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Exam Review

Key Facts: UKOM Sp.A Exam

Not published

National pass rate in sources reviewed

fkkmk.ugm.ac.id

3 Parts

National evaluation format: CBT MCQ, OSCE, and Structured Case Exam

pediatricfkuns.ac.id

7 Domains

Core clinical domains defined in Standar Nasional Pendidikan Sp.A

kkai.or.id

3-4 Periods

National evaluation periods conducted annually across host universities

kkai.or.id

UKOM Sp.A is Indonesia's national pediatric specialist competency exit examination organized by Kolegium Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Indonesia, with confirmed MCQ, OSCE, and Ujian Kasus Terstruktur components. This is independent UKOM Sp.A practice by OpenExamPrep: a 100-question English-language four-option MCQ study adaptation across the published pediatric competency areas, not an official translation, test copy, or substitute for OSCE or structured-case preparation.

Sample UKOM Sp.A Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the UKOM Sp.A exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A term male infant is delivered by emergency cesarean section for fetal distress. At birth he is limp, apneic, and cyanotic. The team dries, warms, positions the head, and clears secretions from the mouth and nose. At 30 seconds of life he is still apneic and the auscultated heart rate is 72 beats per minute. Following current neonatal resuscitation guidance (NRP 8th edition), what is the most appropriate next step?

A.Give positive pressure ventilation with 100% oxygen until the heart rate is above 100

B.Start chest compressions coordinated with ventilation at a 3:1 ratio

C.Start positive pressure ventilation with room air (21% oxygen)

D.Give intravenous epinephrine 0.02 mg/kg through an umbilical venous catheter

Explanation: A newborn who remains apneic or has a heart rate below 100 beats per minute after the initial steps needs positive pressure ventilation (PPV) within the first minute of life. For infants of 35 weeks' gestation or more, PPV starts with 21% oxygen, and a pulse oximeter on the right hand or wrist guides later oxygen titration to preductal saturation targets.

2A 36-week newborn receives positive pressure ventilation (PPV) by face mask for apnea and a heart rate of 50 beats per minute. After 15 seconds of PPV the heart rate is not improving and the chest is not moving. The team starts the ventilation corrective steps (MR. SOPA). What is the correct initial sequence?

A.Readjust the mask and reposition the head, then suction and open the mouth

B.Increase the inflation pressure first, then insert an alternative airway and suction

C.Suction the airway, then raise peak inspiratory pressure straight to 40 cmH2O

D.Intubate the trachea first, then readjust the mask and begin chest compressions

Explanation: When PPV does not move the chest or raise the heart rate, the NRP corrective steps (MR. SOPA) are done in order. M (mask readjustment for a tight seal) and R (repositioning the head to a neutral 'sniffing' position) come first. If the chest still does not rise, S (suction mouth and nose) and O (open the mouth) follow, then P (increase pressure in steps, to a maximum of about 40 cmH2O in term infants and 30 cmH2O in preterm infants) and finally A (an alternative airway such as an endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask).

3During resuscitation of a severely asphyxiated term infant, effective ventilation through an endotracheal tube has produced visible chest rise for 30 seconds, but the heart rate is 48 beats per minute. Coordinated chest compressions and ventilation with 100% oxygen at a 3:1 ratio are started. After 60 seconds of good-quality compressions the heart rate is 45 beats per minute. What is the recommended epinephrine dose and route?

A.Endotracheal epinephrine 0.02 mg/kg of 0.1 mg/mL solution, given without a saline flush

B.Intravenous epinephrine 0.1 mg/kg of 1 mg/mL solution through a peripheral cannula

C.Intramuscular epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg of 1 mg/mL solution into the anterolateral thigh

D.IV epinephrine 0.02 mg/kg of 0.1 mg/mL via umbilical venous catheter, then a saline flush

Explanation: In neonatal resuscitation the preferred epinephrine route is intravenous, usually through an emergency umbilical venous catheter, or intraosseous. The IV/IO dose is 0.02 mg/kg (range 0.01–0.03 mg/kg), which is 0.2 mL/kg of the 0.1 mg/mL (formerly '1:10,000') preparation, followed by a 3 mL normal saline flush so the drug reaches the central circulation.

4A 28-week preterm infant weighing 1,100 grams develops tachypnea (78 breaths/min), intercostal and subcostal retractions, expiratory grunting, and central cyanosis in room air within 20 minutes of birth. The chest radiograph shows diffuse fine reticulogranular ('ground-glass') opacities with air bronchograms and low lung volumes. What is the most appropriate initial respiratory management?

A.High-frequency oscillatory ventilation alone, withholding surfactant

B.Early nasal CPAP, with exogenous surfactant if oxygen needs rise

C.Intravenous dexamethasone with broad-spectrum antibiotics

D.Inhaled nitric oxide with fluid restriction to 40 mL/kg/day

Explanation: Diffuse ground-glass opacities with air bronchograms and low lung volumes in a 28-week infant indicate respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) caused by surfactant deficiency. Current practice starts early nasal CPAP (commonly 6–8 cmH2O) and gives exogenous surfactant, by INSURE (intubate-surfactant-extubate) or a less invasive technique such as LISA/MIST, when the oxygen requirement or work of breathing increases.

5An extremely low birth weight infant born at 26 weeks' gestation (850 grams) still needs supplemental oxygen and nasal CPAP at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. Examination shows tachypnea, mild retractions, and scattered crackles. Serial chest radiographs show patchy atelectasis alternating with hyperlucent cystic areas and hyperinflation. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.Meconium aspiration syndrome

B.Transient tachypnea of the newborn

C.Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

D.Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Explanation: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the chronic lung disease of prematurity, is diagnosed in infants born before 32 weeks who still need supplemental oxygen or positive-pressure support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. The modern ('new') form reflects arrested alveolar and vascular development after very preterm birth, compounded by ventilation, oxygen exposure, and inflammation.

6A 36-hour-old male infant born at 39 weeks to a blood group O positive mother is jaundiced down to the thighs. The infant is group A positive with a strongly positive direct antiglobulin (Coombs) test. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) is 17.5 mg/dL (direct 0.6 mg/dL), hemoglobin 12.2 g/dL, and reticulocytes 8.5%. On the AAP 2022 nomogram for his age and risk factors, this TSB is above the phototherapy threshold and within 2 mg/dL of the exchange-transfusion threshold. What is the most appropriate management?

A.Start standard phototherapy and repeat the bilirubin level in 12 to 24 hours

B.Proceed straight to double-volume exchange transfusion before any phototherapy

C.Escalate care: intensive phototherapy, IV fluids, TSB every 2 hours, consider IVIG

D.Give oral phenobarbital and replace some breastfeeds with dextrose water

Explanation: This is ABO isoimmune hemolytic disease (mother O, infant A, positive DAT, reticulocytosis). The 2022 AAP guideline sets an escalation-of-care threshold 2 mg/dL below the exchange-transfusion threshold. At or above it, the infant needs emergent intensive phototherapy, IV hydration, urgent labs (total and direct bilirubin, CBC, albumin, chemistries, type and crossmatch), TSB at least every 2 hours, and care in a unit able to perform exchange transfusion. IVIG 0.5–1 g/kg over 2 hours may be given in isoimmune hemolysis; exchange transfusion follows if TSB reaches the exchange threshold or signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy appear.

7A 4-day-old infant with untreated severe rhesus hemolytic disease is brought to the emergency department. The infant is lethargic, has a high-pitched cry, marked retrocollis and opisthotonos, and refuses feeds. Total serum bilirubin is 34 mg/dL. What is the immediate treatment of choice?

A.IVIG infusion over 12 hours alone, deferring exchange transfusion

B.Urgent double-volume exchange transfusion while phototherapy continues

C.Intensive phototherapy alone with aggressive intravenous hydration

D.Intravenous phenobarbital followed by an albumin infusion

Explanation: Retrocollis, opisthotonos, a high-pitched cry, and profound lethargy with a TSB of 34 mg/dL indicate intermediate-to-advanced acute bilirubin encephalopathy. An urgent double-volume exchange transfusion (about 160 mL/kg in a term infant), using Rh-negative blood crossmatched against maternal serum, rapidly removes bilirubin and antibody-coated red cells; intensive phototherapy continues while blood is prepared. Prompt exchange aims to prevent chronic kernicterus (choreoathetoid cerebral palsy, sensorineural hearing loss, and upward gaze palsy).

8A 12-hour-old term infant born after 26 hours of ruptured membranes and maternal intrapartum fever (38.8 °C) develops hypothermia (35.8 °C), lethargy, poor suck, tachypnea (68 breaths/min), and a capillary refill time of 4 seconds. Blood culture, a complete blood count, and C-reactive protein are sent. What is the empirical antibiotic regimen of choice for suspected early-onset neonatal sepsis?

A.Intravenous ampicillin plus gentamicin

B.Intravenous ceftriaxone plus vancomycin

C.Intravenous meropenem plus amikacin

D.Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate plus erythromycin

Explanation: The standard empirical regimen for early-onset neonatal sepsis (onset within 72 hours of birth) is intravenous ampicillin plus an aminoglycoside such as gentamicin. The combination covers the usual maternally acquired pathogens: group B streptococcus and Listeria monocytogenes (ampicillin) and Escherichia coli and other enteric gram-negative bacilli (gentamicin).

9A preterm infant born at 29 weeks has been in the NICU for 18 days with a peripherally inserted central catheter. The infant suddenly deteriorates with more frequent apnea and bradycardia, temperature instability, abdominal distension, and hyperglycemia. WBC is 3,200/uL, absolute neutrophil count 800/uL, platelets 48,000/uL, and CRP 48 mg/L. Which organism most often causes late-onset sepsis in this setting?

A.Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus)

B.Listeria monocytogenes

C.Coagulase-negative staphylococci such as S. epidermidis

D.Cytomegalovirus acquired through breast milk

Explanation: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), chiefly Staphylococcus epidermidis, cause about half of late-onset sepsis episodes (onset after 72 hours of life) in very low birth weight infants, especially those with central venous catheters, because they form biofilm on intravascular devices.

10A 10-day-old infant born at 30 weeks who is receiving formula feeds develops feeding intolerance, bilious aspirates, a distended tender abdomen with bluish discoloration of the abdominal wall, and occult blood in the stool. The abdominal radiograph shows linear lucencies in the bowel wall (pneumatosis intestinalis) and branching gas over the liver (portal venous gas). What is the diagnosis and initial medical management?

A.Meconium ileus; therapeutic contrast enema and pancreatic enzymes

B.Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; urgent Ramstedt pyloromyotomy

C.Midgut volvulus; upper GI contrast study then Ladd procedure

D.NEC, Bell stage II; bowel rest, decompression, IV antibiotics

Explanation: Pneumatosis intestinalis and portal venous gas are hallmark radiographic signs of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), placing this infant in Bell stage II (definite NEC; portal venous gas indicates stage IIB). Initial management is to stop enteral feeds, decompress the stomach with a nasogastric or Replogle tube, give IV fluids and parenteral nutrition, start broad-spectrum IV antibiotics covering gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic organisms, and obtain early surgical consultation with serial examinations and radiographs.

About the UKOM Sp.A Exam

UKOM Sp.A (Uji Kompetensi Dokter Spesialis Anak) is Indonesia's national board certification and exit examination for pediatric residency graduates (PPDS IKA). Administered by Kolegium Kesehatan Anak Indonesia (KKAI), passing this comprehensive examination is the mandatory legal requirement to earn the Sp.A title, obtain the specialist certificate of competence (Sertifikat Kompetensi), and register for the specialist practice license (STR Spesialis) with KKI.

Exam sponsor: Kolegium Kesehatan Anak Indonesia (KKAI) / Kolegium Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Indonesia (Kolegium IKA). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Administered in national periods by Kolegium IKA across university host centers. Evaluates seven core domains defined by the Standar Nasional Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Anak: Neonatologi & Perinatologi; Emergensi Pediatrik & Rawat Intensif; Infeksi Tropis & Pediatrik; Tumbuh Kembang, Nutrisi & Pediatrik Sosial; Kardiologi, Respirologi & Alergi-Imunologi; Gastrohepatologi, Nefrologi & Endokrinologi; and Hematologi-Onkologi & Neurologi.

Time Limit

Multi-date evaluation; the May 2026 MCQ, OSCE and structured-case components were held on separate dates.

Passing Score

Not published in the official sources reviewed.

Exam / Certification Fees

Not published in the official sources reviewed; confirm with Kolegium IKA.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

15 of 100 practice questions

Neonatologi & Perinatologi

Neonatal resuscitation, prematurity and low birth weight complications, hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal sepsis, TORCH infections, MAS, and PPHN.

15 of 100 practice questions

Emergensi Pediatrik, Resusitasi & Rawat Intensif Anak (PICU/ER)

PALS algorithms, septic shock inotropes, status epilepticus, acute asthma, anaphylaxis, severe dehydration, DKA, and toxic ingestions.

15 of 100 practice questions

Infeksi Tropis & Pediatrik

Dengue hemorrhagic fever/DSS fluid protocols, malaria, childhood tuberculosis, typhoid fever, measles, pertussis, diphtheria, and meningitis.

15 of 100 practice questions

Tumbuh Kembang, Nutrisi & Pediatrik Sosial

Growth assessment, failure to thrive, severe acute malnutrition (SAM), stunting, developmental screening (Denver II, KPSP), ASD, ADHD, and immunization.

15 of 100 practice questions

Kardiologi, Respirologi & Alergi-Imunologi Anak

Congenital heart disease, acute rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, Kawasaki disease, childhood asthma, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and allergy/immunodeficiency.

15 of 100 practice questions

Gastrohepatologi, Nefrologi & Endokrinologi Anak

Acute/persistent diarrhea, biliary atresia, Hirschsprung disease, intussusception, nephrotic syndrome, APSGN, AKI, congenital hypothyroidism, CAH, and type 1 diabetes.

10 of 100 practice questions

Hematologi-Onkologi & Neurologi Anak

Iron deficiency anemia, beta-thalassemia major, ITP, hemophilia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, neuroblastoma, febrile seizures, West syndrome, GBS, and cerebral palsy.

Preparing for the UKOM Sp.A Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: Not published in the official sources reviewed.
Assessment: Administered in national periods by Kolegium IKA across university host centers. Evaluates seven core domains defined by the Standar Nasional Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Anak: Neonatologi & Perinatologi; Emergensi Pediatrik & Rawat Intensif; Infeksi Tropis & Pediatrik; Tumbuh Kembang, Nutrisi & Pediatrik Sosial; Kardiologi, Respirologi & Alergi-Imunologi; Gastrohepatologi, Nefrologi & Endokrinologi; and Hematologi-Onkologi & Neurologi.
Time limit: Multi-date evaluation; the May 2026 MCQ, OSCE and structured-case components were held on separate dates.
Exam / certification fees: Not published in the official sources reviewed; confirm with Kolegium IKA. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

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UKOM Sp.A: Suggested Study Strategy

1Structure your study around the seven core domains defined by the Standar Nasional Pendidikan Sp.A, giving priority to high-acuity pediatric emergency and neonatal resuscitation algorithms.

2Thoroughly review Indonesian national pediatric consensus guidelines published by IDAI, including the IDAI 2024/2026 immunization schedule, dengue fluid protocols, childhood tuberculosis scoring, and nephrotic syndrome management.

3Practice multi-step clinical reasoning vignettes under timed conditions, identifying key discriminators such as age of presentation, auscultation hallmarks, and laboratory ratios.

4Focus on differentiating close clinical entities, such as neuroblastoma versus Wilms tumor, prerenal azotemia versus acute tubular necrosis, and simple versus complex febrile seizures.

5Prepare concurrently for the OSCE and structured case components through supervised bedside clinical rounds, case presentations, and simulation sessions in your academic department.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is UKOM Sp.A and who administers it?

UKOM Sp.A (Uji Kompetensi Dokter Spesialis Anak) is the national competency exit examination for eligible graduates of Indonesian pediatric residency programs (PPDS IKA), administered by Kolegium Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Indonesia. Registration afterward follows the current Konsil Kesehatan Indonesia and health-authority framework.

What is the examination structure of UKOM Sp.A?

The official examination consists of three comprehensive components: a Computer-Based Testing (CBT) multiple-choice examination featuring clinical vignettes, an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) evaluating practical clinical and procedural skills, and a Structured Case Examination (Ujian Kasus Terstruktur) testing diagnostic decision-making and oral case defense before senior specialist examiners.

How is the pass mark (Nilai Batas Lulus / NBL) established?

The current pass mark and standard-setting method were not published in the official sources reviewed. Candidates should confirm the period-specific rule with Kolegium IKA.

When and where is UKOM Sp.A held in 2026?

Current sources confirm a May 2026 national period hosted at Universitas Padjadjaran (MCQ on 12 May, OSCE on 23 May, and Ujian Kasus Terstruktur on 24 May) and a February 2026 integrated evaluation at Universitas Sebelas Maret. Current annual frequency, registration procedures and deadlines should be confirmed with Kolegium IKA and the candidate's study program.

What happens if a candidate fails one component of the exam?

Current component-level retake rules, timing, registration requirements, and fees were not published in the official sources reviewed; candidates should confirm them with Kolegium IKA and their PPDS program.

Is this practice question bank an official translation or an OSCE simulator?

No. The official live examination questions are confidential and never published. This question bank is an independent English-language study adaptation created by OpenExamPrep to help pediatric residents practice clinical reasoning, diagnosis, and management across the competencies defined in the Standar Nasional Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Anak. It does not simulate the OSCE stations or structured oral case examinations.