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Exam Review

Key Facts: UKOM Sp.M Exam

10 Subject Fields

Published specialist education and competency scope

KKI Perkonsil No. 69/2020

3 Components

National assessment structure: UTUL (written), OSCE, and portfolio

Public KIKMI guide and university examination report

120 MCQs / 120 min

Documented written component for the 2021 online cycle; current cycle not published

KIKMI 2021 online national-exam guide

Ebel Method

Written pass boundary set after item analysis in the 2021 guide; current standard not published

KIKMI 2021 online national-exam guide

PPDS Sp.M

Ophthalmology specialist education

KKI Specialist Training Regulations

100 Practice MCQs

High-yield English study adaptation questions in this practice bank

OpenExamPrep

Independent UKOM Sp.M practice by OpenExamPrep. Public materials document written/UTUL, OSCE, and portfolio components, and Perkonsil No. 69 Tahun 2020 provides the competency scope. This 100-question bank is an English-language, four-option MCQ study adaptation; it is not an official translation or a simulation or substitute for the OSCE, portfolio interview, or surgical performance.

Sample UKOM Sp.M Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the UKOM Sp.M exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A 24-year-old soft contact lens wearer presents with severe ocular pain, photophobia, and decreased vision in the right eye. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy reveals a dense central stromal suppurative ulcer measuring 3.5 mm with a thick mucopurulent greenish exudate, ground-glass stromal edema, and a 1.5 mm hypopyon in the anterior chamber. Corneal scrapings show Gram-negative rods. What is the most likely causative pathogen?
A.Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B.Staphylococcus aureus
C.Streptococcus pneumoniae
D.Moraxella lacunata
Explanation: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important aggressive cause of contact-lens-associated microbial keratitis. Gram-negative rods, rapid stromal suppuration, and greenish mucopurulent material make it the best choice here. Clinical appearance alone is not organism-specific, and a hypopyon reflects anterior chamber inflammation rather than proving sterility; corneal scraping, culture, and susceptibility testing guide definitive therapy.
2What is the recommended empirical first-line topical antimicrobial therapy for a large (>2 mm), visually threatening central bacterial corneal ulcer with anterior chamber hypopyon pending microbiological culture and sensitivity results?
A.Fortified broad-spectrum topical antibiotics (e.g., fortified vancomycin 25–50 mg/mL alternating hourly with fortified tobramycin 14 mg/mL or ceftazidime 50 mg/mL)
B.Standard commercial ciprofloxacin 0.3% monotherapy dosed every 6 hours
C.Immediate initiation of topical fortified dexamethasone 0.1% drops hourly
D.Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate monotherapy without topical eyedrops
Explanation: For severe, sight-threatening, central, or large (>2 mm) microbial corneal ulcers with hypopyon, international ophthalmic guidelines recommend dual therapy with fortified broad-spectrum topical antibiotics. The regimen typically combines a fortified Gram-positive agent (vancomycin 25–50 mg/mL or cefazolin 50 mg/mL) and a fortified Gram-negative agent (tobramycin 14 mg/mL or ceftazidime 50 mg/mL) applied alternately every 30 to 60 minutes around the clock initially.
3A 42-year-old agricultural laborer sustained a corneal abrasion from a tree branch in a palm oil plantation in Sumatra 5 days ago. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy reveals a grayish-white stromal infiltrate with feathery, indistinct borders, multiple discrete satellite lesions in the adjacent clear stroma, an elevated endothelial plaque, and a non-responsive hypopyon. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.Fungal keratitis (filamentous keratomycosis)
B.Acanthamoeba keratitis
C.Herpes simplex epithelial dendritic keratitis
D.Marginal staphylococcal keratitis
Explanation: Filamentous fungal keratitis (most commonly caused by Fusarium or Aspergillus species) classically develops following vegetative agricultural trauma in tropical or subtropical climates. Characteristic biomicroscopic features include dry, grayish-white elevated stromal infiltrates with feathery or hyphated borders, distinct satellite lesions surrounding the primary ulcer, an immune ring (Wessely ring), and endothelial inflammatory plaques underlying the lesion.
4What is the drug of choice for the topical treatment of confirmed filamentous fungal keratitis (e.g., Fusarium solani)?
A.Natamycin 5% ophthalmic suspension
B.Ganciclovir 0.15% ophthalmic gel
C.Polymyxin B - trimethoprim solution
D.Fluconazole 0.2% monotherapy
Explanation: Natamycin 5% suspension is the gold-standard, FDA-approved, first-line topical antifungal agent for filamentous fungal keratitis (such as Fusarium and Aspergillus), proven superior to topical voriconazole in the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial (MUTT I). Natamycin is a tetraene polyene that binds to fungal membrane ergosterol, disrupting cell membrane permeability.
5A soft contact lens wearer who admits to rinsing lens cases in tap water presents with excruciating, severe ocular pain disproportionate to early mild slit-lamp findings. Biomicroscopy shows perineural stromal infiltrates (radial keratoneuritis) along corneal nerve branches. What infectious entity is indicated?
A.Acanthamoeba keratitis
B.Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis
C.Chlamydia trachomatis keratoconjunctivitis
D.Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (Adenovirus)
Explanation: Acanthamoeba keratitis is strongly associated with contact-lens exposure to water. Severe pain out of proportion to early findings and radial keratoneuritis are characteristic clues, and a ring infiltrate may appear later. Neither feature is pathognomonic; diagnosis is confirmed with appropriate microscopy, culture, confocal microscopy, or molecular testing according to local capability.
6Which combination of topical biocidal agents is the established first-line medical therapy for Acanthamoeba keratitis to eradicate both trophozoites and encysted forms?
A.Biguanides (polyhexamethylene biguanide 0.02% or chlorhexidine 0.02%) combined with diamidines (propamidine isethionate 0.1% or brolene)
B.Topical natamycin 5% monotherapy combined with oral acyclovir
C.Fortified vancomycin 50 mg/mL combined with topical moxifloxacin
D.Topical ketorolac 0.5% combined with topical fluorometholone
Explanation: Medical cure of Acanthamoeba keratitis requires dual therapy with cationic antiseptics capable of penetrating the double-walled cyst coat. The proven regimen pairs a biguanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide [PHMB] 0.02% or chlorhexidine 0.02%) with a diamidine (propamidine isethionate 0.1% or hexamidine 0.1%), administered hourly day and night initially and continued for months to ensure cyst eradication.
7A 35-year-old male presents with unilateral red eye, foreign body sensation, and blurred vision. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy with fluorescein staining reveals a true dendritic epithelial ulcer with linear branching, central ulceration, and terminal end-bulbs that stain brilliantly with fluorescein. Corneal esthesiometry shows diminished sensation. Which pharmacological agent is strictly contraindicated?
A.Topical corticosteroid drops (e.g., prednisolone acetate 1%)
B.Topical ganciclovir 0.15% ophthalmic gel
C.Oral acyclovir 400 mg five times daily
D.Preservative-free artificial tear lubricants
Explanation: Topical corticosteroids are absolutely contraindicated in active herpes simplex virus (HSV) epithelial keratitis (dendritic or geographic ulcer). Corticosteroids suppress local cellular immunity, potentiating rampant viral replication that rapidly transforms a delicate dendritic ulcer into a large, destructive 'geographic' or 'amoeboid' ulcer, substantially increasing the risk of stromal melting and corneal perforation.
8In a patient presenting with facial Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO), the presence of herpetic vesicles on the tip and side of the nose (Hutchinson's sign) indicates involvement of which specific nerve branch?
A.Nasociliary nerve (branch of the ophthalmic division, CN V1)
B.Frontal nerve (branch of CN V1)
C.Lacrimal nerve (branch of CN V1)
D.Infraorbital nerve (branch of the maxillary division, CN V2)
Explanation: Hutchinson's sign is the appearance of zoster skin lesions on the tip, side, or ala of the nose. This cutaneous territory is innervated by the external nasal branch of the nasociliary nerve, which is a division of CN V1. Because the nasociliary nerve also provides sensory innervation to the cornea, ciliary body, and iris, a positive Hutchinson's sign correlates with a three- to four-fold increased risk of serious intraocular involvement (keratitis, anterior uveitis, trabeculitis).
9A 65-year-old female presents with bilateral painless morning visual blurring that improves gradually over the day. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy reveals central corneal guttae with a 'beaten metal' appearance on the endothelial surface, accompanied by early central stromal edema. Specular microscopy demonstrates endothelial cell polymegathism and pleomorphism with a cell density of 750 cells/mm2. What is the diagnosis?
A.Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy
B.Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy
C.Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy
D.Granular corneal dystrophy type 1
Explanation: Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by progressive loss of corneal endothelial cells and abnormal excrescences of Descemet's membrane (corneal guttae), imparting a classic 'beaten metal' or 'orange peel' appearance on specular reflection. When endothelial cell density drops below the critical functional reserve (~500–800 cells/mm2), the endothelial pump fails to balance stromal imbibition, causing corneal edema that is worst in the morning due to overnight eyelid closure preventing tear evaporation.
10Which of the following correctly pairs the classical corneal stromal dystrophy with its histological deposit and specific histological special stain?
A.Macular dystrophy — Glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides) — Alcian blue
B.Lattice dystrophy — Hyaline deposits — Masson trichrome
C.Granular dystrophy — Amyloid deposits — Congo red
D.Macular dystrophy — Phospholipids — Oil Red O
Explanation: The mnemonic 'Marilyn Monroe Always Gets Her Man in L.A. County' summarizes classic stromal dystrophies: Macular dystrophy (autosomal recessive, CHST6 gene) deposits Mucopolysaccharides (glycosaminoglycans) staining positive with Alcian blue (and colloidal iron); Granular dystrophy deposits Hyaline staining bright red with Masson trichrome; Lattice dystrophy deposits Amyloid staining with Congo red (displaying apple-green birefringence under polarized light).

About the UKOM Sp.M Exam

The Uji Kompetensi Dokter Spesialis Mata (UKOM Sp.M) is a national specialist assessment within Indonesian Ophthalmology education. Perkonsil No. 69 Tahun 2020 supplies the official competency scope, while public KIKMI and university materials document written/UTUL, OSCE, and portfolio components. The current Health Ministry framework places nationally standardized specialist competency examinations with higher-education providers working with the relevant kolegium. This 100-question practice set is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation with explanations.

Exam sponsor: Indonesian higher-education providers in cooperation with Kolegium Kesehatan Mata; public format materials use the historical KIKMI/KOI names. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Public KIKMI and university materials document written/UTUL, OSCE, and portfolio components. The 2021 online guide used 120 CBT clinical-vignette MCQs; current-cycle delivery method, item count, and station count were not published in the sources reviewed.

Time Limit

The 2021 online guide allowed 120 minutes for its 120-question written component. Current-cycle time limits were not published in the sources reviewed.

Passing Score

The 2021 guide set the written passing boundary after item analysis using the Ebel method, not a fixed public percentage. A current-cycle standard was not published in the sources reviewed.

Exam / Certification Fees

Not published in the official sources reviewed.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

20 practice questions

Cornea, External Eye Diseases & Refraction

Infectious keratitis (bacterial, fungal, viral, Acanthamoeba), corneal dystrophies and degenerations, keratoconus, ocular surface disease, dry eye syndromes, chemical burns, optics, refractive errors, and contact lens complications.

20 practice questions

Lens & Cataract Surgery

Cataract classification, biometry and intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas, phacoemulsification dynamics and technique, intraoperative complications (capsular rupture, dropped nucleus), and postoperative endophthalmitis prevention and management.

20 practice questions

Glaucoma & Intraocular Pressure Management

Primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure spectrum, secondary glaucomas (pseudoexfoliative, pigmentary, neovascular, uveitic), gonioscopy, perimetry interpretation, medical hypotensive therapies, laser trabeculoplasty/iridotomy, and incisional filtration surgery.

20 practice questions

Retina, Vitreous & Uveitis

Diabetic retinopathy and macular edema, retinal vascular occlusions, age-related macular degeneration, rhegmatogenous and non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, optical coherence tomography (OCT) interpretation, infectious and non-infectious uveitis, and posterior segment surgery.

20 practice questions

Neuro-Ophthalmology, Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus & Oculoplastics

Optic neuropathies (AION, NAION, optic neuritis, papilledema), pupillary abnormalities, cranial nerve palsies (III, IV, VI), strabismus and amblyopia management, leukocoria and retinoblastoma, orbital diseases, thyroid eye disease, eyelid malpositions, and trauma.

Preparing for the UKOM Sp.M Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: The 2021 guide set the written passing boundary after item analysis using the Ebel method, not a fixed public percentage. A current-cycle standard was not published in the sources reviewed.
  • Assessment: Public KIKMI and university materials document written/UTUL, OSCE, and portfolio components. The 2021 online guide used 120 CBT clinical-vignette MCQs; current-cycle delivery method, item count, and station count were not published in the sources reviewed.
  • Time limit: The 2021 online guide allowed 120 minutes for its 120-question written component. Current-cycle time limits were not published in the sources reviewed.
  • Exam / certification fees: Not published in the official sources reviewed. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

UKOM Sp.M: Suggested Study Strategy

1Master biometry principles and IOL formula selection, including fourth-generation and Barrett Universal II formulas for post-refractive or abnormal axial length eyes.
2Thoroughly review gonioscopy grading systems (Shaffer, Spaeth) and the emergency management of acute angle-closure glaucoma.
3Understand the differential diagnosis and initial corneal scrapings / stains for bacterial vs fungal vs Acanthamoeba keratitis.
4Memorize the diagnostic criteria and treatment regimens for wet AMD, diabetic macular edema, and central retinal vein occlusion.
5Review the clinical features differentiating arteritic (GCA) from non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), including systemic symptoms and inflammatory markers.
6Practice surgical complication management protocols, specifically posterior capsule rupture with vitreous loss and dropped nucleus.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the UKOM Sp.M examination in Indonesia?

The UKOM Sp.M is the national competency assessment within Indonesian Ophthalmology specialist education. Current rules place nationally standardized specialist competency examinations with higher-education providers working with the relevant kolegium; public format records use the historical KIKMI/KOI names.

What is the format of the official UKOM Sp.M examination?

Public KIKMI and university materials document a written/UTUL examination, OSCE, and portfolio assessment. A 2021 online guide used 120 CBT clinical-vignette MCQs in 120 minutes; the current cycle's delivery method, item count, duration, and station count were not published in the sources reviewed.

Who is eligible to take the UKOM Sp.M?

Candidates are doctors completing an Indonesian Ophthalmology specialist education program. Programs must verify completion of required workload and learning outcomes; the sources reviewed did not publish a current national-exam candidacy checklist.

What clinical subject areas are included in the official education standard?

Perkonsil No. 69 Tahun 2020 includes basic ophthalmic science, infection and immunology, refraction and visual optimization, cataract and refractive surgery, glaucoma, vitreoretina, reconstruction/oculoplasty/oncology, pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, neuro-ophthalmology, and community ophthalmology. It does not publish current item-level weights.

Are these official KIKMI/KOI examination questions?

No. This question bank is an independent English-language MCQ study adaptation developed by OpenExamPrep for self-assessment and exam review. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by KOI, KIKMI, PERDAMI, or KKI.

Why is this practice bank provided in English?

The questions are provided as an independent English-language four-option MCQ study adaptation for ophthalmic clinical reasoning and theoretical knowledge review, while preserving standard ophthalmologic terminology. It is not an official translation or a substitute for surgical wet-lab or OSCE practice.