Reading
Not publishedof exam
Writing
Not publishedof exam
Mathematics
Not publishedof exam
Quick Facts
- Format
- Computer-adaptive
- Subtests
- Reading, Writing, Mathematics
- Per subtest
- 30 questions
- Operational items
- 25 scored items
- Field-test items
- 5 unscored items
- Timing
- Untimed
- Score range
- 50-150 each
- Readiness scores
- R106 W103 M114
- Result
- Placement, not pass/fail
- Navigation
- No backtracking
- Calculator
- On-screen when available
Author Purpose Check
Text, Audience, Purpose, Evidence
Inspect whole selectionProve intended effect
Main Idea vs Detail
Main idea
- Covers entire selection
- Connects major details
Detail
- Supports one point
- Often narrowly specific
Prefer broad supported coverage
Reading Answer Picker
- Asks central point→Choose whole-passage claim(Reject narrow details)
- Asks explicit detail→Locate matching words(Avoid added inference)
- Asks inference→Combine clues cautiously(Require textual support)
- Asks word meaning→Substitute each choice(Preserve sentence meaning)
- Asks author purpose→Identify intended effect(Use whole text)
- Asks tone→Collect loaded words(Match degree precisely)
- Asks structure→Trace paragraph roles(Follow transitions)
- Asks best evidence→Choose direct proof(Strongest textual link)
Main Ideas
- Main idea
- Central point spanning text
- Summary
- Main idea plus essentials
- Explicit detail
- Directly stated information
- Inference
- Evidence plus sound reasoning
- Theme
- General insight revealed
- Author purpose
- Reason for writing
- Tone
- Attitude conveyed through language
- Point of view
- Narrator's perspective
Inference vs Assumption
Inference
- Built from clues
- Must fit all evidence
Assumption
- Imports outside ideas
- Not required by text
Demand textual necessity
Evidence
- Best evidence
- Most direct textual support
- Assertion
- Claim requiring support
- Fact
- Objectively verifiable statement
- Opinion
- Judgment or belief
- Valid inference
- Text necessarily supports it
- Assumption
- Unstated outside idea
- Counterclaim
- Opposing position
- Rhetoric
- Persuasive language choices
Fact vs Opinion
Fact
- Can be verified
- Evidence settles truth
Opinion
- Expresses judgment
- Reasonable views may differ
Test objective verifiability
Text Structure
- Chronological
- Events follow time
- Cause and effect
- Reasons produce outcomes
- Compare and contrast
- Similarities and differences
- Problem and solution
- Issue followed by response
- Description
- Features supported by examples
- Transition
- Signals idea relationship
- Sentence relationship
- Connection between nearby ideas
- Organization
- Arrangement shapes meaning
Words and Tone
- Context clues
- Nearby meaning signals
- Denotation
- Literal dictionary meaning
- Connotation
- Emotional association
- Figurative meaning
- Nonliteral comparison
- Pronoun reference
- Nearest logical antecedent
- Word choice
- Creates tone and precision
- Multiple texts
- Compare claims and evidence
- Character trait
- Revealed through actions
Coordinating Conjunctions
For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
Join equal structuresComma between full clauses
Fragment vs Run-on
Fragment
- Incomplete thought
- Cannot stand alone
Run-on
- Multiple complete thoughts
- Missing valid boundary
Count complete clauses first
Writing Edit Picker
- Clause lacks completeness→Repair fragment(Add independent clause)
- Two clauses collide→Repair run-on(Use valid boundary)
- Verb choice differs→Find true subject(Ignore interrupting phrases)
- Pronoun choice differs→Check antecedent and role(Match number and case)
- Modifier seems misplaced→Move beside target(Name logical actor)
- Transition choices differ→Name idea relationship(Contrast, cause, example)
- Sentence seems wordy→Keep precise version(Preserve full meaning)
- Paragraph order changes→Build logical progression(Thesis before support)
Development
- Thesis
- Focused controlling claim
- Topic sentence
- States paragraph focus
- Support
- Reasons, examples, or data
- Source synthesis
- Combines relevant information
- Attribution
- Credits borrowed ideas
- Unity
- Every sentence advances focus
- Coherence
- Ideas flow logically
- Transition
- Shows idea relationship
- Counterargument
- Acknowledges opposing view
- Conclusion
- Synthesizes central claim
Three Soundalikes
Their owns; there points; they're expands
Their shows possessionThey're means they are
Semicolon vs Comma
Semicolon
- Joins complete clauses
- Needs no conjunction
Comma
- Marks lighter separation
- Needs coordinating conjunction
Check both clause sides
Sentence Boundaries
- Independent clause
- Complete standalone thought
- Dependent clause
- Cannot stand alone
- Fragment
- Lacks independent clause
- Run-on
- Unjoined independent clauses
- Comma splice
- Clauses joined by comma
- Coordination
- Joins equal ideas
- Subordination
- Shows unequal ideas
- Parallelism
- Matches grammatical forms
Its vs It's
Its
- Shows possession
- Contains no apostrophe
It's
- Means it is
- Sometimes means it has
Expand contraction mentally
Agreement and Modifiers
- Subject-verb agreement
- Subject controls verb number
- Each or either
- Takes singular verb
- Compound subject
- Usually takes plural verb
- Pronoun agreement
- Matches antecedent number
- Pronoun case
- Role determines form
- Modifier placement
- Place near target
- Dangling modifier
- Missing logical actor
- Verb tense
- Keep timeline consistent
- Adjective
- Modifies noun or pronoun
- Adverb
- Modifies verb, adjective, adverb
Punctuation and Words
- Introductory comma
- Separates opening element
- Semicolon
- Joins related complete clauses
- Colon
- Introduces after complete clause
- Apostrophe
- Shows possession or contraction
- Its
- Possessive form
- It's
- Means it is
- Their
- Possessive plural pronoun
- There
- Place or existence
- They're
- Means they are
- Conciseness
- Removes needless repetition
Order of Operations
Parentheses, Exponents, Multiply, Divide, Add, Subtract
Multiply and divide left-to-rightAdd and subtract left-to-right
Factor vs Solve
Factor
- Rewrite as product
- Expression has no answer
Solve
- Find variable values
- Equation includes equality
Read requested operation
Math Method Picker
- One linear variable→Inverse operations(Check by substitution)
- Variable appears twice→Combine like terms(Simplify both sides)
- Negative scales inequality→Reverse inequality sign(Only then flip)
- Quadratic equals zero→Factor or formula(Find every root)
- Two linear equations→Substitution or elimination(Choose easier cancellation)
- Line uses two points→Compute slope first(Then find intercept)
- Rational expression→State excluded values(Factor before canceling)
- Word problem→Define variables first(Check units and reasonableness)
Algebra Essentials
- Absolute value
- Distance from zero
- Percent
- Part divided by whole times 100
- Proportion
- Equal ratios
- Product powers
- Add like-base exponents
- Quotient powers
- Subtract like-base exponents
- Power of power
- Multiply exponents
- Negative exponent
- Use reciprocal power
- Zero exponent
- Nonzero base equals one
Binomial Multiplication
First, Outer, Inner, Last
Multiply four pairsCombine like terms
Parallel vs Perpendicular
Parallel
- Same slope
- Distinct lines never intersect
Perpendicular
- Negative reciprocals when defined
- Forms right angle
Compare slopes, not intercepts
Equation Methods
- Linear equation
- Apply inverse operations
- Literal equation
- Isolate requested variable
- Inequality
- Flip after negative scaling
- Absolute equation
- Split positive and negative
- Substitution
- Replace isolated variable
- Elimination
- Cancel one variable
- Quadratic standard form
- ax² + bx + c = 0
- Zero-product rule
- Set each factor zero
Polynomials and Factoring
- Like terms
- Same variables and exponents
- FOIL
- Multiply two binomials
- GCF
- Factor greatest common factor
- Trinomial factoring
- Product c, sum b
- a² - b²
- (a - b)(a + b)
- Perfect square
- First, double, last pattern
- Rational restriction
- Denominator cannot equal zero
- Complex fraction
- Clear common denominator
Coordinate Geometry
- Slope
- Rise divided by run
- Parallel lines
- Equal slopes
- Perpendicular lines
- Negative reciprocals when defined
- X-intercept
- Set y to zero
- Y-intercept
- Set x to zero
- Distance
- Square root of squared changes
- Midpoint
- Average corresponding coordinates
- Slope-intercept form
- y = mx + b
Common Traps
Adaptive Navigation
Answer before moving forward ≠ Submitted answers stay locked
Calculator Availability
Personal calculators are prohibited ≠ Icon appears selectively
Outside Knowledge
Text evidence controls ≠ Plausible is not supported
Negative Inequalities
Flip only during negative scaling ≠ Do not flip during addition
Canceled Factors
Factor before canceling ≠ Cancel factors, not terms
Sounding Correct
Speech can hide errors ≠ Identify clause structure
Last Minute
- 1.Know readiness scores 106 103 114
- 2.Expect thirty items each
- 3.Remember answers lock
- 4.Use only provided calculator
- 5.Prove reading answers from text
- 6.Name every clause boundary
- 7.Check subject before verb
- 8.Place modifiers beside targets
- 9.Factor before canceling
- 10.Flip negative-scaled inequalities
- 11.Check every algebra solution
- 12.Use untimed pace carefully
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