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100+ Free BCS Written Geography Practice Questions

Prepare for the BCS Written Post-Related Geography, Subject Code 311, Total Marks 200 exam with instant access — no signup required.

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Key Facts: BCS Written Geography Exam

200 marks / code 311

Post-related Geography written paper

BPSC BCS written syllabus

100 / 100

Part I physical / Part II human and Bangladesh

BPSC BCS written syllabus

80 / 20

Human geography / Geography of Bangladesh inside Part II

BPSC BCS written syllabus

4 hours

Duration used for BPSC 200-mark written papers on this site

Longstanding BPSC sitting practice; confirm the current routine

50% aggregate

Written-stage standard on 900 marks

BPSC BCS examination page (updated 13 May 2025)

Tk. 200 / Tk. 50

50th BCS general / reduced application fee (no extra written fee)

50th BCS circular reporting citing PSC

Descriptive, not MCQ

Official item type for this paper

BPSC written examination structure

BCS post-related Geography (code 311) is a 200-mark, 4-hour descriptive written paper (Part I physical 100; Part II human plus Bangladesh 100, of which Bangladesh is 20). It is sat by geography-linked technical/professional cadre and dual-cadre candidates after the preliminary. Written merit uses a 50% aggregate on 900 marks, with per-paper minima. This page offers English MCQs as a study aid, not an official-paper simulation.

Sample BCS Written Geography Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your BCS Written Geography exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Geomorphology, as treated in physical geography, is primarily the scientific study of which of the following?
A.The origin, evolution, and classification of landforms
B.The chemical composition of the atmosphere only
C.The distribution of languages and religions
D.The accounting of national mineral royalties
Explanation: Geomorphology is the branch of physical geography that explains how Earth's surface is shaped. It analyses processes (fluvial, glacial, aeolian, marine, tectonic) and the resulting landform assemblages over time. Climate chemistry, cultural distributions, and fiscal accounting belong to other fields.
2Which statement best captures the nature and scope of physical geography?
A.It studies only political boundaries drawn on maps
B.It excludes soils, climate, and oceans from its subject matter
C.It is limited to describing city land-use zones
D.It analyses the natural Earth system—lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere—and their spatial patterns
Explanation: Physical geography is the systematic study of the natural environment and its spatial variation. Its classical spheres are lithosphere (landforms and rocks), atmosphere (weather and climate), hydrosphere (water), and biosphere (soils, vegetation, fauna). Political lines and urban land-use models belong mainly to human and urban geography.
3Who is conventionally credited with coining the term geography (geographia) and attempting an early measurement of Earth's circumference?
A.Alexander von Humboldt
B.William Morris Davis
C.Eratosthenes of Cyrene
D.Alfred Wegener
Explanation: Eratosthenes of Cyrene (3rd century BCE) used the word geographia and estimated Earth's circumference from the Sun's angle at Syene and Alexandria. Humboldt later founded modern systematic physical geography; Davis developed the cycle of erosion; Wegener proposed continental drift. The BPSC history-of-geography topic expects this classical starting point.
4Which development is a leading recent trend in physical geography rather than a 19th-century descriptive tradition?
A.Exclusive reliance on unquantified traveller narratives
B.Rejection of satellite data as unscientific
C.Application of systems thinking, plate tectonics, and geospatial tools such as GIS and remote sensing
D.Treating climate as fixed and unrelated to landforms
Explanation: Late-20th- and 21st-century physical geography emphasises process, systems, and measurement. Plate tectonics reorganised tectonic geomorphology; climatic geomorphology linked process to climate; GIS and remote sensing made spatial analysis operational. Purely narrative, anti-satellite, or static-climate views are outdated relative to the syllabus heading 'recent trends'.
5In pre-Davisian geomorphology, James Hutton's uniformitarianism is best contrasted with which earlier view of Earth history?
A.Catastrophism, which attributed most landforms to sudden, unique cataclysms rather than ongoing processes
B.Plate-tectonic recycling of seafloor, already fully formulated in the 1700s
C.Quantitative systems modelling of hillslopes using digital elevation models
D.Christaller's central-place hierarchy of towns
Explanation: Before W. M. Davis's geographic cycle, debate in Earth history opposed Cuvier-style catastrophism to Hutton's (and later Lyell's) uniformitarianism: the present is the key to the past because ordinary processes act over vast time. Davis later organised those processes into a youth–maturity–old-age cycle. Plate tectonics, DEMs, and central-place theory are later or unrelated frameworks.
6Earth's true figure is best described as which of the following?
A.A perfect sphere of identical polar and equatorial diameters
B.A flat disc with raised rims
C.An oblate spheroid (approximately a geoid), slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator
D.A prolate spheroid stretched along the polar axis
Explanation: Rotation produces an equatorial bulge, so the polar diameter is shorter than the equatorial diameter: an oblate spheroid. The geoid is the irregular equipotential surface that best fits mean sea level. Earth is neither a perfect sphere nor stretched pole-to-pole (prolate).
7Earth's rotation on its axis is the principal cause of which phenomenon?
A.The four seasons in the middle latitudes
B.Long-term changes in Earth's orbital eccentricity
C.The occurrence of leap years
D.The succession of day and night
Explanation: Rotation (once per sidereal day of about 23 hours 56 minutes) turns locations into and out of sunlight, producing day and night. Seasons arise from revolution plus the ~23.5° axial tilt. Leap years adjust the calendar to the tropical year. Orbital eccentricity varies on Milankovitch timescales, not daily rotation.
8Perihelion and aphelion refer to which positions in Earth's orbit?
A.Perihelion is Earth's farthest point from the Sun, around early July; aphelion is the nearest point, around early January
B.They name the two foci of the Moon's orbit around Earth
C.Both terms describe the same solstice position over the Tropic of Cancer
D.Perihelion is Earth's nearest point to the Sun, around early January; aphelion is the farthest point, around early July
Explanation: Earth's orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. Perihelion is the nearest point (early January); aphelion is the farthest (early July). Northern Hemisphere winter therefore occurs near perihelion: seasons are controlled by axial tilt, not by this modest distance contrast.
9On the June solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the noon Sun is overhead at which latitude?
A.The Tropic of Capricorn (about 23.5°S)
B.The Equator (0°)
C.The Tropic of Cancer (about 23.5°N)
D.The Arctic Circle (about 66.5°N) as a vertical overhead Sun
Explanation: At the June (Northern summer) solstice the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, so the subsolar point reaches the Tropic of Cancer. Equinoxes place the noon Sun over the Equator. The December solstice places it over the Tropic of Capricorn. The Arctic Circle then has 24-hour daylight, but the Sun is not overhead there.
10Standard world time zones are based on which angular relationship?
A.Each 15° of longitude corresponds to one hour of Earth rotation
B.Each 1° of latitude corresponds to one hour
C.Each 90° of longitude corresponds to one minute
D.Time is independent of longitude and is set only by climate belts
Explanation: Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, so 15° of longitude equals one hour. Civil zones are 15°-wide in principle, with political exceptions. Latitude does not define clock time. Bangladesh Standard Time (UTC+6) is notionally the 90°E meridian (6 × 15°).

About the BCS Written Geography Exam

BCS Written Post-Related Geography (Subject Code 311) is the 200-mark descriptive paper for technical/professional cadre posts related to geography and for dual-cadre applicants who sit the extra post-related subject. Part I (100 marks) covers physical geography: Earth as a planet, lithosphere, tectonic theories, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Part II (100 marks) covers human geography (definition, population, settlements, economic activities, urban geography) and the geography of Bangladesh (natural environment, population, resources and economic base). The official paper is written, not multiple choice. This free bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation of the BPSC syllabus—not an official translation, format simulation, or substitute for 4-hour writing practice.

Assessment

Official paper: 200 marks in two parts of 100 marks each — Part I Physical Geography (Earth, lithosphere, tectonics, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere) and Part II Human Geography (80 marks within Part II) plus Geography of Bangladesh (20 marks within Part II). It is a descriptive written paper, not MCQ. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or format simulation.

Time Limit

4 hours for this 200-mark written paper (longstanding BPSC sitting practice for 200-mark written papers; confirm the current routine)

Passing Score

50% aggregate on the 900-mark written examination (BPSC page); per-paper minima also apply as set by BPSC. Confirm the current circular.

Exam Fee

Tk. 200 general (50th BCS); Tk. 50 for ethnic minority, persons with disabilities, and third-gender applicants; no separate written or viva fee. Confirm the live circular. (Bangladesh Public Service Commission (BPSC))

BCS Written Geography Exam Content Outline

50% of Part I (about 29% of this bank)

Part I Physical Geography: Earth, lithosphere and tectonics

Nature and scope of geomorphology; origin, motions, interior and geological time scale of the Earth; crustal composition, denudation, fluvial, glacial, aeolian, marine and karst landforms; Davisian cycle and pre-Davisian ideas; plate tectonics, continental drift, isostasy and gravity tectonics.

50% of Part I (about 21% of this bank)

Part I Atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere

Atmospheric composition, insolation, temperature, pressure belts, planetary winds, humidity, rainfall types, air masses, cyclones and climatic types; hydrological cycle, ocean floors, currents and marine resources; ecology, soil profile and forming factors, world soils, plant distributions, biodiversity and Bangladesh flora and fauna.

80 of Part II's 100 marks (about 40% of this bank)

Part II Human geography

Definition, branches and current approaches; man–environment interaction; population geography (distribution, fertility, mortality, migration, growth theories, projection, life table, policy); rural and urban settlements; primary, secondary and tertiary activities; urban structure, Christaller, growth poles and urban transport.

20 of Part II's 100 marks (about 10% of this bank)

Part II Geography of Bangladesh

Location and boundaries; relief and physiography; soils, rivers, climate, wetlands and natural hazards; population composition and dynamics; forests, agriculture, fisheries, minerals, energy, water and land; industry, transport, trade, urbanization and development.

How to Pass the BCS Written Geography Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 50% aggregate on the 900-mark written examination (BPSC page); per-paper minima also apply as set by BPSC. Confirm the current circular.
  • Assessment: Official paper: 200 marks in two parts of 100 marks each — Part I Physical Geography (Earth, lithosphere, tectonics, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere) and Part II Human Geography (80 marks within Part II) plus Geography of Bangladesh (20 marks within Part II). It is a descriptive written paper, not MCQ. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or format simulation.
  • Time limit: 4 hours for this 200-mark written paper (longstanding BPSC sitting practice for 200-mark written papers; confirm the current routine)
  • Exam fee: Tk. 200 general (50th BCS); Tk. 50 for ethnic minority, persons with disabilities, and third-gender applicants; no separate written or viva fee. Confirm the live circular.

Keys to Passing

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

BCS Written Geography Study Tips from Top Performers

1Treat Part I and Part II as equal 100-mark essays: physical processes and Bangladesh maps both need diagrams, not only definitions.
2For landforms, always name the agent (river, glacier, wind, wave, groundwater) and the stage (youth, maturity, old age in the Davisian scheme) before you write.
3Do not quote unpublished 2026 climate or census figures in answers; use processes, official published series, and named physiographic units.
4In human geography, contrast determinism, possibilism and neo-determinism, and be able to sketch Burgess, Hoyt, multiple-nuclei and Christaller's hexagons.
5For Bangladesh, memorise the three-fold physiography (floodplain, Pleistocene terrace, Tertiary hills), the Padma–Jamuna–Meghna system, haor/baor/beel wetlands, and the difference between Sundarbans mangrove and Madhupur sal forest.
6Use these MCQs to lock facts, then practise timed descriptive answers; the official paper is 4 hours of writing, not bubbling options.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is BCS Written Post-Related Geography?

It is BPSC Subject Code 311, a 200-mark written paper in the BCS written stage. Technical/professional cadre candidates whose post is linked to geography, and dual-cadre applicants, sit this paper in addition to the other written papers. General cadre candidates do not sit it.

Is the official Geography paper multiple choice?

No. The official paper is a 200-mark descriptive written examination. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation of the published syllabus, not an official translation, format simulation, or substitute for writing practice.

How are the 200 marks divided?

The BPSC syllabus splits the paper equally: Part I Physical Geography 100 marks, and Part II Human Geography and Geography of Bangladesh 100 marks. Within Part II, Human Geography is listed at 80 marks and Geography of Bangladesh at 20 marks.

What is the duration and pass standard?

BPSC 200-mark written papers on this site follow a 4-hour sitting; confirm the current routine. BPSC requires 50% aggregate on the 900-mark written examination, and per-paper minima also apply. Viva is a later stage: the official BPSC page still lists 200 marks with a 50% pass, while reporting from the 47th BCS onward has described a 100-mark viva—confirm the circular you are sitting.

What is the application fee?

There is no separate fee for the written Geography paper. For the 50th BCS the single application fee is Tk. 200 (general) or Tk. 50 (ethnic minority, persons with disabilities, third gender), paid via Teletalk. Confirm the live circular.

In what language is this practice bank?

Official BCS written papers may be answered in Bangla or English as permitted by BPSC rules. This bank is an original English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official BPSC paper or a translation of a past script.

Does this bank use unpublished 2026 climate statistics?

No. Items test syllabus concepts (monsoon climate, cyclone tracks, floodplain hazards) rather than invented annual rainfall or temperature figures for 2026. Use official BBS, BMD or SPARRSO releases if a circular asks for the latest published data.