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Sample Junior Programmer Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Junior Programmer exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Under SKKNI unit J.620100.033.02 (Melaksanakan Pengujian Unit Program), what three steps make up the standard Arrange-Act-Assert structure of a unit test?
A.Prepare the inputs and any required objects, invoke the single unit under test, then assert that the observed result matches the expected result
B.Announce the test to the team, accept the requirements, then archive the source code
C.Allocate memory, activate the debugger, then abort execution
D.Analyse the database schema, add an index, then audit the server logs
Explanation: Arrange sets up the fixture and inputs, Act calls exactly one behaviour of the unit under test, and Assert compares the actual outcome with the expected outcome. Keeping the three phases visibly separate makes a failing test say precisely which behaviour broke.
2What is the fundamental architectural difference between a compiled programming language (e.g., C, C++, Rust) and an interpreted programming language (e.g., Python, Ruby)?
A.Compiled languages translate source code into native machine code before execution, whereas interpreted languages parse and execute source code line-by-line at runtime via an interpreter
B.Compiled languages only execute on mobile phones, while interpreted languages execute on mainframes
C.Interpreted languages do not require CPU memory to run
D.Compiled languages cannot produce arithmetic calculations
Explanation: Compilers translate high-level code ahead of time (AOT) into native CPU machine instructions, producing high execution performance. Interpreters read, parse, and execute instructions dynamically at runtime.
3A unit test calls 'assertEquals(120, factorial(5))' and the test runner reports 'expected: 120 but was: 720'. What has this test told the programmer?
A.The test framework is misconfigured and must be reinstalled
B.The function returned 720 where the test expected 120, so either the implementation or the expected value is wrong and must be re-examined
C.The function is correct and the assertion should simply be deleted
D.The computer has run out of memory
Explanation: An assertion failure reports the expected and actual values side by side. Here 5! is genuinely 120, so a return of 720 (which is 6!) points to an off-by-one in the loop or recursion bound. The correct response is to investigate the discrepancy, never to weaken the assertion.
4A method being unit-tested calls a live payment gateway over the network. Why should the test replace that call with a test double (a stub or mock)?
A.Because test doubles make the production code run faster for end users
B.Because a unit test must isolate the unit under test, so that it runs quickly and deterministically instead of failing whenever the external service is slow, offline, or returns different data
C.Because test doubles automatically fix the defects they detect
D.Because unit tests are forbidden from using any function calls
Explanation: A unit test should exercise one unit in isolation. Substituting a stub that returns a fixed response removes network latency and third-party downtime from the result, so a red test reliably means the code is wrong rather than that the internet was unavailable. Real gateway behaviour is covered separately by integration tests.
5A user reports that a discount routine returns a negative total for a specific order. What is the recommended first step before changing the code?
A.Delete the discount routine and rewrite the whole module from scratch
B.Write a failing unit test that reproduces the reported order and its wrong result, then fix the code until that test passes
C.Increase the logging level on the production server and wait for another report
D.Add a comment describing the bug and close the ticket
Explanation: Reproducing the defect as an automated test proves the bug exists, defines exactly what 'fixed' means, and then stays in the suite as a regression guard so the same fault cannot silently return in a later refactor.
6A function accepts an integer age and must reject anything below 17. Which set of unit-test inputs gives the strongest coverage of that rule for the least effort?
A.Only the value 25, because it is a typical valid age
B.One thousand randomly generated integers with no expected values recorded
C.16, 17, and 18, plus a representative invalid input such as a negative number
D.Only the value 0, because it is the smallest number
Explanation: Defects cluster at boundaries, so testing the value just below the limit, the limit itself, and the value just above it exercises the comparison operator directly. Adding one clearly invalid input covers the rejection partition without writing a case for every possible age.
7Reviewing a colleague's code, you find 'try { saveOrder(); } catch (Exception e) { }' with an empty catch block. Why is this a serious practice violation?
A.Because the try keyword is deprecated in modern languages
B.Because swallowing the exception silently discards the evidence that the save failed, so the program continues as though the order was stored and the fault surfaces much later with no diagnostic trail
C.Because catching an exception always doubles memory consumption
D.Because exceptions can only be caught inside a loop
Explanation: An empty catch converts a loud, localised failure into a silent data-loss bug. The minimum acceptable handling is to log the exception with its stack trace and either recover deliberately or rethrow a meaningful domain exception so the caller can respond.
8A junior programmer is handing a finished module over to another team. Which content belongs in the project README so the receiving team can run it?
A.The programmer's personal CV and salary expectations
B.A description of what the module does, its prerequisites and installation steps, how to run and test it, and the meaning of its configuration values
C.A complete line-by-line copy of the source code
D.Screenshots of the programmer's IDE colour theme
Explanation: Handover documentation has to answer what the program is for, what it needs, how to install, run, configure, and test it. Those items let a new maintainer reach a working state without interviewing the original author, which is the outcome this competency unit assesses.
9A function's docblock still reads '@param string \$id' after the parameter was changed to accept an integer. Why is this stale docblock worse than having no docblock at all?
A.Because the compiler refuses to build any file containing an outdated docblock
B.Because generated API documentation and IDE hints now confidently advertise a wrong contract, so callers pass the wrong type while believing they followed the documentation
C.Because docblocks are counted toward the project's line limit
D.Because outdated docblocks increase the size of the compiled binary
Explanation: Documentation tools and editors read the docblock and present it as authoritative. A wrong '@param' propagates into the published API reference and into autocomplete, so it actively misleads callers. Docblocks must be updated in the same commit as the signature they describe.
10A single function is 300 lines long and validates input, queries a database, formats a report, and sends an email. Which guideline does it violate, and what is the remedy?
A.It violates nothing, because fewer functions always means faster execution
B.It violates cohesion and single-responsibility guidance; the remedy is to extract each distinct concern into its own well-named function that the original can call
C.It violates the rule that functions must be written in alphabetical order
D.It violates the requirement that every function return an integer
Explanation: A function that does four unrelated things cannot be understood, reused, or unit-tested in isolation, and every one of those concerns becomes a reason to edit it. Extracting validate, fetch, format, and notify into separate named functions leaves a short, readable coordinator.

About the Junior Programmer Exam

Pemrogram Junior (Junior Programmer, also listed as Junior Coder) is an Indonesian national occupational competency certification issued by BNSP through licensed LSPs, based on SKKNI Kepmenaker No. 282 Tahun 2016 (Bidang Software Development Subbidang Pemrograman) and the Peta Okupasi Nasional Bidang TIK. The most widely offered package is eight units: using data structures, using program specifications, applying language execution commands, writing code to guidelines and best practices, implementing structured programming, producing program code documentation, debugging, and carrying out program unit testing. Some LSPs publish a larger package that adds algorithm implementation, database access and reusable subroutines. Certificates are valid for three years.

Exam sponsor: BNSP-licensed LSPs, including LSP Media Informatika (BNSP-LSP-2121-ID), LSP TIK Triatma Kompetensi (BNSP-LSP-1417-ID) and LSP SDM TIK. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

The candidate submits FR.APL.01 (application) and FR.APL.02 (self-assessment) with programming portfolio evidence, an assessor verifies it, and the assessment session at a licensed Tempat Uji Kompetensi (TUK) then applies written, interview and practical-observation methods against each unit's performance criteria.

Time Limit

No fixed assessment duration is published; a scheduled session at a licensed TUK commonly occupies most of one day.

Passing Score

Kompeten (competent) or Belum Kompeten (not yet competent). Assessors judge the candidate against the performance criteria of each competency unit in the package across knowledge, skill and work attitude; BNSP publishes no percentage pass mark.

Exam / Certification Fees

Set by each licensed LSP rather than by a national tariff. LSP Media Informatika publishes Rp 600.000 for both its Pemrogram Junior (Junior Coder) and Pemrogram Junior (Junior Programmer) packages. Komdigi Digital Talent Scholarship intakes are free to qualifying participants.

Exam sponsor website

Reported exam pass rate: Not published. Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

21 of 100 questions

Structured Programming and Language Execution — units J.620100.017.02 and J.620100.010.02

Implementing structured programming and running language execution commands over text, graphics and multimedia: the three Bohm-Jacopini control structures, loop and branch semantics, switch fall-through, variable scope, parameter passing by value and by reference, compiled versus interpreted execution, and object-oriented constructs used in modern language runtimes.

20 of 100 questions

Using Data Structures — unit J.620100.004.02 (Menggunakan Struktur Data)

Arrays and index bounds, stack versus heap allocation, stacks, queues and circular queues, singly and doubly linked lists, hash tables and collision resolution, trees and binary search trees, string immutability and buffer-based concatenation, and multidimensional arrays.

20 of 100 questions

Implementing Programming Algorithms — unit J.620100.022.02

Asymptotic Big-O analysis, linear and binary search, bubble, selection, insertion, merge and quick sorts with their best, average and worst cases, algorithmic stability, in-place sorting, recursion and its termination conditions, breadth-first traversal, greedy methods, divide-and-conquer versus dynamic programming, and the two-pointer technique.

15 of 100 questions

Using Program Specifications — unit J.620100.009.01 (Menggunakan Spesifikasi Program)

Reading and applying the specification before coding: flowchart symbols and conventions, pseudocode, functional versus non-functional requirements, UML use case, class, sequence and state machine diagrams, boundary value analysis and equivalence partitioning, edge-case identification, SDLC models and user stories, and modular design.

7 of 100 questions

Applying Database Access — unit J.620100.021.02 (Menerapkan Akses Basis Data)

DDL and DML command categories, primary keys and entity integrity, SELECT with filtering and ordering, INNER and LEFT joins, SQL injection and why concatenated input is unsafe, parameterised queries, and ACID transaction properties.

6 of 100 questions

Debugging and Error Handling — unit J.620100.025.02 (Melakukan Debugging)

Setting breakpoints, stepping over versus stepping into a call, reading the call stack and stack traces, structured try-catch-finally handling, checked versus unchecked exceptions, and defining domain-specific exception types.

6 of 100 questions

Carrying Out Program Unit Testing — unit J.620100.033.02 (Melaksanakan Pengujian Unit Program)

The Arrange-Act-Assert structure, reading an assertion failure, isolating the unit under test with stubs and mocks, reproducing a reported defect as a failing regression test before fixing it, and choosing boundary inputs for economical coverage.

3 of 100 questions

Producing Program Code Documentation — unit J.620100.023.02 (Membuat Dokumen Kode Program)

Standard docblock tags used by Javadoc, JSDoc and PHPDoc, what a handover README must contain, and why a docblock that has drifted out of step with the signature it describes actively misleads callers.

2 of 100 questions

Writing Code to Guidelines and Best Practices — unit J.620100.016.01

The DRY principle and cohesion, extracting distinct concerns out of an oversized function, and why silently swallowing an exception is a serious practice violation.

Preparing for the Junior Programmer Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Kompeten (competent) or Belum Kompeten (not yet competent). Assessors judge the candidate against the performance criteria of each competency unit in the package across knowledge, skill and work attitude; BNSP publishes no percentage pass mark.
  • Assessment: The candidate submits FR.APL.01 (application) and FR.APL.02 (self-assessment) with programming portfolio evidence, an assessor verifies it, and the assessment session at a licensed Tempat Uji Kompetensi (TUK) then applies written, interview and practical-observation methods against each unit's performance criteria.
  • Time limit: No fixed assessment duration is published; a scheduled session at a licensed TUK commonly occupies most of one day.
  • Exam / certification fees: Set by each licensed LSP rather than by a national tariff. LSP Media Informatika publishes Rp 600.000 for both its Pemrogram Junior (Junior Coder) and Pemrogram Junior (Junior Programmer) packages. Komdigi Digital Talent Scholarship intakes are free to qualifying participants. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
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Frequently Asked Questions

What standard governs the BNSP Junior Programmer certification?

The scheme is built from SKKNI (Standar Kompetensi Kerja Nasional Indonesia) Keputusan Menteri Ketenagakerjaan No. 282 Tahun 2016 for Software Development, Subbidang Pemrograman, arranged according to the Peta Okupasi Nasional Bidang TIK. Licensed LSPs such as LSP Media Informatika, LSP TIK Triatma Kompetensi and LSP SDM TIK run the assessment.

Which competency units are assessed?

The eight-unit Pemrogram Junior (Junior Coder) package used by most LSPs covers J.620100.004.02 Menggunakan Struktur Data, J.620100.009.01 Menggunakan Spesifikasi Program, J.620100.010.02 Menerapkan Perintah Eksekusi Bahasa Pemrograman Berbasis Teks, Grafik, dan Multimedia, J.620100.016.01 Menulis Kode dengan Prinsip sesuai Guidelines dan Best Practices, J.620100.017.02 Mengimplementasikan Pemrograman Terstruktur, J.620100.023.02 Membuat Dokumen Kode Program, J.620100.025.02 Melakukan Debugging, and J.620100.033.02 Melaksanakan Pengujian Unit Program. Larger packages add J.620100.022.02 Mengimplementasikan Algoritma Pemrograman and J.620100.021.02 Menerapkan Akses Basis Data, both of which this bank also covers.

How is the competency assessment conducted?

A BNSP-certified assessor combines a written knowledge test (uji tulis), a technical interview (wawancara) and practical observation (observasi/praktik) in which the candidate writes, runs, debugs and explains code against the unit performance criteria.

What does the assessment cost and how long is the certificate valid?

Fees are set per LSP, not nationally. LSP Media Informatika publishes Rp 600.000 for both its Junior Coder and Junior Programmer packages, and Komdigi Digital Talent Scholarship intakes are free to qualifying participants. BNSP competency certificates are valid for three years, after which the holder recertifies or moves up to Pemrogram (Programmer).

Is 'Programmer Mahir' the same certification?

No. There is no BNSP or LSP scheme named Programmer Mahir; that phrasing comes from commercial training-provider branding. The national occupational schemes at this level are Pemrogram Junior (Junior Coder / Junior Programmer), with Junior Web Programmer, Junior Mobile Programmer and Pemrogram (Programmer) as separate schemes.

Are these practice questions an official BNSP examination?

No. This is independent practice by OpenExamPrep for the topics the Pemrogram Junior scheme covers. The official assessment is conducted in Bahasa Indonesia and includes a mandatory practical coding demonstration, which multiple-choice questions cannot reproduce.