

Independent English-language MCQ study adaptation. It is not an official translation, an official-format simulation, or a substitute for Romanian-language reading and writing, full worked solutions, or oral and practical preparation.

What else does the full Bacalaureat require?

Other written papers and required competence assessments: Romanian oral communication, mother-tongue oral communication where applicable, a studied foreign language and digital competence. These must be completed or formally recognised. The subject bank does not replace them.

Which paper and language should I prepare for?

Romanian is confirmed. Candidates who studied a subject in a minority language may request that language under the methodology; availability depends on the subject and route. Show calculations and explain economic assumptions in complete written answers.