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100+ Free Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Practice Questions

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Exam

100

Objective MCQs in the preliminary paper (100 marks)

MPSC exam scheme

2 hours

Duration of the preliminary objective paper

MPSC exam scheme

1/4

Marks deducted for each wrong answer (negative marking)

MPSC exam notification

1 July 2024

Date the BNS, BNSS and BSA replaced the IPC, CrPC and Evidence Act

Government of India

3 stages

Selection process: Preliminary, Main, and Interview

MPSC

286

Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC vacancies in the 2026 recruitment cycle

MPSC recruitment notification 2026

MPSC's Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC preliminary paper is a single 100-mark objective test of 100 multiple-choice questions in English, completed in 2 hours, with 1/4 negative marking for wrong answers. It screens law graduates for the descriptive Mains and interview; prelims marks are not added to the final merit. Criminal law is now tested under the BNS, BNSS and BSA, which replaced the IPC, CrPC and Evidence Act on 1 July 2024.

Sample Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1On 1 July 2024, three new criminal codes replaced the colonial-era statutes in India. Which new code replaced the Indian Penal Code, 1860?
A.Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
B.Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
C.Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
D.Bharatiya Danda Sanhita, 2023
Explanation: The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS) replaced the Indian Penal Code, 1860 with effect from 1 July 2024. It is the substantive criminal law of India and reduces the number of sections from 511 in the IPC to 358.
2Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the offence of murder is now defined and punished under which section (replacing IPC Section 302)?
A.Section 101 read with Section 103
B.Section 300 read with Section 302
C.Section 299 read with Section 304
D.Section 96 read with Section 100
Explanation: Under the BNS, 2023, culpable homicide amounting to murder is defined in Section 101 and punished under Section 103 (life imprisonment or death). This replaces the old scheme of IPC Sections 300 (definition) and 302 (punishment).
3The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) introduced a fixed timeline for pronouncing judgment. Within how many days of completion of arguments must a court generally deliver its judgment?
A.30 days extendable to 45 days
B.7 days extendable to 14 days
C.60 days extendable to 90 days
D.90 days with no extension
Explanation: Under Section 392 of the BNSS, 2023, judgment must ordinarily be pronounced within 30 days of completion of arguments, extendable to 45 days for special reasons recorded in writing. This timeline did not exist in the old CrPC.
4Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), electronic and digital records are expressly treated as which kind of evidence?
A.Secondary evidence only
B.Oral evidence
C.Primary (documentary) evidence
D.Inadmissible unless corroborated
Explanation: The BSA, 2023 expressly includes electronic and digital records within the definition of 'document' and treats them as documentary/primary evidence, expanding on the old Section 65B Evidence Act regime. This recognises electronic records as a regular form of admissible evidence.
5Article 21 of the Constitution of India guarantees protection of life and personal liberty. In which landmark case did the Supreme Court hold that the 'procedure established by law' under Article 21 must be just, fair and reasonable?
A.Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
B.A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras
C.ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla
D.Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
Explanation: In Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court held that the procedure depriving a person of life or liberty under Article 21 must be just, fair and reasonable, linking Articles 14, 19 and 21. This overruled the narrow interpretation in A.K. Gopalan.
6Under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the principle that bars a court from trying a suit in which the matter directly and substantially in issue has been directly and substantially in issue in a former suit between the same parties and finally decided is known as:
A.Res judicata
B.Res sub judice
C.Constructive notice
D.Lis pendens
Explanation: Res judicata is codified in Section 11 of the CPC, 1908. It prevents re-litigation of a matter that has already been finally decided between the same parties or those claiming under them, in a court of competent jurisdiction.
7Under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, a complaint for dishonour of a cheque must be filed within how many days of expiry of the 15-day notice period given to the drawer?
A.30 days
B.15 days
C.45 days
D.60 days
Explanation: Under Section 138 read with Section 142 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, after the drawer fails to pay within 15 days of receiving the demand notice, the payee must file the complaint within 30 days of the cause of action arising. The cause of action arises on expiry of the 15-day notice period.
8Under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, an agreement made without consideration is generally void. Which of the following is NOT a recognised exception under Section 25?
A.A written and registered promise made on account of natural love and affection between parties standing in near relation
B.A promise to compensate a person who has already voluntarily done something for the promisor
C.A written promise to pay a time-barred debt
D.An oral promise to make a gift to a charitable trust
Explanation: Section 25 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 lists exceptions where an agreement without consideration is valid: (a) natural love and affection (registered writing), (b) compensation for past voluntary services, and (c) a written promise to pay a time-barred debt. A mere oral promise to make a charitable gift is not an enumerated exception.
9Under the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, the doctrine that a transfer of property pending litigation cannot affect the rights of any party to the suit is contained in:
A.Section 52 (lis pendens)
B.Section 41 (transfer by ostensible owner)
C.Section 53A (part performance)
D.Section 54 (sale defined)
Explanation: Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 embodies the doctrine of lis pendens. During the pendency of a suit in which any right to immovable property is directly and specifically in question, the property cannot be transferred so as to affect the rights of any party under the eventual decree.
10Under the Specific Relief Act, 1963 (as amended in 2018), specific performance of a contract is now generally:
A.Available as a matter of right except in specified excluded cases
B.A discretionary remedy granted only in exceptional cases
C.Barred entirely for contracts relating to immovable property
D.Available only where damages cannot be quantified
Explanation: After the Specific Relief (Amendment) Act, 2018, specific performance under Section 10 is enforceable as a general rule, except for the contracts excluded under Section 14. This shifted specific performance from a discretionary remedy to one available as a matter of right in most cases.

About the Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Exam

The Maharashtra Judicial Service Civil Judge (Junior Division) & Judicial Magistrate First Class (JMFC) examination is conducted by the Maharashtra Public Service Commission to recruit entry-level judicial officers into the State's lower judiciary. Selection is a three-stage process: an objective preliminary screening test, a descriptive Main examination, and an interview.

Questions

100 scored questions

Time Limit

2 hours for the preliminary objective paper

Passing Score

No fixed pass mark; a category-wise qualifying cutoff decides who advances to the Main exam (prelims marks do not count toward final merit)

Exam Fee

Rs. 394 for Open/EWS/Orphan candidates; Rs. 294 for Backward Class/PwD candidates (paid online via the MPSC portal) (Maharashtra Public Service Commission (MPSC))

Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Exam Content Outline

25%

Criminal Law, Procedure & Evidence (BNS / BNSS / BSA)

Substantive offences under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, criminal procedure under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023, and evidence under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023, which replaced the IPC, CrPC and Indian Evidence Act on 1 July 2024.

18%

Constitution of India

Fundamental rights, directive principles, writ jurisdiction under Articles 32 and 226, federal distribution of powers, judicial review, and key amendments and landmark cases.

16%

Civil Procedure Code, 1908 & Limitation Act, 1963

Jurisdiction and place of suing, res judicata, pleadings, injunctions, appeals and execution under the CPC, plus computation, condonation and exclusion of time under the Limitation Act.

14%

Contract, Sale of Goods & Partnership Law

Indian Contract Act 1872 (formation, free consent, void agreements, breach and remedies), Sale of Goods Act 1930, and Indian Partnership Act 1932.

12%

Transfer of Property & Specific Relief

Transfer of Property Act 1882 (sale, lease, mortgage, lis pendens, part performance) and Specific Relief Act 1963 including changes made by the 2018 amendment.

10%

Maharashtra State Laws & Personal Laws

Maharashtra Rent Control Act 1999, Maharashtra Land Revenue Code 1966, Bombay Civil Courts Act 1869, Hindu and Muslim personal law, and the law of torts.

5%

Negotiable Instruments & General Legal Awareness

Negotiable Instruments Act 1881, including Section 138 cheque dishonour, and general legal aptitude relevant to a judicial officer.

How to Pass the Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: No fixed pass mark; a category-wise qualifying cutoff decides who advances to the Main exam (prelims marks do not count toward final merit)
  • Exam length: 100 questions
  • Time limit: 2 hours for the preliminary objective paper
  • Exam fee: Rs. 394 for Open/EWS/Orphan candidates; Rs. 294 for Backward Class/PwD candidates (paid online via the MPSC portal)

Keys to Passing

  • Complete 500+ practice questions
  • Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
  • Focus on highest-weighted sections
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC Study Tips from Top Performers

1Study criminal law primarily under the BNS, BNSS and BSA, and keep a ready reckoner of IPC-to-BNS, CrPC-to-BNSS and Evidence-Act-to-BSA section mappings.
2Read bare Acts repeatedly; objective judiciary questions are frequently section-specific, so memorise key section numbers for the CPC, Contract Act, Transfer of Property Act and Limitation Act.
3Master the Constitution thoroughly, including Articles, landmark cases (Kesavananda Bharati, Maneka Gandhi, Puttaswamy) and the schedules.
4Do not neglect Maharashtra-specific statutes: the Maharashtra Rent Control Act 1999, Maharashtra Land Revenue Code 1966 and Bombay Civil Courts Act 1869 are commonly tested.
5Practise full-length timed MCQ mock tests and account for the 1/4 negative marking by avoiding reckless guessing.
6Build Marathi language and translation skills early, since they are needed for the Main examination and the job itself.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC preliminary exam objective or descriptive?

The preliminary examination is fully objective. It is a single paper of 100 multiple-choice questions worth 100 marks, taken in English over 2 hours, with 1/4 of the marks deducted for each wrong answer. The descriptive papers come only at the Main examination stage.

Are the prelims marks counted in the final selection?

No. The preliminary examination is only a screening test used to shortlist candidates for the Main examination. The final merit list is prepared on the basis of the Main examination and the interview, not the prelims.

Does the exam now test the IPC, CrPC and Evidence Act or the new criminal codes?

Criminal law, procedure and evidence are now governed by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023, which replaced the IPC, CrPC and Indian Evidence Act on 1 July 2024. Candidates should study the new codes while knowing the old-to-new section mapping.

What is the eligibility for the Maharashtra Civil Judge (JD) & JMFC exam?

A candidate must hold a degree in law from a recognised university and possess adequate knowledge of Marathi (to translate between Marathi and English). Age limits and experience requirements vary by category, broadly 21 to 35 years for the open Advocate/Public Prosecutor category, with relaxations for reserved categories.

What is the application fee and who administers the exam?

The exam is administered by the Maharashtra Public Service Commission (MPSC). The online application fee is approximately Rs. 394 for Open/EWS/Orphan candidates and Rs. 294 for Backward Class/PwD candidates.

Is Marathi required for the exam?

Yes. While the preliminary objective paper is in English, the Main examination includes Marathi components such as translation, and the post requires the ability to work in Marathi. Adequate knowledge of Marathi is an eligibility condition.