100+ Free Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Practice Questions

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Master the Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy exam (0790) with 100 practice MCQs covering formal logic, epistemology, Western philosophy, African thought, and socio-political ethics.

Sample Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In propositional logic, under what specific truth-value assignment of the atomic variables P and Q is the material conditional proposition (P -> Q) false?

A.When both P and Q are assigned false.

B.When P is false and Q is true.

C.When P is true and Q is false.

D.When both P and Q are assigned true.

Explanation: In classical truth-functional logic, the material conditional (P -> Q) asserts that a true antecedent cannot lead to a false consequent. Therefore, P -> Q is false if and only if the antecedent (P) is true while the consequent (Q) is false. In all other three truth-value combinations, the conditional evaluates to true.

2In traditional Aristotelian categorical logic, what is the distribution status of the subject and predicate terms in an E proposition ('No S is P')?

A.The subject term is distributed, but the predicate term is undistributed.

B.Both the subject term and the predicate term are distributed.

C.Neither the subject term nor the predicate term is distributed.

D.The subject term is undistributed, but the predicate term is distributed.

Explanation: A term is distributed in a categorical proposition if the proposition refers to all members of the class designated by that term. In a universal negative proposition (E: 'No S is P'), the proposition makes an assertion about all members of S (wholly excluding them from P) and about all members of P (wholly excluding them from S), thus distributing both the subject and predicate terms.

3Consider the following syllogism: 'All dogs are mammals. All cats are mammals. Therefore, all cats are dogs.' Which fundamental rule of categorical syllogisms is violated in this argument?

A.The middle term must be distributed in at least one premise.

B.No conclusion can be drawn from two negative premises.

C.A term distributed in the conclusion must be distributed in the premises.

D.If one premise is particular, the conclusion must also be particular.

Explanation: In this syllogism, the middle term is 'mammals'. In both premises ('All dogs are mammals' and 'All cats are mammals'), 'mammals' serves as the predicate of universal affirmative (A) propositions, making it undistributed in both instances. Failing to distribute the middle term at least once prevents any necessary logical connection between the minor and major terms, committing the formal fallacy of the Undistributed Middle.

4According to the Traditional Square of Opposition, what is the exact logical relationship between a universal affirmative proposition (A: 'All philosophers are seekers of truth') and a particular negative proposition (O: 'Some philosophers are not seekers of truth')?

A.They are contraries, meaning they cannot both be true, but can both be false.

B.They are subcontraries, meaning they can both be true, but cannot both be false.

C.They are subalterns, meaning the truth of the universal guarantees the truth of the particular.

D.They are contradictories, meaning they must have opposite truth values; they cannot both be true and cannot both be false.

Explanation: On the Traditional Square of Opposition, the diagonally opposite pairs (A and O, as well as E and I) stand in a contradictory relationship. Contradictory propositions differ in both quantity (universal vs particular) and quality (affirmative vs negative), meaning that if one is true, the other must necessarily be false, and vice versa.

5Analyze the following deductive argument: 'If it rains, the ground is wet. The ground is wet. Therefore, it has rained.' Which formal logical fallacy is committed in this reasoning?

A.Denying the Antecedent

B.Affirming the Consequent

C.Fallacy of Four Terms

D.Illicit Process of the Minor Term

Explanation: The argument has the symbolic form: Premise 1: P -> Q; Premise 2: Q; Conclusion: Therefore, P. This is the formal fallacy of Affirming the Consequent. The ground could be wet for numerous reasons other than rain (such as a garden hose or a broken pipe), so affirming the consequent does not validly necessitate the truth of the antecedent.

6Which of the following argument forms represents the valid propositional inference rule known as Modus Tollens (denying the consequent)?

A.If P then Q; Not Q; Therefore, Not P.

B.If P then Q; P; Therefore, Q.

C.If P then Q; If Q then R; Therefore, If P then R.

D.Either P or Q; Not P; Therefore, Q.

Explanation: Modus Tollens (method of denying) is a foundational valid rule of inference in propositional logic with the structure: P -> Q (conditional premise), ~Q (negation of consequent), therefore ~P (negation of antecedent). If the consequent is false, the antecedent that implied it must also be false.

7A debater argues: 'Freedom of speech is essential for society because citizens must have the unrestricted liberty to express their opinions without censorship.' Which informal fallacy is illustrated here?

A.Argumentum ad Ignorantiam (Appeal to Ignorance)

B.Argumentum ad Verecundiam (Appeal to Unqualified Authority)

C.Petitio Principii (Begging the Question / Circular Reasoning)

D.Argumentum ad Baculum (Appeal to Force)

Explanation: Petitio Principii (begging the question) occurs when the premise of an argument assumes the very truth of the conclusion it is attempting to prove, offering a restatement of the conclusion in different words rather than independent evidence. Here, 'unrestricted liberty to express opinions' is simply another formulation of 'freedom of speech'.

8When a politician dismisses an opponent's economic reform proposal solely on the grounds that the opponent was once convicted of tax evasion, what fallacy is committed?

A.Argumentum ad Hominem (Abusive / Circumstantial)

B.Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc (False Cause)

C.Fallacy of Equivocation

D.Ignoratio Elenchi (Irrelevant Conclusion)

Explanation: An Argumentum ad Hominem fallacy occurs when someone attacks the character, personal history, or circumstances of the person presenting an argument rather than addressing the substantive merits, evidence, and logical validity of the argument itself. The opponent's personal history does not logically invalidate the economic proposal.

9Examine the following categorical syllogism: 'All tigers are carnivores. No horses are tigers. Therefore, no horses are carnivores.' Why is this argument invalid?

A.It commits the fallacy of Undistributed Middle because 'tigers' is never distributed.

B.It commits the fallacy of Illicit Minor because 'horses' is distributed in the conclusion but not in the minor premise.

C.It violates the rule against drawing an affirmative conclusion from negative premises.

D.It commits the fallacy of Illicit Major because 'carnivores' is distributed in the conclusion but undistributed in the major premise.

Explanation: In this syllogism, the major term is 'carnivores'. In the conclusion ('No horses are carnivores' - an E proposition), the predicate 'carnivores' is distributed. However, in the major premise ('All tigers are carnivores' - an A proposition), 'carnivores' is the predicate and is therefore undistributed. Distributing a major term in the conclusion without distributing it in the premise commits the formal fallacy of Illicit Major.

10In symbolic logic, what is the defining characteristic of a 'tautology'?

A.A compound proposition that is false under every possible truth-value assignment of its constituent atomic propositions.

B.A compound proposition that is true under every possible truth-value assignment of its constituent atomic propositions.

C.A compound proposition that is true in at least one assignment and false in at least one assignment.

D.A proposition whose truth value can only be determined through empirical observation and sensory experience.

Explanation: A tautology is a truth-functional compound proposition that evaluates to True under all interpretations (every row of its truth table), such as the Law of Excluded Middle (P v ~P) or material implication identity ((P -> Q) <=> (~Q -> ~P)). It is logically and necessarily true by virtue of its logical form alone.

About the Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Exam

The Cameroon GCE Advanced Level Philosophy examination (Subject Code 0790) is the national terminal qualification assessment in philosophy administered by the Cameroon General Certificate of Education Board (CGCEB) in Buea. Designed for Upper Sixth arts and humanities students in the Anglophone educational sub-system of Cameroon, the examination tests rigorous philosophical argumentation, deductive reasoning, textual commentary, and ethical discernment across four comprehensive domains. The syllabus is uniquely structured into four balanced content areas: 1) Formal Logic and Epistemology, covering propositional logic, truth tables, rules of deduction, Aristotelian categorical syllogisms, informal fallacies, and theories of knowledge; 2) Western Philosophy from Ancient to Modern eras, including Presocratics, Socratic-Platonic metaphysics, Aristotelian ethics, Scholastic theology, Cartesian rationalism, British empiricism, Kantian critical philosophy, utilitarianism, and existentialism; 3) African Philosophy, focusing on the historical debate on the existence of African philosophy, ethnophilosophy (Tempels, Kagame), critical philosophy (Hountondji, Towa), sage philosophy (Oruka), nationalist-ideological thought (Nkrumah, Nyerere, Senghor), and contemporary Cameroonian thinkers (Njoh-Mouellé, Mbembe); and 4) Moral, Political, and Social Philosophy, covering normative ethics, social contract theories (Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Rawls), justice, democracy, human rights, and bioethics. Candidates sit for three distinct papers: Paper 1 consists of 50 compulsory multiple-choice questions (1 hour 30 minutes); Paper 2 assesses Western Philosophy and Formal Logic through structured problem solving and essay questions (2 hours 30 minutes); and Paper 3 assesses African Philosophy and contemporary socio-political issues through extended essay questions (2 hours 30 minutes). Success in GCE A-Level Philosophy is highly prized across Cameroon and internationally as foundational preparation for careers in law, diplomacy, governance, public policy, and academia. Format note: this site's practice bank is 100 four-option multiple-choice questions covering the whole official syllabus. Paper 1 of the real examination is genuinely multiple choice (50 compulsory questions), so the format matches that paper, but the bank is a study aid only — it does not simulate the written theory/essay paper(s) or any practical examination, and its length does not describe the official exam.

Assessment

Official Advanced Level structure for subject code 0790 (Philosophy) per the Cameroon GCE Board June 2026 timetable (Form G6): Paper 1: 50 compulsory multiple-choice questions (1 hour 30 minutes); Paper 2: written theory/structured questions (3 hours); Paper 3: written paper (3 hours). Total written time is 7 hours 30 minutes. The Board does not publish per-paper mark weightings for individual subjects.

Time Limit

Paper 1: 1 hour 30 minutes; total written time 7 hours 30 minutes.

Passing Score

Grade E or better (Cameroon GCE Advanced Level grades A, B, C, D and E are passes; O is a subsidiary pass and F is a fail)

Exam Fee

12,000 FCFA (Cameroon General Certificate of Education Board (CGCEB))

Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Exam Content Outline

20%

Formal Logic and Epistemology

Symbolic and categorical logic, deductive validity, and theories of knowledge: Propositional calculus (truth tables, tautologies, contradictions, conditionals, biconditionals, De Morgan's laws); Rules of inference (Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Disjunctive Syllogism, Hypothetical Syllogism); Categorical propositions (A, E, I, O), distribution of subject and predicate terms, Traditional Square of Opposition (contradictory, contrary, subcontrary, subalternation); Categorical syllogisms (moods, figures, rules of validity, fallacies of four terms, undistributed middle, illicit major/minor); Formal and informal fallacies (ad hominem, straw man, petitio principii, ad populum, ad verecundiam, false cause, slippery slope); Theories of truth (correspondence, coherence, pragmatic); Epistemological debates (Rationalism vs Empiricism, Descartes' method of doubt, Locke's tabula rasa, Hume's fork and induction, Kant's synthetic a priori, and the Gettier problem).

20%

Western Philosophy — Ancient to Modern

Historical development of Western metaphysical, cosmological, and ethical thought: Presocratics (Milesian cosmologists, Heraclitean flux and Logos, Parmenidean Being, atomism); Socrates (elenchos, irony, maieutics, care of the soul); Plato (Theory of Forms, Allegory of the Cave, Divided Line, Tripartite Soul, Philosopher King in the Republic); Aristotle (Four Causes, hylomorphism, act and potency, Nicomachean virtue ethics, Doctrine of the Mean, eudaimonia); Hellenistic schools (Stoic apatheia and dichotomy of control, Epicurean ataraxia and tetrapharmakos); Medieval Scholasticism (St. Augustine's illumination and privatio boni, St. Thomas Aquinas' Five Ways and synthesis of faith and reason); Modern Rationalism (Descartes' Cogito and mind-body dualism, Spinoza's substance monism, Leibniz's monadology); Kantian deontology and the Categorical Imperative; Utilitarianism (Bentham's quantitative calculus, Mill's qualitative pleasures); 19th and 20th Century philosophy (Kierkegaard's stages of existence, Nietzsche's master/slave morality and will to power, Sartre's existentialism and bad faith, Camus' absurdism).

20%

African Philosophy

Foundational debates, major trends, and contemporary developments in African philosophical discourse: The Great Debate on the existence and nature of African philosophy; Ethnophilosophy (Father Placide Tempels' Bantu Philosophy and vital force ontology, Alexis Kagame's linguistic philosophy of being, John S. Mbiti's concepts of time: Sasa and Zamani); Critique of Ethnophilosophy and Professional Philosophy (Paulin Hountondji's critique of unanimism and definition of African philosophy as written literature, Marcien Towa's call for critical rationality and revolutionary negation in Essai sur la problématique philosophique dans l'Afrique actuelle); Philosophic Sagacity (Henry Odera Oruka's distinction between culture sages and philosophic sages, and four trends in African philosophy); Nationalist-Ideological Philosophy (Kwame Nkrumah's Consciencism and philosophical synthesis, Julius Nyerere's Ujamaa and African socialism, Léopold Sédar Senghor's Négritude); Contemporary Cameroonian thinkers (Ebénézer Njoh-Mouellé's De la médiocrité à l'excellence and philosophy of human development, Achille Mbembe's Necropolitics and postcolonial critique); African Epistemology and Social Thought (Kwasi Wiredu's conceptual decolonization and consensus democracy, Ubuntu relational ethics).

20%

Moral, Political, and Social Philosophy

Normative ethical theories, political obligation, justice, and applied social issues: Metaethics vs Normative Ethics vs Applied Ethics (moral realism, relativism, emotivism); Normative ethical systems (Deontology, Consequentialism/Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics); Classical and Modern Social Contract Theories (Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan and state of nature, John Locke's natural rights and limited governance, Jean-Jacques Rousseau's General Will and critique of inequality); Baron de Montesquieu and the Separation of Powers; Contemporary Theories of Justice (John Rawls' A Theory of Justice, Original Position, Veil of Ignorance, Liberty and Difference Principles; Robert Nozick's Libertarian Entitlement Theory); Concepts of Liberty (Isaiah Berlin's negative and positive liberty); Niccolò Machiavelli's political realism (Virtù and Fortuna); Karl Marx's historical materialism, base/superstructure, and alienation; Democratic Theory (direct vs representative democracy, tyranny of the majority); Theories of punishment (retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation); Human rights and constitutionalism; Applied Ethics (Bioethics: principlism, euthanasia, abortion; Environmental ethics: anthropocentrism, biocentrism, ecocentrism, Hans Jonas' responsibility principle; Simone de Beauvoir's feminist philosophy; Peter Singer's animal ethics).

How to Pass the Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: Grade E or better (Cameroon GCE Advanced Level grades A, B, C, D and E are passes; O is a subsidiary pass and F is a fail)
Assessment: Official Advanced Level structure for subject code 0790 (Philosophy) per the Cameroon GCE Board June 2026 timetable (Form G6): Paper 1: 50 compulsory multiple-choice questions (1 hour 30 minutes); Paper 2: written theory/structured questions (3 hours); Paper 3: written paper (3 hours). Total written time is 7 hours 30 minutes. The Board does not publish per-paper mark weightings for individual subjects.
Time limit: Paper 1: 1 hour 30 minutes; total written time 7 hours 30 minutes.
Exam fee: 12,000 FCFA

Keys to Passing

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master Formal Logic Rules and Truth Tables: Dedicate daily practice to constructing truth tables for complex compound propositions and testing categorical syllogisms for validity using term distribution rules and traditional square of opposition diagrams.

2Understand the African Philosophy Debate Thoroughly: Contrast the ethnophilosophical positions of Placide Tempels and Alexis Kagame with the rigorous critiques of Paulin Hountondji and Cameroonian philosopher Marcien Towa.

3Engage with Cameroonian Primary Texts: Read key excerpts from Ebénézer Njoh-Mouellé's 'De la médiocrité à l'excellence' and Marcien Towa's 'Essai sur la problématique philosophique dans l'Afrique actuelle' to understand their proposals for African development and intellectual emancipation.

4Compare Western and Political Philosophers: Create comparative revision grids contrasting social contract theorists (Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau) with contemporary justice theorists (Rawls, Nozick) and ethical theories (Kantian deontology, Bentham/Mill utilitarianism, Aristotelian virtue ethics).

5Practice Timed 50-Question MCQ Sets: Train with timed multiple-choice practice questions under 90-minute examination conditions to build accuracy and rapid identification of informal fallacies and valid inference patterns.

6Structure Paper 2 & 3 Philosophical Essays Clearly: For essay sections, always state a clear thesis in the introduction, provide conceptual definitions, present balanced counter-arguments (antithesis), and synthesize with well-grounded philosophical conclusions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the examination structure for Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy (0790)?

Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy consists of three papers: Paper 1 is a 1-hour 30-minute multiple-choice paper featuring 50 compulsory questions. Paper 2 is a 2-hour 30-minute essay and structured problem-solving paper focused on Western Philosophy and Formal Logic. Paper 3 is a 2-hour 30-minute essay paper focused on African Philosophy and Contemporary Socio-Political Issues.

Who is eligible to register for the Cameroon GCE Advanced Level Philosophy examination?

Eligible candidates include Upper Sixth (Form 7) students enrolled in accredited secondary schools following the Anglophone Cameroon sub-system, as well as external private candidates who have obtained the Cameroon GCE Ordinary Level certificate with at least four subject passes including English Language.

What grading scale is used by the Cameroon GCE Board for A-Level subjects?

The Cameroon GCE Board awards letter grades from A to E as passing grades: Grade A (5 points), Grade B (4 points), Grade C (3 points), Grade D (2 points), and Grade E (1 point). Grade O represents an Ordinary Level subsidiary pass (0 points towards A-Level qualification), while Grade F is a fail.

What are the registration fees for the Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy exam?

The standard total fee is 12,000 FCFA. This consists of a base candidate registration fee of 9,000 FCFA, a subject fee of 2,000 FCFA for Philosophy (0790), and a mandatory 1,000 FCFA administrative/practical session levy (G3).

Which African and Cameroonian philosophers are specifically emphasized in the syllabus?

The official syllabus places special emphasis on Cameroonian thinkers such as Marcien Towa (known for his critique of ethnophilosophy and advocacy of critical rationality in 'Essai sur la problématique philosophique dans l'Afrique actuelle') and Ebénézer Njoh-Mouellé ('De la médiocrité à l'excellence / Jalons'), alongside continental thinkers like Paulin Hountondji, Henry Odera Oruka, Kwame Nkrumah, Julius Nyerere, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Kwasi Wiredu, and Achille Mbembe.

What mathematical or symbolic skills are required for the Formal Logic section?

Candidates must master propositional logic truth tables (negation, conjunction, disjunction, conditional, biconditional), rules of inference (Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Disjunctive Syllogism, Hypothetical Syllogism), categorical propositions (A, E, I, O), term distribution, traditional square of opposition relationships, and the 15 valid Aristotelian syllogistic moods across four figures.

100+ Free Cameroon GCE A-Level Philosophy Practice Questions

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