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Exam Review

Key Facts: UEE Biology Exam

80 minutes

Exam Duration

EEC (eec.mn/post/6813)

50 (46 + 4)

Tasks

EEC 2026 blueprint and paper

200–800

Score Scale

EEC (eec.mn/en/?p=935)

5,800 MNT

Fee

EEC fee notice (2023)

UEE Biology is an 80-minute EEC paper with 50 tasks (46 five-option items plus 4 open tasks); results are reported on a 200–800 scale. The 2026 weights are structure and life processes 44%, heredity and development 34%, interactions 12% and classification 10%.

Sample UEE Biology Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the UEE Biology exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which organelle features an inner membrane folded into cristae to maximize the surface area for ATP synthase and electron transport chain complexes?
A.Peroxisome
B.Golgi apparatus
C.Endoplasmic reticulum
D.Mitochondrion
Explanation: Mitochondria possess a double membrane; their inner membrane is deeply folded into cristae, greatly expanding the surface area for the respiratory electron transport chain complexes and ATP synthase enzymes driving oxidative phosphorylation.
2What structural characteristic differentiates prokaryotic ribosomes from the cytosolic ribosomes of eukaryotic cells?
A.Prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S complexes composed of 40S and 60S subunits
B.Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S complexes composed of 30S and 50S subunits
C.Prokaryotic ribosomes lack ribosomal RNA and consist entirely of basic proteins
D.Prokaryotic ribosomes are enclosed within a double-membrane ribonucleoprotein envelope
Explanation: Prokaryotic ribosomes have a sedimentation coefficient of 70S and dissociate into small (30S) and large (50S) subunits. In contrast, eukaryotic cytosolic ribosomes are 80S complexes composed of 40S and 60S subunits.
3Which organelle maintains an acidic internal lumen (pH 4.5–5.0) via proton pumps and contains hydrolytic enzymes responsible for autophagy and heterophagy?
A.Centrosome
B.Glyoxysome
C.Lysosome
D.Ribosome
Explanation: Lysosomes are spherical membrane-bound vesicles that actively pump protons (H+) into their lumen to maintain an acidic environment (pH ~5.0). This optimal pH activates acid hydrolases that digest phagocytosed debris, damaged organelles (autophagy), and extracellular macromolecules.
4Which of the following functions is primarily attributed to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum rather than the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
A.Synthesis of secretory proteins targeted for the plasma membrane
B.Addition of initial N-linked oligosaccharide cores to nascent polypeptides
C.Lipid and steroid hormone biosynthesis, and intracellular calcium storage
D.Assembly of amino acids into peptide chains via membrane-bound 80S ribosomes
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) lacks surface ribosomes and specializes in the enzymatic synthesis of lipids, phospholipids, and steroid hormones, detoxification of lipophilic drugs, and sequestering calcium ions (as in the sarcoplasmic reticulum).
5Which sequence lists the main taxonomic ranks correctly, from the most inclusive (broadest) to the least inclusive?
A.Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species
B.Kingdom → Class → Phylum → Order → Family → Genus → Species
C.Kingdom → Phylum → Order → Class → Family → Genus → Species
D.Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Genus → Family → Species
Explanation: In the Linnaean hierarchy each rank contains the ranks below it: a kingdom contains phyla, a phylum contains classes, then orders, families, genera, and finally species. (Plant classification traditionally uses 'division' in place of phylum.)
6Where are the photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes and the light-driven ATP synthase localized within a chloroplast?
A.Stroma matrix
B.Thylakoid membrane
C.Outer chloroplast envelope
D.Intermembrane space
Explanation: Chlorophylls, accessory carotenoid pigments, Photosystems I and II, and the chloroplast ATP synthase enzyme are embedded within the thylakoid membranes, which are arranged in stacked discs called grana.
7Which of the following structures is found in both typical Gram-negative eubacteria and eukaryotic plant cells?
A.Mitochondria
B.Nuclear envelope
C.Cell wall
D.Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Both bacterial cells and plant cells possess a cell wall outside the plasma membrane, though their chemical compositions differ (peptidoglycan in bacteria versus cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin in plants).
8How does cholesterol influence the physical properties of animal plasma membranes at varying physiological temperatures?
A.It permanently solidifies the lipid bilayer into an impermeable crystalline gel regardless of ambient temperature
B.It dissolves transmembrane proteins to allow free unrestricted lipid lateral diffusion
C.It acts as a bidirectional fluidity buffer, restraining phospholipid motion at warm temperatures while preventing fatty acid chain crystallization at low temperatures
D.It hydrolyzes sphingolipids into free glycerol and inorganic phosphate during cold shock
Explanation: Cholesterol functions as a membrane fluidity buffer. At moderate to high temperatures (e.g., 37 °C), its rigid planar steroid ring restrains the lateral movement of fatty acyl chains, reducing permeability. At low temperatures, it disrupts close, regular packing of hydrocarbon tails, inhibiting gel-phase crystallization.
9When a living plant cell with an internal solute concentration of 0.3 M is placed into a hypertonic sucrose solution (0.8 M), what physiological phenomenon occurs?
A.Sucrose molecules rush inward across the plasma membrane by facilitated diffusion, generating extreme turgor pressure
B.Water enters the cell rapidly until osmotic pressure causes the cellulose cell wall to lyse
C.Active proton efflux ceases completely, causing immediate cytoplasmic alkalosis and swelling
D.Water leaves the vacuole and cytoplasm by osmosis, causing the protoplast to shrink away from the rigid cell wall in plasmolysis
Explanation: In a hypertonic external solution, the external water potential is significantly lower than that of the cytoplasm and central vacuole. Net water flow occurs outward via osmosis, causing protoplast shrinkage and detachment from the rigid cellulosic wall, a state known as plasmolysis.
10What is the precise ionic stoichiometry and directionality of the primary active transport cycle mediated by the animal cell Na+/K+-ATPase?
A.3 Na+ ions pumped out of the cell and 2 K+ ions pumped into the cell per ATP hydrolyzed
B.2 Na+ ions pumped out of the cell and 3 K+ ions pumped into the cell per ATP hydrolyzed
C.3 Na+ ions pumped into the cell and 2 K+ ions pumped out of the cell per ATP hydrolyzed
D.1 Na+ ion and 1 K+ ion cotransported outward simultaneously per ATP hydrolyzed
Explanation: The electrogenic sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase) couples the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule to the outward translocation of 3 Na+ ions against their electrochemical gradient and the inward translocation of 2 K+ ions into the cytosol.

About the UEE Biology Exam

The biology paper of Mongolia's national university entrance examination (Элсэлтийн шалгалт, ЭШ; formerly ЭЕШ) is set by the Education Evaluation Center and written in Mongolian. OpenExamPrep offers 100 free English-language practice questions on classification, cell biology, physiology, genetics and ecology, with explanations for every option. The bank is an English-language multiple-choice study adaptation, not an official translation or a simulation of the paper's five-option and open-response format.

Exam sponsor: Education Evaluation Center (Боловсролын үнэлгээний төв, БҮТ / EEC). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Part 1 (76 points): 46 five-option selection items. Part 2 (24 points): 4 open-response tasks. Scores are converted to the 200–800 scale.

Time Limit

80 minutes

Passing Score

No pass mark; results on a 200–800 scale, with university and program threshold scores (босго оноо)

Exam / Certification Fees

5,800 MNT per subject (EEC 2023 fee notice)

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

10%

Characteristics and classification of organisms

Taxonomy, domains and kingdoms, viruses and identification keys.

44%

Structure and life processes

Cells, biomolecules, enzymes, photosynthesis, respiration and human and plant physiology.

34%

Heredity and development

DNA, protein synthesis, cell division, inheritance, mutation, development and evolution.

12%

Interactions of organisms and environment

Ecosystems, food webs, nutrient cycles, populations and conservation.

Preparing for the UEE Biology Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: No pass mark; results on a 200–800 scale, with university and program threshold scores (босго оноо)
  • Assessment: Part 1 (76 points): 46 five-option selection items. Part 2 (24 points): 4 open-response tasks. Scores are converted to the 200–800 scale.
  • Time limit: 80 minutes
  • Exam / certification fees: 5,800 MNT per subject (EEC 2023 fee notice) Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

UEE Biology: Suggested Study Strategy

1Structure and life processes carry 44% of the 2026 points; know cell organelles, biomolecules and human organ systems in detail.
2Work through genetics crosses on paper, including dihybrid, sex-linked and codominant cases.
3Learn the taxonomic ranks and the distinguishing features of the major groups, since classification is a separate 10% unit.
4Practice reading graphs and tables from experiments, which appear in both parts of the paper.
5Time yourself: 50 tasks in 80 minutes leaves about 1.5 minutes per task.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Mongolia UEE biology examination?

It is the biology subject of Mongolia's national university entrance examination (Элсэлтийн шалгалт, ЭШ; formerly ЭЕШ), set by the Education Evaluation Center (EEC) and written in Mongolian. Medicine, nursing, agriculture and life-science programs use it for admission.

How is the 2026 biology paper structured?

It lasts 80 minutes and has 50 tasks worth 100 points: 46 five-option selection items in Part 1 (76 points) and 4 open-response tasks in Part 2 (24 points).

What score do I need?

There is no pass mark. Scores are standardized to a 200–800 scale with a mean of 500, and each university and program sets its own minimum threshold score (босго оноо).

How much does the exam cost?

EEC's most recent published fee notice (2023) sets the fee at 5,800 MNT per subject. We did not find a separate 2026 fee notice, so check the registration portal when you register.

Why is this bank in English if the exam is in Mongolian?

OpenExamPrep publishes one English-language bank per exam. It is an independent MCQ study adaptation of the published specification, not an official translation, and it uses four options instead of the official five. Practice with EEC's Mongolian-language past papers as well.