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Sample AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) Practice Questions

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1Under the Qualification Requirements approved by Order No. 362 of the Republic of Kazakhstan, what is the minimum age for the issuance of a Commercial Pilot License (CPL)?

A.17 years old

B.18 years old

C.19 years old

D.21 years old

Explanation: Paragraph 18 of the Qualification Requirements approved by Order No. 362 sets the minimum age for a commercial pilot of aeroplanes, helicopters, airships and powered-lift aircraft at 18 years, together with a valid Class 1 medical certificate and a theoretical training course of at least 750 hours at a certified aviation training centre.

2In accordance with the Qualification Requirements approved by Order No. 362 of the Republic of Kazakhstan, what is the minimum total flight time required for a CPL(A) applicant who has NOT completed an approved integrated course of training?

A.150 hours of flight time

B.175 hours of flight time

C.200 hours of flight time

D.250 hours of flight time

Explanation: Paragraph 21 of the Qualification Requirements approved by Order No. 362 requires a CPL(A) candidate to have flown not less than 200 hours as a pilot of aeroplanes, or 150 hours when the candidate has completed an approved course of training. No more than 20 of those hours may be credited from a certified flight simulation training device.

3Of the 200 hours of total flight time required for a modular CPL(A) in Kazakhstan, what is the minimum flight time that must be completed as Pilot-in-Command (PIC)?

A.50 hours as PIC

B.70 hours as PIC

C.100 hours as PIC

D.120 hours as PIC

Explanation: Paragraph 21 of the Qualification Requirements approved by Order No. 362 requires at least 100 hours as pilot-in-command (reduced to 70 hours for a candidate who has completed the approved course of training), of which 20 hours must be cross-country flying as pilot-in-command including one route flight of at least 540 km (300 NM) with full-stop landings at two different aerodromes.

4Which class of Aviation Medical Certificate (ВЛЭК) is legally required for an individual to exercise the privileges of a Commercial Pilot License in commercial air transport operations in Kazakhstan?

A.Class 1 Aviation Medical Certificate

B.Class 2 Aviation Medical Certificate

C.Class 3 Aviation Medical Certificate

D.Class 4 Aviation Medical Certificate

Explanation: Under the Medical Rules of Civil Aviation of Kazakhstan and ICAO Annex 1, commercial pilot license holders exercising commercial air transport privileges must hold a valid Class 1 Aviation Medical Certificate (Медицинское заключение 1-го класса ВЛЭК).

5Under Order No. 517 of the Minister for Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, how long do successfully passed theoretical knowledge examination results remain valid for initial CPL issuance?

A.12 months from the date of the last passed exam

B.18 months from the date of the last passed exam

C.24 months from the date of successfully passing all required exams

D.36 months from the date of successfully passing all required exams

Explanation: Paragraph 56 of the Rules approved by Order No. 517 sets separate validity periods for the theory certificate: 24 months for a LAPL, ULAPL or PPL, 36 months for a CPL or an instrument rating, and 7 years for an ATPL counted from the last instrument rating entry. A CPL candidate therefore has 36 months from passing the theory to complete the flight training and skill test and apply for the licence.

6Under Kazakhstan civil aviation flight and duty time limitation (FTL) regulations for commercial air transport operators, what is the maximum cumulative flight time allowed for a flight crew member in any 28 consecutive days?

A.80 hours

B.90 hours

C.100 hours

D.120 hours

Explanation: Paragraph 10 and Appendix 2 of the Rules on the organisation of working time and rest of flight crew members (Order No. 250 of 27 February 2015, as amended) cap flight time for aeroplane crews in commercial air transport at 100 hours in any 28 consecutive days. The corresponding helicopter figure is 80 hours, extendable to 90 hours with the crew member's consent.

7What is the baseline annual flight time limit for an aeroplane flight crew member in Kazakhstan commercial air transport over any 365 consecutive days, before any extension based on the crew member's written consent?

A.800 hours

B.900 hours

C.1,000 hours

D.1,200 hours

Explanation: Appendix 2 to the Rules approved by Order No. 250 sets the maximum flight time for aeroplane crews in commercial air transport at 800 hours in any 365 consecutive days. Paragraph 10 allows this to be raised to 900 hours, but only with the flight crew member's written consent. The baseline regulatory figure a candidate must quote is therefore 800 hours.

8Under Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 339-IV 'On the Use of Airspace and Aviation Activities', which document issued by the Aviation Administration of Kazakhstan authorizes an enterprise to perform commercial air transport flights?

A.Certificate of Airworthiness (СЛГ)

B.Air Operator Certificate (Сертификат эксплуатанта / AOC)

C.Aviation Training Center Certificate (Сертификат АУЦ)

D.Aerodrome Operating Certificate (Сертификат годности аэродрома)

Explanation: Under Law No. 339-IV and ICAO Annex 6, an Air Operator Certificate (AOC / Сертификат эксплуатанта) is the legal document issued by the Aviation Administration of Kazakhstan certifying that the commercial operator has the technical capability and organization to ensure safe aircraft operations.

9Under standard ICAO Annex 6 and Kazakhstan aerodrome operating rules, what are the standard operating minima for a Category I (CAT I) precision instrument approach?

A.Decision Height (DH) not less than 100 ft (30 m) and RVR not less than 300 m

B.Decision Height (DH) not less than 200 ft (60 m) and RVR not less than 550 m (or visibility 800 m)

C.Decision Height (DH) not less than 250 ft (75 m) and RVR not less than 1,000 m

D.Decision Height (DH) not less than 350 ft (105 m) and visibility not less than 1,500 m

Explanation: Standard ICAO Category I precision approach minima specify a Decision Height (DH) of not less than 200 ft (60 m) and a Runway Visual Range (RVR) of not less than 550 m (or ground visibility of not less than 800 m if RVR is unavailable).

10According to ICAO Annex 13 and Kazakhstan aviation incident investigation legislation, which of the following events is classified as an aviation 'Accident' rather than a 'Serious Incident'?

A.Near-collision requiring an aggressive avoidance maneuver in controlled airspace

B.An engine failure in flight where engine damage is limited to the engine and its accessories

C.Structural failure or collapse of the landing gear during touchdown requiring major structural airframe repair

D.Flight crew incapacitation requiring the remaining flight crew member to execute an emergency landing

Explanation: ICAO Annex 13 defines an aircraft accident as an occurrence where an aircraft sustains structural damage or failure requiring major repair or component replacement (excluding damage limited to a single engine, cowlings, accessories, or small dents in skin). Collapsed landing gear causing major structural airframe repair qualifies as an accident.

About the AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) Exam

The Kazakhstan Commercial Pilot License (CPL) Theoretical Knowledge Examination is the official professional qualification required by the Aviation Administration of Kazakhstan (AAK) for pilots seeking commercial operating privileges. Established under the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan 'On the Use of Airspace and Aviation Activities' (No. 339-IV) and Ministerial Orders No. 517 and No. 750, this computer-based testing battery assesses the advanced theoretical knowledge areas listed in paragraph 18 of the Qualification Requirements approved by Order No. 362. AAK does not publish a fixed number of separate CPL papers or a per-paper question count; those are set by the designated examiner in agreement with AAK and announced at the pre-exam briefing. Candidates must master commercial Air Law (commercial air transport rules, operator certification, flight time limitations, and ICAO Annex 6 standards), Aircraft General Knowledge (multi-engine propulsion, constant-speed propellers, turbocharging, environmental and pressurization systems, and EFIS avionics), Flight Performance and Planning (multi-engine takeoff charts, single-engine climb gradients, payload/range analysis, and commercial fuel planning), Human Performance and Limitations (fatigue risk management, circadian rhythms, threat and error management, and CRM), Meteorology (jet streams, clear air turbulence, wind shear, icing, and SIGMET interpretation), Navigation (VOR/DME, ILS CAT I/II/III, GNSS/PBN, and PET/PSR calculations), Operational Procedures (contaminated runways, de-icing holdover times, MEL usage, and TCAS II operations), Principles of Flight (critical engine aerodynamics, asymmetric flight, V-n diagrams, and high-lift devices), and Communications (commercial IFR and VFR radiotelephony and emergency phraseology). A minimum score of 75% is required in each discipline, and every discipline must be cleared within 18 months of the first exam sitting (Order No. 517, paragraphs 27 and 54). Results are issued within 2 working days. The resulting theory certificate is valid for 36 months toward CPL issuance (paragraph 56). A failed discipline may be re-sat no earlier than 10 working days later, with a maximum of 3 consecutive attempts before further AUC training is required. The candidate then completes the flight experience of paragraph 21 of Order No. 362 and passes a flight skills check with a designated examiner. AAK does not publish the language or languages in which the theoretical examination is delivered, and it does not release its examination items. The practice questions on this page are independent study material written in English by OpenExamPrep to cover the same knowledge areas and the ICAO standards that Order No. 517 paragraph 5 makes an assessment basis. They are not an official translation, they do not reproduce AAK's question bank, and they cannot replace approved ground school or the flight skills check.

Exam sponsor: Aviation Administration of Kazakhstan (AAK / АО «Авиационная администрация Казахстана»). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

Computer-based theoretical examination with automatic scoring, conducted under audio and video recording, covering the theoretical knowledge areas prescribed by paragraph 18 of the Qualification Requirements (Order No. 362): international and Kazakhstan air law for both VFR and IFR operations; general characteristics and limitations of electrical, hydraulic, pressurisation and other aircraft systems, and flight control systems including autopilot; engine operating principles, limitations and the effect of atmospheric conditions; use and limitations of avionics required for IFR flight; aircraft operating rules and limitations; effect of atmospheric conditions on performance; flight instruments, compasses, turning and acceleration errors; gyroscopic instruments, precession and instrument failure procedures; airframe, system and engine maintenance; effect of loading and mass distribution on performance and handling, and mass and balance calculation; takeoff, landing and cruise performance; pre-flight preparation for IFR; route planning and ATS flight plans; and VFR and IFR radiotelephony including action on communication failure. A flight skills check with a designated examiner follows.

Time Limit

Set per paper by the designated examiner in agreement with AAK and announced at the pre-exam briefing; not published as a fixed figure for CPL

Passing Score

At least 75% correct answers in each discipline; all disciplines passed within 18 months of the first test attempt

Exam / Certification Fees

10 MRP (43,250 KZT at the 2026 index of 4,325 KZT) for issuing the commercial pilot licence, and 3 MRP for entering or extending a rating, under Order No. 167 of 17 March 2023. No separate state charge is published for the theoretical examination. Training fees at certified aviation centres are additional.

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Official sources

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

14%

Air Law and ATC Procedures

Kazakhstan Law No. 339-IV, Order No. 750 commercial licensing standards, commercial air transport certification, flight and duty time limitations (FTL), ICAO Annexes 1, 2, 6, 8, 11, 14, aerodrome operating minima, and accident/incident reporting (Annex 13).

14%

Aircraft General Knowledge

Multi-engine aircraft systems, turbochargers and superchargers, constant-speed propellers, complex hydraulic and pneumatic systems, environmental control and cabin pressurization, AC/DC electrical buses, electronic flight instrument systems (EFIS), and Mode S transponders.

15%

Flight Performance and Planning

Multi-engine aircraft performance charts, asymmetric climb gradients, single-engine absolute and service ceilings, Vmc and Vyse calculations, commercial payload and range calculations, and commercial IFR/VFR fuel planning.

Human Performance and Limitations

Advanced aviation physiology, fatigue risk management systems (FRMS), circadian rhythm disruption, threat and error management (TEM), situational awareness, cognitive biases, and crew resource management (CRM) principles.

14%

Meteorology

Upper-level winds, jet streams, tropopause variations, clear air turbulence (CAT), mountain waves, microbursts and wind shear, airframe icing accretion, volcanic ash advisories, and decoding advanced SIGWX charts and SIGMETs.

15%

Navigation

Radio navigation aids (VOR, DME, ILS localizer and glide path), GNSS/GPS constellations, RAIM prediction, RNAV/RNP performance-based navigation specifications, Point of Equal Time (PET), and Point of Safe Return (PSR) calculations.

14%

Operational Procedures

Commercial flight operations, ground de-icing and anti-icing holdover times, contaminated runway performance (water, slush, snow, ice), Minimum Equipment List (MEL) application, TCAS II resolution advisories, and emergency equipment operation.

12%

Principles of Flight

Multi-engine aerodynamics, asymmetric thrust and drag, critical engine identification (P-factor, torque, slipstream, accelerated slipstream), V-n load factor diagrams, high-lift devices, and Dutch roll characteristics.

Communications

IFR and commercial VFR radiotelephony, standard ICAO departure and approach clearances, radar vectoring phraseology, RVSM phraseology, CPDLC operations, and loss of communication procedures in IMC.

Preparing for the AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: At least 75% correct answers in each discipline; all disciplines passed within 18 months of the first test attempt
Assessment: Computer-based theoretical examination with automatic scoring, conducted under audio and video recording, covering the theoretical knowledge areas prescribed by paragraph 18 of the Qualification Requirements (Order No. 362): international and Kazakhstan air law for both VFR and IFR operations; general characteristics and limitations of electrical, hydraulic, pressurisation and other aircraft systems, and flight control systems including autopilot; engine operating principles, limitations and the effect of atmospheric conditions; use and limitations of avionics required for IFR flight; aircraft operating rules and limitations; effect of atmospheric conditions on performance; flight instruments, compasses, turning and acceleration errors; gyroscopic instruments, precession and instrument failure procedures; airframe, system and engine maintenance; effect of loading and mass distribution on performance and handling, and mass and balance calculation; takeoff, landing and cruise performance; pre-flight preparation for IFR; route planning and ATS flight plans; and VFR and IFR radiotelephony including action on communication failure. A flight skills check with a designated examiner follows.
Time limit: Set per paper by the designated examiner in agreement with AAK and announced at the pre-exam briefing; not published as a fixed figure for CPL
Exam / certification fees: 10 MRP (43,250 KZT at the 2026 index of 4,325 KZT) for issuing the commercial pilot licence, and 3 MRP for entering or extending a rating, under Order No. 167 of 17 March 2023. No separate state charge is published for the theoretical examination. Training fees at certified aviation centres are additional. Official sources

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AAK CPL (Kazakhstan): Suggested Study Strategy

1Understand asymmetric flight aerodynamics thoroughly: memorize the four factors that determine the critical engine on conventional twin-engine aircraft (P-factor, torque reaction, accelerated slipstream, and spiraling slipstream).

2Master the Point of Equal Time (PET) formula: PET = (Total Distance × GS Return) / (GS Out + GS Return). Notice that a headwind on the outbound leg shifts the PET closer to the destination.

3Calculate single-engine climb gradients: Gradient (%) = (Climb Rate in ft/min / Groundspeed in knots) × 0.987. Verify that gross-to-net performance margins comply with commercial regulations.

4Understand contaminated runway classifications: Distinguish between dry snow, wet snow, standing water, and slush. Apply appropriate takeoff and landing distance correction factors.

5Memorize holdover time (HOT) principles for de-icing/anti-icing fluids: Type I fluids offer short holdover times; Type II and Type IV fluids provide extended anti-icing protection for commercial departures in freezing precipitation.

6Know TCAS II resolution advisory (RA) response times: Pilots must initiate immediate corrective pitch maneuvers within 5 seconds of an initial RA and within 2.5 seconds of a reversal or strengthening RA.

7Review flight and duty time limitations (FTL): Understand maximum daily flight duty periods, cumulative flight hour limits (e.g., 100 hours in 28 consecutive days, 900 hours in a calendar year), and mandatory rest periods.

8Practice multi-engine speed definitions: Vmcg (minimum control speed ground), Vmca (minimum control speed airborne), Vyse (best rate of climb single engine / blue line), and Vxse (best angle of climb single engine).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the passing score for the Kazakhstan AAK CPL examination?

At least 75% correct answers in each discipline (Order No. 517, paragraphs 27 and 54). Scoring is automatic and the result is provided within 2 working days.

What flight hours are required for a Commercial Pilot License in Kazakhstan?

At least 200 hours as a pilot of aeroplanes, or 150 hours for a candidate who completes the approved course of training, with no more than 20 hours credited on a certified simulator. Within that total: 100 hours as pilot-in-command (70 hours on the approved course), 20 hours cross-country as pilot-in-command including one route flight of at least 540 km with full-stop landings at two different aerodromes, 10 hours of instrument instruction of which no more than 5 hours may be ground instrument time, and, if night privileges are sought, 5 hours at night including five takeoffs and five landings as pilot-in-command (Order No. 362, paragraph 21).

What is the critical engine on a twin-engine aircraft with clockwise-rotating propellers?

The left engine is critical because failure of the left engine produces a greater yawing moment due to asymmetric blade effect (P-factor), torque, accelerated slipstream, and spiraling slipstream from the operating right engine.

What is the validity period of the AAK CPL theoretical examination results?

36 months. Paragraph 56 of Order No. 517 gives the theory certificate a validity of 24 months for a LAPL, ULAPL or PPL, 36 months for a CPL or an instrument rating, and 7 years for an ATPL counted from the last instrument rating entry in the licence.

What medical certificate is required for commercial pilots in Kazakhstan?

Commercial pilots must hold a valid Class 1 Aviation Medical Certificate (ВЛЭК 1-го класса) issued by an authorized aviation medical commission.

What formula is used to calculate the Point of Equal Time (PET)?

The formula for Point of Equal Time is: Distance to PET = (Total Distance × Groundspeed Return) / (Groundspeed Out + Groundspeed Return).

What is the Minimum Equipment List (MEL) and how is it used?

An MEL is an operator-specific document approved by AAK based on the Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL) that permits the aircraft to be dispatched with specific inoperative instruments or equipment under defined conditions and rectification intervals.

What English language proficiency is required for a commercial pilot license in Kazakhstan?

Kazakhstan records language proficiency as a special endorsement in the licence, and the AAK application form for the theoretical examination has the examiner confirm the endorsement 'if required' before admitting the candidate. Under the ICAO Annex 1 standard that Kazakhstan applies, a pilot using radiotelephony for international operations needs at least Operational Level 4. Confirm the precise endorsement your intended operation requires with AAK, since AAK does not publish a single blanket figure for every CPL holder.