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Key Facts: Poland Category D1 Theory Test Exam

32 questions

20 basic + 12 specialist

Dz.U. 2023 poz. 2659

68/74

Points needed to pass

Dz.U. 2023 poz. 2659

25 min

Exam time

WORD Warszawa

Maximum people including the driver

Act on Vehicle Drivers, art. 6

21 / 18

Standard minimum age / with initial qualification (domestic)

Act on Vehicle Drivers, arts. 8–9

56 days

Tachograph records to carry

Regulation (EU) No 165/2014, art. 36

Poland's category D1 theory exam is a 25-minute WORD computer test with 32 questions: 20 yes/no basic questions and 12 specialist questions with three answers. You need 68 of 74 points. Candidates need category B, medical and psychological certificates and must be 21, or 18 with initial qualification for domestic transport since 3 September 2026. These independent English practice questions are not the official catalogue.

Sample Poland Category D1 Theory Test Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Poland Category D1 Theory Test exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which driving licence category must a candidate already possess before applying for Category D1 in Poland?

A.Category AM

B.Category A2

C.Category B

D.Category C1

Explanation: To obtain category D1 the candidate must already hold a category B licence. D1 covers buses for up to 17 people including the driver and no longer than 8 m, with a light trailer.

2Under Article 8 of the Act on Vehicle Drivers, what is the standard minimum age for category D1?

A.18 years

B.20 years

C.21 years

D.24 years

Explanation: Article 8(1)(6) of the Act on Vehicle Drivers sets 21 as the minimum age for categories C, C+E, D1 and D1+E. Article 9 allows lower ages for drivers with initial qualification (kwalifikacja wstępna).

3Since 3 September 2026, from what age may a driver with initial qualification (kwalifikacja wstępna) drive D1 vehicles in road transport carried out within Poland?

A.17

B.18

C.20

D.21

Explanation: The Act of 17 October 2025 (Dz.U. 2025 poz. 1676) added Article 9(1)(3) to the Act on Vehicle Drivers: from 3 September 2026 the minimum age for D1 and D1+E is 18 when road transport is carried out within Poland. Otherwise the standard age of 21 applies.

4Which certificates must a candidate for a category D1 licence obtain?

A.Both an official medical certificate and a psychological fitness certificate

B.Only an eyesight test certificate from an optician

C.A candidate-completed medical questionnaire without a physician consultation

D.A certificate of completed military service

Explanation: Article 11(1)(2) of the Act on Vehicle Drivers requires a medical certificate for every category and a psychological certificate for every category except AM, A1, A2, A, B1, B, B+E and T. A D1 candidate needs both.

5What does the code 95 endorsement on a driving licence signify for a Category D1 holder?

A.Professional qualification for carrying passengers by road

B.Permission to tow heavy commercial freight trailers exceeding 3,500 kg

C.Exemption from EU driving time and rest period limits on domestic trips

D.Authority to operate an emergency ambulance vehicle with blue flashing lights

Explanation: Code 95 indicates that the driver holds the mandatory professional qualification and completes required 5-year periodic training to drive passenger vehicles professionally for hire or reward.

6What is the maximum passenger carrying capacity authorized by a Category D1 driving licence in Poland?

A.Up to 8 passengers excluding driver

B.Up to 24 passengers plus the driver

C.Any passenger bus with no capacity limit

D.Up to 16 passengers plus the driver

Explanation: Category D1 authorizes driving a minibus constructed and equipped to carry no more than 17 persons including the driver (up to 16 passengers plus the driver).

7What is the maximum vehicle length permitted for a minibus operated under a Category D1 licence?

A.7.0 metres

B.8.0 metres

C.10.0 metres

D.12.0 metres

Explanation: Category D1 defines a minibus as having an overall vehicle length not exceeding 8.0 metres in addition to the 17-person capacity limit.

8What type of trailer is a Category D1 licence holder authorized to tow without holding Category D1+E?

A.A light trailer up to 750 kg DMC

B.Any trailer up to 1,500 kg maximum authorized mass

C.A commercial cargo trailer up to 2,500 kg

D.No trailer of any kind may be towed behind a minibus

Explanation: A Category D1 licence permits towing a light trailer with a maximum permissible weight (DMC) up to 750 kg. Trailers exceeding 750 kg require Category D1+E.

9How many fire extinguishers must a bus longer than 6 m carry under the Polish vehicle technical regulation?

A.One, kept anywhere in the vehicle

B.Three, all mounted outside the vehicle

C.Two: one near the driver, one in the passenger area

D.None, if an automatic engine-bay suppression system is fitted

Explanation: § 18(1)(3) of the vehicle technical regulation requires a bus to carry two extinguishers, one as close as possible to the driver and the other inside the bus where it is easy to reach. A bus up to 6 m long may carry just one.

10What requirement applies to the first-aid kit (apteczka doraźnej pomocy) in a minibus carrying passengers in Poland?

A.It is mandatory and must be easily accessible to the crew and passengers

B.It is optional and recommended only for international tourist excursions

C.It is required only if the scheduled route exceeds 100 kilometres

D.It must be locked securely inside the driver personal luggage bag

Explanation: § 18(1)(5) of the vehicle technical regulation lists a first-aid kit (apteczka doraźnej pomocy) among the required equipment of a bus. It should be easy to reach in an emergency.

About the Poland Category D1 Theory Test Exam

The category D1 theory exam is Poland's state computer test for minibuses carrying up to 17 people including the driver, held at WORD centres under the Act on Vehicle Drivers and the 2023 examination regulation (Dz.U. 2023 poz. 2659). It has 32 questions in 25 minutes and a pass mark of 68 of 74 points, and WORD offers it in Polish, English and German as well as Polish Sign Language. OpenExamPrep's bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation: every item has four options, so it is not an official translation and does not simulate the yes/no and three-option format of the real exam.

Exam sponsor: Wojewódzki ośrodek ruchu drogowego (WORD). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

20 basic questions answered yes or no and 12 category D1 specialist questions with one correct answer out of three; questions are worth 1, 2 or 3 points, for a 74-point maximum.

Time Limit

25 minutes

Passing Score

68 of 74 points

Exam / Certification Fees

Set by each voivodeship since 1 January 2026; 56.98 PLN at WORD Warszawa

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

23 of 100 practice questions

Passenger Safety & Carrying Children

Seat belts and informing passengers, standing places, luggage, doors, wheelchair users, the yellow children plates and the D-15 bus stop rule.

17 of 100 practice questions

Drivers' Hours & Tachographs

Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 driving, break and rest limits, rest compensation, driver cards, card slots and the 56-day record rule.

17 of 100 practice questions

Road Operations & Speed Limits

Bus speed limits, the 100 km/h conditions, leaving bus stops, following distances, tunnels, columns, towing and railway crossings.

16 of 100 practice questions

Bus Equipment & Technology

Fire extinguishers, first-aid kit, emergency exits and door releases, air brakes, retarders, tyres, speed limiters and periodic inspections.

15 of 100 practice questions

Emergencies & First Aid

Bus fires, evacuation, accident scenes, the warning triangle, emergency numbers, CPR, AEDs, bleeding and spinal injuries.

8 of 100 practice questions

Licence Scope & Requirements

What category D1 covers, minimum ages, certificates and Code 95.

4 of 100 practice questions

Defensive Driving

Blind spots, tail swing, off-tracking and long descents.

Preparing for the Poland Category D1 Theory Test Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 68 of 74 points
Assessment: 20 basic questions answered yes or no and 12 category D1 specialist questions with one correct answer out of three; questions are worth 1, 2 or 3 points, for a 74-point maximum.
Time limit: 25 minutes
Exam / certification fees: Set by each voivodeship since 1 January 2026; 56.98 PLN at WORD Warszawa Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
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Poland Category D1 Theory Test: Suggested Study Strategy

1Learn the D1 limits: up to 17 people including the driver, no longer than 8 m, and a trailer of up to 750 kg.

2Know the bus equipment rules: two fire extinguishers (one if the bus is no longer than 6 m), a first-aid kit, an interior mirror and, on buses over 6 m, emergency exits kept clear.

3Remember the children plates: square yellow plates with a black children symbol, hazard lights on while children get on or off, and plates removed when no children are carried.

4Learn the drivers' hours limits and that tachograph records must cover the current day and the previous 56 days.

5A bus must have its first periodic inspection within 1 year of first registration and then every 6 months.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is the category D1 theory exam structured?

It has 32 questions: 20 basic questions answered yes or no and 12 specialist questions with one correct answer out of three. Questions are worth 1, 2 or 3 points, up to 74 points, and you have 25 minutes.

What vehicles does category D1 cover?

Buses designed to carry no more than 17 people including the driver and no longer than 8 m, with a light trailer of up to 750 kg. A heavier trailer needs category D1+E.

How old must I be for category D1?

The standard minimum age is 21. Since 3 September 2026, a driver with initial qualification (kwalifikacja wstępna) may drive D1 vehicles from 18 when the road transport is carried out within Poland.

What else do I need before taking the exam?

A category B licence, a medical certificate and a psychological certificate, plus a candidate profile (PKK) from the starosta and the driving-school course.

In which languages can I take the exam?

WORD offers the D1 theory exam in Polish, English and German, and with Polish Sign Language. Ukrainian is offered only for categories B, B1, C and C1.

How fast may a bus travel on a motorway?

80 km/h, or 100 km/h on motorways and expressways for a bus that meets the additional technical conditions in § 23 of the vehicle technical regulation.

Is this practice bank the official exam?

No. It is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation of the Polish rules for category D1. Every question has four options, so it is not an official translation and does not reproduce the real exam's yes/no and three-option format or its question catalogue.

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