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Key Facts: Kwalifikacja Wstępna D Exam

30 questions

20 basic + 10 specialist

Dz.U. 2022 poz. 739, § 31

45 min

Test time

Dz.U. 2022 poz. 739, § 31

16/20 + 5/10

Minimum correct answers

Dz.U. 2022 poz. 739, § 31

50 PLN

Test fee

Dz.U. 2022 poz. 739, § 45

280 h / 140 h

Full / accelerated course

Dz.U. 2022 poz. 739, Annex 1 (as amended)

4 languages

Polish, English, Ukrainian, Russian

WORD Warszawa / WORD Katowice

5 years

Periodic training cycle

Road Transport Act, art. 39d

Poland's passenger-block kwalifikacja wstępna test (Code 95) is a 45-minute computer test at WORD with 30 single-choice questions: 20 basic and 10 specialist. You pass with at least 16 basic and 5 specialist answers correct; the fee is 50 PLN, and WORD centres offer it in Polish, English, Ukrainian and Russian. These independent English practice questions follow the official training topics but are not the official catalogue.

Sample Kwalifikacja Wstępna D Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Kwalifikacja Wstępna D exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A coach engine's data sheet shows maximum torque of 2,600 Nm at 1,000–1,400 rpm and maximum power of 375 kW at 1,800 rpm. What does this tell the driver?
A.The engine should be held near 1,800 rpm at all times because that is where it is most economical
B.Maximum torque and maximum power are reached at the same engine speed
C.Pulling force peaks low in the rev range, while maximum power comes at higher rpm
D.The engine produces no useful torque at all below 1,800 rpm
Explanation: Torque is the turning force; power is the rate of doing work, equal to torque multiplied by engine speed, so maximum power occurs at a higher engine speed than maximum torque. For smooth, economical driving the coach is kept in the low-rpm torque band; peak power is needed only when maximum performance is required, such as on a steep climb.
2Why should a bus driver choose gears that keep the rev-counter needle in the green band (zielone pole)?
A.It is the economical range, giving low fuel use with smooth and quiet running
B.It is the range in which the retarder is automatically switched off
C.It is the only range in which the anti-lock braking system works
D.It shows the engine speeds at which the gearbox may safely be put in neutral
Explanation: The green band marks engine speeds with low specific fuel consumption and enough torque to move the bus. Driving in it saves fuel and, with less noise and vibration, also makes the ride more comfortable for passengers.
3A coach accelerates from 60 km/h to 90 km/h. By what factor does its kinetic energy increase?
A.1.5 times
B.2 times
C.3 times
D.2.25 times
Explanation: Kinetic energy is proportional to the square of speed (E = ½·m·v²). The speed ratio is 90 ÷ 60 = 1.5, so the energy ratio is 1.5² = 2.25. The brakes must absorb 2.25 times as much energy to stop the coach from 90 km/h.
4A fully loaded coach is descending a long mountain pass. Why is the retarder the right brake for controlling its speed?
A.It recharges the batteries faster than the alternator, so the lights stay bright on the descent
B.It provides continuous, wear-free braking and keeps the wheel brakes cool for emergencies
C.It increases engine power so the coach can clear the pass more quickly
D.It locks the steering axle so the coach stays straight in the bends
Explanation: A retarder (hydrodynamic or electromagnetic) slows the driveline without friction linings, turning kinetic energy into heat that is carried away by the cooling system or the air. Used on long descents, it prevents the wheel brakes from overheating and fading, so their full capacity remains available for an emergency stop.
5Why should a bus driver reduce or switch off the retarder on a snow-covered road?
A.Because the retarder drains the air needed for the passenger doors
B.Because the retarder does not work at all below freezing
C.Because it brakes only the drive axle, so the rear wheels can lose grip and the bus may skid
D.Because it brakes the steering axle and stops the bus responding properly to the steering wheel
Explanation: A driveline retarder acts through the drive axle. On snow or ice, strong retarder torque can exceed the available grip, so the rear wheels slide and the bus can swing out of line. Many systems let the ABS cut retarder torque, but the driver should still reduce or disable it on slippery roads.
6What can happen in winter if a bus's air-dryer cartridge is saturated and no longer removes moisture from the compressed air?
A.The engine will lose power because the charge air reaching the cylinders is too humid
B.Nothing, because compressed air cannot contain water
C.The air suspension will automatically raise the bus to its highest level
D.Water can freeze in valves and lines, affecting the brakes, doors and suspension
Explanation: On a bus, compressed air operates the brakes and often the doors and air suspension. If the air dryer no longer works, water condenses in the system and can freeze in valves and lines in winter, causing faults in these safety-critical systems. The cartridge must be replaced at the intervals the manufacturer specifies.
7What happens to the spring brakes of a bus if all the air pressure is lost, for example through a burst line?
A.They apply automatically, because air no longer holds back the springs
B.They release completely, so the bus can roll freely down any slope
C.They work only if the driver pumps the brake pedal
D.They are unaffected, because they run on hydraulic fluid
Explanation: In a spring brake chamber, compressed air holds back a strong spring. If the pressure is lost, the spring applies the brake. This fail-safe design is why a bus with a major air leak can be brought to a stop by its spring brakes, and why the driver must react early to a low-pressure warning.
8While carrying passengers on an expressway, the driver sees the air-pressure gauge falling towards the warning level. What should the driver do?
A.Keep driving at the same speed and tell the passengers there is nothing to worry about
B.Pump the brake pedal several times to bring the pressure back up
C.Stop safely off the carriageway as soon as possible, secure the bus and find the cause
D.Accelerate to reach the next town before the brakes are affected
Explanation: Falling pressure means a leak or a compressor fault. Service braking may become weaker, and if the pressure keeps falling the spring brakes can apply, which at speed is dangerous. The driver should stop in a safe place, secure the vehicle and the passengers, and have the fault found before continuing.
9A bus driver brakes hard while swerving around an obstacle. How does the anti-lock braking system (ABS) help?
A.It locks all the wheels so that the bus stops in the shortest possible distance on any surface
B.It keeps the wheels from locking, so the driver can still steer round the obstacle
C.It reduces engine power so the bus cannot accelerate during braking
D.It applies the parking brake automatically once the speed falls below 30 km/h
Explanation: ABS monitors wheel speed and briefly releases and reapplies the brake on any wheel that starts to lock. A wheel that keeps turning keeps its lateral grip, so the bus can be steered while braking hard. ABS does not guarantee a shorter stopping distance on every surface.
10A loaded bus moves off from an icy stop. What does the anti-slip regulation (ASR / traction control) do?
A.It prevents passengers from slipping on the floor of the gangway
B.It heats the windscreen and mirrors so they do not ice up while the bus is moving off
C.It applies the bus stop brake while the doors are open
D.It brakes a spinning drive wheel and cuts engine torque so the bus moves off
Explanation: When a drive wheel starts to spin on a slippery surface, ASR brakes that wheel and/or reduces engine torque, so the drive force goes to the wheel with grip and the bus moves off in a stable way. It does not replace careful use of the accelerator on ice.

About the Kwalifikacja Wstępna D Exam

The test kwalifikacyjny for kwalifikacja wstępna and kwalifikacja wstępna przyspieszona in the passenger block (categories D1, D1+E, D and D+E) is Poland's state test for professional bus and coach drivers under the Road Transport Act, which implements Directive (EU) 2022/2561 (the codified Directive 2003/59/EC). Since 6 April 2022 it has been held at WORD centres as a computer-based single-choice test, and passing it leads to a certificate of professional competence and the Code 95 entry. OpenExamPrep's bank is independent English-language practice and does not reproduce the non-public official question catalogue.

Exam sponsor: Wojewódzki ośrodek ruchu drogowego (WORD). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Questions

30 questions

Time Limit

45 minutes

Passing Score

At least 16 of 20 basic and 5 of 10 specialist answers correct

Exam / Certification Fees

50 PLN

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

4–6 of 30 questions

Rational Driving & Vehicle Technology (1.1–1.2)

Torque, power and fuel-consumption curves, the economical rev range, braking systems and retarders, and ABS, ASR, ESP, AEBS and other driver-assistance systems.

2–3 of 30 questions

Drivers' Hours, Tachographs & Social Rules (2.1)

Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 including the 12-day rule, Regulation (EU) No 165/2014 and penalties, Polish drivers' working-time rules, and qualification and periodic-training obligations.

4–6 of 30 questions

Accident Risks & Emergency Response (3.1, 3.5)

Road and work accident risks, assessing emergencies, calling for help, first aid, fire, passenger evacuation and keeping all passengers safe.

4–6 of 30 questions

Health, Ergonomics & Fitness (3.3–3.4)

Ergonomics and manual handling, physical risks, healthy eating, alcohol and medicines, fatigue, stress and the work-rest cycle.

4–6 of 30 questions

Crime Prevention & Company Image (3.2, 3.6)

Smuggling and illegal migration, passenger security, conflict and aggression, service quality, customer contact, vehicle upkeep and work organisation.

2–4 of 30 questions

Fuel Economy, Special Conditions & Hazard Anticipation (1.5, 1.6(a))

Anticipation, distance keeping, economical driving and auxiliary loads, descents, weather hazards, distraction and vulnerable road users.

2–4 of 30 questions

Passenger Comfort, Safety & Vehicle Loading (1.6, 1.7)

Longitudinal and lateral forces, smooth braking, overhang swing, passengers with special needs, passenger distribution, payload and stability.

2–4 of 30 questions

Passenger Transport Rules & Market (2.3, 3.8)

Regular, special regular and occasional services, journey forms, passenger rights under Regulation (EU) No 181/2011, safety equipment and seat belts, and the passenger transport market.

Preparing for the Kwalifikacja Wstępna D Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: At least 16 of 20 basic and 5 of 10 specialist answers correct
  • Exam length: 30 questions
  • Time limit: 45 minutes
  • Exam / certification fees: 50 PLN Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Kwalifikacja Wstępna D: Suggested Study Strategy

1Learn the EU drivers' hours limits, the split break (15 + 30 minutes) and the 12-day rule for single international occasional coach services.
2Remember that Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 does not apply to regular passenger services on routes up to 50 km; Polish working-time law covers those drivers.
3Know the passenger rights in Regulation (EU) No 181/2011: re-routing or refund after a cancellation or a departure delay of more than 120 minutes on services of 250 km or more.
4Practise passenger-comfort techniques: early, progressive braking, smooth steering in bends and checking the rear overhang swing when leaving stops.
5Revise emergency procedures: evacuation priorities, roof hatches and emergency windows, and Polish breakdown signalling rules.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the kwalifikacja wstępna test for category D?

It is the state test kwalifikacyjny that completes the initial qualification course (280 hours) or the accelerated initial qualification course (140 hours) for the passenger block, which covers categories D1, D1+E, D and D+E. Passing it leads to a certificate of professional competence and the Code 95 entry in the driving licence.

Where is the test taken and who runs it?

Since 6 April 2022 the test has been run by wojewódzkie ośrodki ruchu drogowego (WORD) in their theory exam rooms, on the WORD computer system, after the candidate registers with their PKZ number.

How many questions are there and what is the pass mark?

There are 30 single-choice questions in 45 minutes: 20 basic and 10 specialist. You need at least 16 correct basic answers and at least 5 correct specialist answers; marking more than one answer, or none, counts as a wrong answer.

In which languages can the test be taken?

WORD centres such as Warszawa and Katowice offer the test in Polish, English, Ukrainian and Russian. Check language availability with your WORD when you book.

What is the difference between the full and the accelerated qualification for buses?

Under Article 39a of the Road Transport Act, a driver may drive categories D or D+E professionally from age 21 after the full kwalifikacja wstępna (280 hours), or from age 23 after the accelerated course (140 hours); the accelerated course allows D or D+E from 21 on regular lines up to 50 km, and D1 or D1+E from 21. Both courses end with the same 30-question test.

Is this practice bank the official question catalogue?

No. The official catalogue of up to 1,500 questions is not public. This is an independent English-language practice bank based on the official training topics in Annex 1 to Dz.U. 2022 poz. 739, as amended. It does not replace the compulsory course, including its practical driving training.