Free PAF GD(P) Initial Selection Exam Flashcards

The differences are +4, +6, and +8. Continuing the even-number increments gives +10, so the next term is 33.

Split it into odd-position and even-position subsequences. For 2, 9, 4, 12, 6, 15, the odd terms rise by 2 and the even terms rise by 3, so the next term is 8.

The first differences are 5, 7, and 9; their differences are a constant 2. The next first difference is 11, making the next term 35.

The alphabet jumps are +3, +4, and +5. The next jump is +6: P moves to V.

Temperature. In both pairs, the first item is an instrument and the second is the quantity it measures.

A circle has no straight sides or vertices; each of the other figures is a polygon. State the single rule that separates one option from all the others.

No. The pilot trainees may be outside the cadet group. A valid conclusion must follow from the stated overlap, not from a possible diagram.

P must be false. This is modus tollens: P → Q and not-Q imply not-P.

It affirms the consequent. Q could have another cause, so the rule does not establish P from Q alone.

A before B before C. Convert each statement into a directional constraint, then join the shared element B.

Four kilometres north. The east and west movements cancel, leaving only the northward displacement.

Distance = speed × time. Rearranged, speed = distance/time and time = distance/speed; keep units consistent before calculating.

Their rates add: 1/6 + 1/3 = 1/2 task per hour. Time is the reciprocal, so they finish in 2 hours.

There are 5 ratio parts, so each part is 25/5 = 5. The groups contain 2×5 = 10 and 3×5 = 15 members.

They use different bases. Multiplying by 1.20 and then 0.80 gives 0.96, a net 4% decrease.

Its side lengths, angles, connectivity, and clockwise order remain unchanged. Its absolute orientation changes, but its handedness does not.

Test one simple rule across every row, then every column—such as addition, subtraction, rotation, count, or overlap. Reject a rule if it explains only one line.

'Is.' The subject is the singular noun 'list'; the prepositional phrase 'of candidates' does not change its number.

Its antecedent should be unmistakable and agree in number and person. Rewrite a sentence when two preceding nouns could both be 'it,' 'he,' 'she,' or 'they.'

By the opening sound: 'an hour' begins with a vowel sound, while 'a university' begins with a /y/ consonant sound.

'For.' Learn prepositions as part of fixed combinations: responsible for, capable of, interested in, and comply with.

Use present perfect for an unfinished time period or a past event linked to the present: 'She has completed three drills this week.' Use simple past with a finished past time: 'She completed one yesterday.'

It marks the earlier event: 'The briefing had ended before the transport arrived.' The later event normally uses simple past.

The object becomes the grammatical subject, and the verb becomes a form of 'be' plus the past participle: 'The team checked the aircraft' becomes 'The aircraft was checked by the team.'

Pronouns, time references, and often tense shift to match the reporting viewpoint: 'I will return tomorrow' may become 'She said that she would return the next day.'

The opening modifier wrongly describes 'the hangar' as flying. Name the actor immediately after the comma: 'Flying over the field, the pilot saw the hangar appear small.'

Make the list parallel: 'The role requires planning, accuracy, and clear communication,' or use three matching verb forms.

The first conditional: if + present simple, then will + base verb—for example, 'If visibility improves, the flight will depart.'

Use 'fewer' with countable plural nouns ('fewer errors') and 'less' with uncountable amounts ('less fuel'), subject to established expressions such as 'less than ten minutes.'

'Affect' is usually a verb meaning influence; 'effect' is usually a noun meaning result: 'Weather affects visibility; the effect is a delay.'

An adverb: 'The crew responded quickly.' After a linking verb, an adjective describes the subject: 'The response was quick.'

Use a semicolon, or a comma plus a coordinating conjunction: 'The wind increased; the crew waited' or 'The wind increased, so the crew waited.'

Look for definitions, contrasts, examples, cause-and-effect clues, and the word's grammatical role. Test the inferred meaning by rereading the entire sentence.

An inference combines specific textual evidence with a necessary or strongly supported conclusion. A guess cannot point to evidence that makes it more likely than alternatives.

Matching dimensions are necessary for a physical equation, so a mismatch proves it wrong. Matching dimensions do not prove it fully correct because numerical factors or dimensionless terms may still be wrong.

Ax = A cos θ and Ay = A sin θ. Signs come from the vector's quadrant, not from the formulas alone.

v = u + at and s = ut + ½at². They apply only when acceleration is constant over the interval.

Acceleration points in the direction of the net force, with Fnet = ma for constant mass. Individual forces do not separately determine the acceleration.

Impulse equals the change in momentum: J = Δp. For a constant or average force, J = FavgΔt, so lengthening stopping time reduces the average force for the same momentum change.

The net work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy: Wnet = ΔK. For conservative forces alone, total mechanical energy K + U remains constant.

Power is work per unit time. Instantaneously, P = F·v = Fv cos θ, where θ is the angle between force and velocity.

Centripetal acceleration ac = v²/r, directed toward the centre. 'Centripetal force' is the net inward force supplied by real forces, not an extra force.

Continuity gives A1v1 = A2v2, so speed increases in the narrower section. For ideal flow at equal height, Bernoulli's equation then associates the higher speed with lower static pressure.

v = fλ. When a wave enters a new medium, its frequency is set by the source and stays constant while speed and wavelength may change.

Approach raises the observed frequency because successive wavefronts arrive closer together; separation lowers it. The exact formula depends on whether the source, observer, or both move.

Light must travel from a higher refractive index to a lower one, and its incidence angle must exceed the critical angle.

Q is heat added to the system and W is work done by the system. In an adiabatic process Q = 0, so work done by the system reduces its internal energy.

Series components carry the same current and their voltage drops add. Parallel branches share the same voltage and their currents add at a junction.

Its magnitude depends on the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage. Its direction produces effects that oppose the flux change that caused it.

Higher frequency increases the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons. Greater intensity increases the number emitted per unit time, but does not raise their maximum kinetic energy.