100+ Free Psychotherapist Qualification (China) Practice Questions

Psychological Foundations, Developmental Psychology & Personality (心理学基础、发展心理学与人格理论)

Evaluates foundational scientific principles of human psychology, lifespan development, and personality structure: biological and neurological bases of behavior, sensation, absolute and difference thresholds, perception (gestalt principles, depth, constancy), attention and consciousness, working memory, long-term memory (episodic, semantic, procedural), forgetting curves (Ebbinghaus), cognitive stages of development (Piaget: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational), psychosocial crisis stages across life stages (Erikson), Freud's psychosexual developmental stages, personality structural theories (Freud's Id, Ego, Superego; Allport's trait levels; Cattell's 16 personality factors; Eysenck's PEN dimensions; Big Five taxonomy), social cognition, attribution theory (Kelley's covariation model, fundamental attribution error), and cultural-psychological aspects of mental wellbeing.

Psychopathology & Psychiatric Disorders Diagnosis (变态心理学与精神障碍诊断 CCMD-3/ICD-11/DSM-5)

Covers clinical psychiatric symptomatology and differential diagnostic systems under the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD-3), World Health Organization ICD-10/11, and APA DSM-5: perceptual disorders (true vs pseudo-hallucinations, illusions, sensory distortions), thought process and content disorders (flight of ideas, loosening of associations, delusions of persecution, reference, grandeur, control, thought broadcasting), affective disorders (depressive stupor, mania, affective flattening vs blunting), volitional and psychomotor abnormalities, anxiety and fear-related disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and related disorders, trauma and stressor-related disorders (Acute Stress Disorder, PTSD), Somatic Symptom and related disorders (hypochondriasis/illness anxiety, conversion/dissociative disorders), Schizophrenia spectrum and psychotic disorders, bipolar and related disorders, depressive disorders (MDD, dysthymia/persistent depressive disorder), eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa), sleep-wake disorders, substance-related and addictive disorders, and Personality Disorders (Cluster A, Cluster B including borderline and antisocial, Cluster C).

Psychological Assessment & Psychometric Testing (心理测验、量表评估与临床诊断方法)

Encompasses scientific measurement theory, psychometric properties, scale administration, scoring, and clinical interpretation: classical test theory, reliability (test-retest, split-half, internal consistency Cronbach's alpha, inter-rater), validity (content, criterion-related concurrent/predictive, construct), test standardization and representative norm derivations, standard scores (Z-score, T-score, standard nine, Wechsler IQ deviation scale), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI / MMPI-2: validity scales Q, L, F, K; clinical scales Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, Si; two-point and three-point code types; Chinese T-score cutoff >= 60), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ: E, N, P, L scales and 4 quadrant temperaments), Cattell's 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF), Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90: 10 symptom dimensions, total score >= 160 or positive item count > 43 or positive symptom distress index > 2 indicating positive screening), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS: standard score cutoff >= 53 in China) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS: standard score cutoff >= 50), clinician-administered scales (HAMD, HAMA, BPRS), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC: verbal IQ vs performance IQ, subtests), and projective instruments (Rorschach Inkblot Test, Thematic Apperception Test TAT).

Psychotherapeutic Modalities, Interventions & Clinical Ethics (心理治疗流派、临床干预技术与专业伦理规范)

Comprehensive analysis of evidence-based psychotherapy frameworks, therapeutic mechanisms, clinical techniques, and healthcare professional ethics: Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (free association, dream analysis, analysis of transference and countertransference, working through, defense mechanisms including repression, projection, rationalization, splitting, sublimation), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT: Beck's cognitive model, identifying automatic thoughts, cognitive distortions, downward arrow technique, belief modification, behavioral activation, graded task assignment, Socratic questioning, Ellis's Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT and ABCDE framework), Humanistic and Person-Centered Therapy (Carl Rogers' core therapeutic conditions: empathy, unconditional positive regard, congruence/genuineness), Behavior Therapy (classical and operant conditioning, systematic desensitization, graduated in vivo exposure, flooding, token economy, contingency management), Systemic Family Therapy (structural family therapy, Salvador Minuchin, family boundaries, triangulation, genograms, circular questioning, reframing, paradoxical interventions), group psychotherapy stages, crisis evaluation and management of acute suicidal ideation, and Healthcare Professional Ethics (ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice; confidentiality and mandatory exceptions under the PRC Mental Health Law, duty to warn and protect, informed consent, avoidance of dual/multiple relationships, sexual boundary violations, gift acceptance boundaries, supervision, and professional competence limits).