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100+ Free CAQ-CVTS Practice Questions

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In a tension pneumothorax, the most appropriate immediate intervention is:

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to track
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Key Facts: CAQ-CVTS Exam

120

Total Items

NCCPA CAQ

3 hrs

Exam Time

NCCPA

$350

Exam Fee

NCCPA

3,000 hrs

Practice Required

Prior 6 yrs CVTS-PA

NCCPA CAQ-CVTS is the PA subspecialty credential for cardiac/thoracic surgery practice. 120 items, 3 hours, $350. Eligibility: 3,000 hours CVTS practice + 150 CME in CVTS. Master STS risk modeling, CABG vs PCI guidelines (SYNTAX, EXCEL), valve repair/TAVR criteria, lung-resection eligibility, and ICU management of post-cardiotomy patients.

Sample CAQ-CVTS Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your CAQ-CVTS exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 68-year-old man is being evaluated for elective CABG. Which scoring system is most widely used in the United States to predict 30-day operative mortality for cardiac surgery?
A.STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Risk Score
B.CHA2DS2-VASc
C.HAS-BLED
D.Wells score
Explanation: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Adult Cardiac Surgery Risk Score is the dominant US tool for 30-day mortality and morbidity risk after CABG, valve, and combined procedures.
2A patient is scheduled for non-cardiac surgery. Which tool is used to estimate perioperative cardiac risk based on history of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, insulin-dependent diabetes, creatinine >2.0 mg/dL, and high-risk surgery?
A.Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI)
B.STS score
C.EuroSCORE II
D.NYHA class
Explanation: RCRI (Lee Index) uses these six predictors to estimate perioperative MACE risk and is the cornerstone of preoperative cardiac evaluation per ACC/AHA guidelines.
3A 75-year-old woman on chronic metoprolol presents for elective CABG. Per ACC/AHA guidance, beta-blocker therapy should be:
A.Continued perioperatively
B.Stopped 7 days preop
C.Switched to clonidine
D.Started high-dose the morning of surgery if naive
Explanation: Patients on chronic beta-blockers should continue them through the perioperative period to avoid withdrawal-related ischemia and tachyarrhythmias.
4A patient on warfarin for a mechanical mitral valve requires elective CABG. Which is the most appropriate bridging strategy?
A.Stop warfarin 5 days preop and bridge with therapeutic heparin
B.Continue warfarin through surgery
C.Stop warfarin 24 hours preop, no bridging
D.Switch to apixaban one week preop
Explanation: High thromboembolic risk patients (mechanical mitral valve) should have warfarin held ~5 days preop with bridging unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin until surgery.
5Which preoperative test is most useful for evaluating functional capacity (METs) in a patient considering cardiac surgery?
A.Detailed activity history (e.g., climbing 2 flights of stairs)
B.Resting ECG
C.Chest x-ray
D.BNP level
Explanation: Functional capacity is assessed by activity history; >4 METs (e.g., climbing 2 flights of stairs) suggests acceptable cardiopulmonary reserve.
6An 80-year-old man with severe AS is being evaluated for TAVR vs SAVR. Which assessment tool best quantifies frailty and predicts adverse outcomes?
A.Gait speed (5-meter walk test)
B.Resting heart rate
C.Hand grip duration alone
D.Body mass index
Explanation: Slow 5-meter gait speed (>6 seconds) is a validated frailty marker that independently predicts mortality and morbidity in older cardiac surgery candidates.
7EuroSCORE II differs from the original additive EuroSCORE by:
A.Using logistic regression with updated contemporary outcomes
B.Excluding patient age
C.Being limited to off-pump CABG
D.Using only echocardiographic data
Explanation: EuroSCORE II is a logistic model recalibrated against contemporary European cardiac surgery cohorts to better reflect current operative mortality.
8Which preoperative pulmonary function value is most concerning for postoperative respiratory failure after lobectomy?
A.Predicted postoperative FEV1 <40%
B.FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.78
C.DLCO of 90% predicted
D.Resting SpO2 98% on room air
Explanation: Predicted postoperative FEV1 (or DLCO) <40% predicts a high risk of respiratory complications after lung resection and warrants further functional testing (e.g., VO2max).
9A patient has stable CAD and is scheduled for elective AAA repair. Recent stress testing shows no inducible ischemia. The next step is:
A.Proceed to surgery with optimized medical therapy
B.Routine preoperative coronary revascularization
C.Cancel surgery
D.Cardiac catheterization
Explanation: In stable patients without inducible ischemia, prophylactic coronary revascularization before non-cardiac surgery does not improve outcomes (CARP trial). Optimize medical therapy and proceed.
10A patient with a drug-eluting stent placed 9 months ago needs urgent CABG. Per current guidelines, dual antiplatelet therapy management should:
A.Continue aspirin perioperatively, hold P2Y12 inhibitor 5-7 days
B.Stop both aspirin and clopidogrel 14 days preop
C.Continue both DAPT through surgery
D.Stop aspirin only, continue clopidogrel
Explanation: Aspirin is generally continued through CABG to reduce MI and graft thrombosis; P2Y12 inhibitors (clopidogrel/ticagrelor) are held 5-7 days preop to reduce bleeding.

About the CAQ-CVTS Exam

NCCPA Certificate of Added Qualifications in Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery — for PAs practicing alongside CT/cardiac surgeons. Covers cardiac surgery (CABG, valve, TAVR/MitraClip patient selection), thoracic surgery (lung resection, esophagectomy, mediastinal disease), vascular surgery PA-relevant content, perioperative evaluation and risk stratification (STS, EuroSCORE II), critical care of the post-op patient, and CVTS-specific pharmacology and professional practice.

Questions

120 scored questions

Time Limit

3 hours

Passing Score

Scaled (NCCPA-set)

Exam Fee

$350 (NCCPA)

CAQ-CVTS Exam Content Outline

25%

Cardiac Surgery

CABG, valve repair/replacement, TAVR/MitraClip, congenital adult, transplant

16%

Thoracic Surgery

Lung resection, esophagectomy, mediastinal disease, chest wall, pleural

15%

Critical Care (CT-ICU)

Post-op cardiotomy, low-cardiac-output, vasopressors, mechanical support, weaning

15%

Preoperative Evaluation

STS risk score, EuroSCORE II, frailty, cardiac/pulm clearance, lab/imaging workup

15%

CVTS Pharmacology / Professional Practice

Anticoagulation, antiarrhythmics, transfusion stewardship, ethics, scope, QI

14%

Vascular Surgery (PA-Relevant)

AAA, carotid, peripheral revascularization, dialysis access, venous disease

How to Pass the CAQ-CVTS Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Scaled (NCCPA-set)
  • Exam length: 120 questions
  • Time limit: 3 hours
  • Exam fee: $350

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

CAQ-CVTS Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master the STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Risk Calculator inputs and how scores drive TAVR vs SAVR decisions
2Memorize CABG-favored anatomy (left main + high SYNTAX, 3VD + diabetes) and key trials (SYNTAX, FREEDOM, EXCEL, NOBLE, ISCHEMIA)
3Know post-cardiotomy ICU management: low-cardiac-output workup, IABP/Impella indications, post-op AFib (amiodarone + rate control + DOAC)
4Understand lung-resection eligibility: ppoFEV1 >40%, DLCO >40%, VO2 max >15 mL/kg/min — and the staging that supports lobectomy vs sublobar
5Know perioperative anticoagulation bridging — DOAC hold timing, warfarin reversal (PCC vs FFP + vitamin K), heparin vs bivalirudin in HIT

Frequently Asked Questions

Who should sit for CAQ-CVTS?

PAs with substantial CVTS practice — typically working with cardiothoracic surgery teams, CT-ICU, or cardiac cath/structural labs. Eligibility requires PA-C plus ≥3,000 hours CVTS-PA practice in the prior 6 years, ≥150 Category 1 CME in CVTS, and an experience attestation from a supervising surgeon.

CABG vs PCI — what should a CVTS PA know?

CABG is preferred over PCI for left main disease with high SYNTAX score (>32), three-vessel CAD with diabetes (FREEDOM trial), and complex multivessel disease. EXCEL and NOBLE trials examined left main PCI vs CABG with conflicting results — CABG retains edge for complex anatomy. Know SYNTAX scoring and the heart-team approach.

What does the STS risk score predict?

STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons) risk calculator predicts 30-day mortality and morbidity (stroke, renal failure, prolonged ventilation, deep wound infection, reoperation, prolonged LOS) for cardiac surgery. Inputs include age, comorbidities, ejection fraction, urgency. Used for risk stratification, informed consent, and TAVR vs SAVR decisions.

How should I study for CAQ-CVTS?

Plan 80-120 hours over 10-14 weeks. Work the NCCPA CAQ Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery content blueprint, drill weighted-domain practice questions, complete required Category 1 CME, and submit experience requirements (typically ≥3,000 hours specialty practice in the prior 6 years and ≥150 specialty CME) before sitting the exam.