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100+ Free OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Practice Questions

Pass your Oklahoma Subject Area Test Biological Sciences (110) exam on the first try — instant access, no signup required.

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A point mutation changes one codon from GAA to GAG, but both codons specify glutamic acid. What type of mutation is this?

A
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D
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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Exam

OK110

Current CEOE Test Code

CEOE tests page

80 + 1

Selected-Response Questions + Constructed-Response Assignment

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test page and test design/framework

4h / 4h15m

CBT Testing Time / Total Appointment

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test page

3h / 3h15m

Online-Proctored Testing Time / Total Appointment

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test page

240

Scaled Passing Score

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test page and CEOE Understanding Your Test Results

$118

Official Test Fee

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test page

33%

Structures and Processes of Cells and Organisms Weight

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test design and framework

15%

Constructed-Response Weight

CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test design and framework

For 2026 planning, the CEOE OSAT Biological Sciences (110) test is offered as CBT and online proctoring. The official test design lists 80 selected-response questions and 1 constructed-response assignment, a 240 scaled passing score, and a $118 test fee. CBT provides 4 hours of testing time inside a 4 hour 15 minute appointment; online proctoring provides 3 hours of testing time inside a 3 hour 15 minute appointment. The official framework weights selected-response content as Structures and Processes of Cells and Organisms 33%, Ecosystem Energy Flow, Interactions, and Dynamics 26%, and Heredity and Evolution 26%; the constructed-response assignment contributes 15%.

Sample OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your OSAT Biological Sciences (110) exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which property of water most directly explains why sweating helps cool the human body?
A.Water has a high heat of vaporization, so evaporation removes substantial thermal energy from skin
B.Water is nonpolar, so it dissolves oils on the skin surface
C.Water has a low specific heat, so it changes temperature almost instantly
D.Water forms peptide bonds, so it can break down proteins during exercise
Explanation: Hydrogen bonding gives water a high heat of vaporization. When sweat evaporates, many hydrogen bonds must be disrupted, and the required energy is drawn from the skin as heat.
2A student identifies starch in a seed as a polysaccharide. What is the main biological function of starch in plants?
A.It stores glucose units that can be broken down later for energy
B.It forms the phospholipid bilayer of plant cell membranes
C.It catalyzes photosynthetic reactions in chloroplasts
D.It carries amino acids to ribosomes during translation
Explanation: Starch is a storage carbohydrate made of many glucose monomers. Plants can hydrolyze starch when glucose is needed for cellular respiration or biosynthesis.
3Which observation best supports cell theory?
A.New cells appear when existing cells divide
B.Viruses contain either DNA or RNA
C.Mitochondria release carbon dioxide during respiration
D.Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light
Explanation: A core idea of cell theory is that cells arise from preexisting cells. Observing cell division directly supports that principle.
4Which structure is found in prokaryotic cells but is not a membrane-bound organelle?
A.Ribosome
B.Nucleus
C.Golgi apparatus
D.Mitochondrion
Explanation: Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles but do contain ribosomes for protein synthesis. Their genetic material is typically located in a nucleoid region rather than a nucleus.
5Why do enzymes usually function best within a limited temperature range?
A.Their three-dimensional shape can be disrupted when thermal motion becomes too great
B.They are consumed as reactants whenever temperature rises
C.They stop lowering activation energy at all temperatures above freezing
D.They work only when covalent bonds in the substrate are already broken
Explanation: Enzyme active sites depend on protein shape. Excessive heat can disrupt weak interactions that maintain that shape, reducing binding and catalysis.
6In a phospholipid bilayer, why do the fatty acid tails face inward?
A.They are hydrophobic and avoid contact with the watery environments inside and outside the cell
B.They carry positive charges that bind directly to DNA
C.They are enzymes that digest material entering the cell
D.They are made of glucose and dissolve readily in cytoplasm
Explanation: Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. In water, the tails cluster inward while the heads face the aqueous cytoplasm and extracellular fluid.
7Which process directly produces oxygen gas during photosynthesis?
A.Splitting water during the light-dependent reactions
B.Fixing carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle
C.Breaking glucose in glycolysis
D.Reducing pyruvate during fermentation
Explanation: Oxygen released by photosynthesis comes from water molecules split in the light-dependent reactions. The electrons help replace those lost by chlorophyll, while oxygen exits as a by-product.
8Which statement correctly compares mitosis and meiosis?
A.Mitosis usually produces genetically similar somatic cells, while meiosis produces genetically varied gametes
B.Mitosis reduces chromosome number by half, while meiosis preserves chromosome number
C.Mitosis requires two nuclear divisions, while meiosis requires one
D.Mitosis occurs only in bacteria, while meiosis occurs in all prokaryotes
Explanation: Mitosis supports growth and repair by making daughter cells with the same chromosome number. Meiosis includes reduction division and recombination, producing haploid gametes with genetic variation.
9Which plant tissue primarily transports sugars from leaves to growing roots and fruits?
A.Phloem
B.Xylem
C.Epidermis
D.Cork cambium
Explanation: Phloem moves dissolved sugars and other organic compounds from sources such as leaves to sinks such as roots, fruits, and developing tissues. Xylem primarily transports water and minerals.
10Which organ system most directly removes nitrogenous wastes from human blood while helping regulate water and ion balance?
A.Urinary system
B.Digestive system
C.Integumentary system
D.Skeletal system
Explanation: The kidneys filter blood, excrete nitrogenous wastes such as urea, and regulate water, salts, and pH. These functions are central to homeostasis.

About the OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Exam

OSAT Biological Sciences (110), listed by CEOE as OK110, is the Oklahoma Subject Area Test for biological sciences teacher certification candidates. The official framework measures structures and processes of cells and organisms; ecosystem energy flow, interactions, and dynamics; heredity and evolution; and a constructed-response assignment focused on analyzing a biology lesson plan and student work sample for Oklahoma Academic Standards for Science or Next Generation Science Standards.

Assessment

80 selected-response questions and 1 constructed-response assignment

Time Limit

CBT: 4h 15m appointment (4h testing); online proctoring: 3h 15m appointment (3h testing)

Passing Score

240 (scaled)

Exam Fee

$118 (Certification Examinations for Oklahoma Educators (CEOE) / Pearson)

OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Exam Content Outline

33%

Structures and Processes of Cells and Organisms

Characteristics and roles of common elements and bonds; macromolecules; water; DNA and RNA; protein structure and enzyme action; cell theory; prokaryotic, plant, animal, and protist cells; viruses; organelles and cellular processes; cellular differentiation; membrane transport and homeostasis; endocrine, synaptic, and hormonal communication; eukaryotic cell cycle; mitosis, meiosis, and chromosomal errors; photosynthesis; cellular respiration; ATP production; organismal hierarchy; plant and animal physiology; behavior; and model-organism life cycles.

26%

Ecosystem Energy Flow, Interactions, and Dynamics

Competition, predation, parasitism, biomes, ecosystem components, abiotic and biotic factors, population size and growth, sampling methods, mathematical models, ecological succession, ecosystem stability and change, biome degradation, primary producers, consumers, decomposers, trophic levels, the 10 percent rule, ecological pyramids, biogeochemical cycles, bacteria in nutrient cycling, renewable and nonrenewable resources, pollution, remediation, biotechnology and society, habitat fragmentation, invasive species, overharvesting, acid rain, and human population dynamics.

26%

Heredity and Evolution

DNA, alleles, genes, chromosomes, DNA replication and mutation, transcription, translation, mRNA, tRNA, prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene regulation, genetic engineering tools including electrophoresis, sequencing, plasmids, medical biotechnology, GMOs and CRISPR-Cas9, Mendelian experiments, genotype and phenotype models, Punnett squares, pedigrees, complete dominance, incomplete dominance, codominance, sex linkage, multiple alleles, polygenic traits, mitochondrial and chloroplast inheritance, genetic disorders, natural selection, adaptation, reproductive strategies, speciation, population genetics, allele-frequency change, taxonomy, dichotomous keys, phylogenetic trees, and cladograms.

15%

Constructed-Response Assignment

Analyze a lesson plan and student work sample for a learning standard in the Oklahoma Academic Standards for Science or Next Generation Science Standards; identify specific student strengths and needs using work-sample evidence; describe differentiated instructional strategies; and explain implications for future instruction for individual students, the unit, and general instructional practice.

How to Pass the OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: 240 (scaled)
  • Assessment: 80 selected-response questions and 1 constructed-response assignment
  • Time limit: CBT: 4h 15m appointment (4h testing); online proctoring: 3h 15m appointment (3h testing)
  • Exam fee: $118

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

OSAT Biological Sciences (110) Study Tips from Top Performers

1Study in proportion to the official framework: cells and organisms are the largest selected-response domain, while ecosystems and heredity/evolution are equally weighted.
2For structures and processes, connect molecular structure to function across water, macromolecules, enzymes, membranes, organelles, photosynthesis, respiration, cell division, plant systems, animal systems, and homeostasis.
3For ecosystems, practice interpreting models: growth curves, food webs, ecological pyramids, biogeochemical cycles, sampling designs, succession sequences, and human-impact scenarios.
4For heredity and evolution, work through transcription, translation, mutations, genetic engineering tools, Punnett squares, pedigrees, Hardy-Weinberg calculations, selection mechanisms, speciation, taxonomy, and cladograms.
5For the constructed response, practice citing exact evidence from student work before recommending differentiated strategies.
6When reviewing lesson-plan scenarios, explicitly tie strategies to Oklahoma Academic Standards for Science or NGSS-style learning goals, student strengths and needs, and future instruction.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on OSAT Biological Sciences (110)?

The official CEOE test page and framework list 80 selected-response questions and 1 constructed-response assignment. CEOE also notes that tests may include questions being evaluated for future administrations that do not affect a candidate's score.

How long is the OSAT Biological Sciences test?

For computer-based testing, the appointment is 4 hours and 15 minutes total, including 15 minutes for the CBT tutorial and nondisclosure agreement plus 4 hours of testing time. For online proctoring, the appointment is 3 hours and 15 minutes total, including 15 minutes for tutorial and nondisclosure agreement plus 3 hours of testing time.

What score do I need to pass OSAT Biological Sciences?

The official passing score is 240. CEOE reports total test scores as scaled scores, and its test-results page identifies 240 as the minimum passing scaled score for CEOE assessments.

How much does OSAT Biological Sciences (110) cost?

The official CEOE Biological Sciences (110) test page lists the test fee as $118. Candidates should verify the fee during registration because fees can change.

What content is weighted most heavily?

Structures and Processes of Cells and Organisms is the largest selected-response subarea at 33%. Ecosystem Energy Flow, Interactions, and Dynamics and Heredity and Evolution each count for 26%, and the constructed-response assignment counts for 15%.

Does OSAT Biological Sciences include a constructed response?

Yes. The official framework assigns 15% of the test to a constructed-response assignment that asks candidates to analyze a lesson plan and student work sample tied to Oklahoma Academic Standards for Science or Next Generation Science Standards and describe differentiated instructional strategies.