Free Practice Questions for Érettségi Magyar
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Key Facts: Érettségi Magyar Exam
The Hungarian Érettségi Magyar exam is a compulsory qualification established under 100/1997. (VI. 13.) Korm. rendelet and the NAT 2020 national curriculum.
The examination combines a 240-minute written component (100 points) and an oral examination (50 points), yielding a maximum total of 150 points (with potential orthography points).
A dual passing condition applies: candidates must achieve at least 25% overall and at least 12% in each separate part (Part I, Part II essay, and oral exam).
Since 2024, Part I of the written exam explicitly includes an irodalmi-nyelvi műveltségi teszt (literary and grammatical knowledge test) alongside non-fiction reading comprehension.
Part II of the written exam presents a choice between two essay types: a single-work analytical essay (műértelmező szöveg) or an overarching thematic/comparative essay (témakifejtő esszé).
Grading differs by level: grade 5 begins at 80% for középszint and 60% for emelt szint; both require 25% overall and at least 12% in each required part.
Official orthography evaluation is based strictly on 'A magyar helyesírás szabályai' (AkH.) 12th edition published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA).
The exam is centrally designed by the Oktatási Hivatal and conducted nationwide in May and June of each academic year.
The Hungarian Érettségi Magyar exam is a compulsory school-leaving examination codified in Government Decree 100/1997 and NAT 2020, featuring a 240-minute written examination (text comprehension, grammar/literature test, and analytical essay) plus an oral exam, evaluated on a 1–5 grade scale with a 25% passing threshold.
Sample Érettségi Magyar Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Érettségi Magyar exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1Which manuscript preserves the 'Halotti beszéd és könyörgés' (Funeral Sermon and Prayer, c. 1192–1195), the earliest surviving continuous coherent text in the Hungarian language?
2The 'Ómagyar Mária-siralom' (Old Hungarian Lament of Mary, c. 1300) is recognized as the earliest surviving poem in Hungarian. What poetic and emotional characteristic is prominent in its opening line: 'Volek sirolm thudothlon, / sirolmol sepedyk'?
3Which Renaissance humanist poet, who wrote in Neo-Latin at the court of King Matthias Corvinus, authored the famous farewell elegy 'Búcsú Váradtól' (Farewell to Várad)?
4In Janus Pannonius's epigram 'Egy dunántúli mandulafáról' (On an Almond Tree in Transdanubia / De amygdalo in Pannonia nata), what does the early blooming almond tree symbolically represent?
5What is the formal structural definition of the classic 'Balassi stanza' (Balassi-strófa) invented by Bálint Balassi?
6In Bálint Balassi's masterwork 'Egy katonaének' (A Soldier's Song / 'Vitézek, mi lehet...'), how is the thematic structure of the poem architecturally organized?
7Miklós Zrínyi's monumental 17th-century Baroque epic 'Szigeti veszedelem' (Obsidio Szigetiana, 1651) opens by adopting classical epic conventions. Which convention is demonstrated in the opening line: 'Fegyvert s vitézt éneklek...'?
8What is the primary literary form and setting of Kelemen Mikes's 'Törökországi levelek' (Letters from Turkey)?
9Mihály Csokonai Vitéz's poem 'A Reményhez' (To Hope, 1803) exemplifies the synthesis of which two major late-18th-century literary tendencies?
10In Mihály Csokonai Vitéz's comic epic 'Dorottya, vagyis a dámák diadala a fársángon' (Dorottya, or the Triumph of the Ladies at Carnival, 1798), what traditional epic device is parodied through the battle of spinster ladies?
About the Érettségi Magyar Exam
Magyar nyelv és irodalom is a compulsory Hungarian Érettségi subject. Both levels have 240 written minutes followed by a 15-minute középszint or 20-minute emelt oral. At középszint, the first 90 minutes cover text comprehension, language, and literature for 60 points; the next 150 minutes cover an interpretive or thematic composition and language quality for 40 points. The 50-point oral covers literature and Hungarian language. These 100 English MCQs preserve Hungarian terms and excerpts where needed but are not a translation or substitute for Hungarian reading, essay writing, literary analysis, and speaking.
Exam sponsor: Oktatási Hivatal (Educational Authority, Hungary). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.
Assessment
Question count not published by the exam provider
Time Limit
240 minutes written + 15-minute oral (középszint); 240 minutes written + 20-minute oral (emelt szint)
Passing Score
At least 25% overall and at least 12% in both the written and oral parts. Középszint grades: 25–39% = 2, 40–59% = 3, 60–79% = 4, 80–100% = 5. Emelt szint grades: 25–32% = 2, 33–46% = 3, 47–59% = 4, 60–100% = 5.
Exam / Certification Fees
Free for qualifying students taking examinations toward their first school-leaving certificate, including the first remedial or replacement examination before receiving it. For fee-paying 2026 entries, the per-subject fee is HUF 48,000 at középszint and HUF 81,000 at emelt szint.
Exam sponsor websiteFees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.
Our practice resources: topics covered
We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.
Hungarian Literary Classics
Medieval linguistic relics, Janus Pannonius, Bálint Balassi, Miklós Zrínyi, Enlightenment poetry (Csokonai, Berzsenyi), Reform Era drama and epics (Vörösmarty, Kölcsey, Katona József), and 19th-century national literature (Petőfi Sándor, Arany János, Jókai Mór, Mikszáth Kálmán).
Modern & Contemporary Hungarian Literature
The Nyugat journal generations (Endre Ady, Mihály Babits, Dezső Kosztolányi, Zsigmond Móricz, Gyula Juhász, Árpád Tóth), interwar literature (Attila József, Miklós Radnóti, Sándor Márai), and post-WWII to contemporary authors (János Pilinszky, Ágnes Nemes Nagy, István Örkény, Imre Kertész).
Grammar & Linguistics
Hungarian phonetics and phonology (vowel harmony, consonant assimilation, full and partial assimilation, degemination), morphology (root morphemes, képzők, jelek, ragok), syntax (simple and compound sentence parsing, subordinate clause conjunctions), and official orthography according to AkH. 12th edition.
Text Comprehension & Stylistics
Reading comprehension methodology, macrostructure and microstructure of expository texts, rhetorical tropes (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, allegory, personification, synesthesia), and stylistic analysis of verse and prose registers.
World Literature & Literary Theory
Classical antiquity (Homer, Greek tragedy), European drama (Shakespeare, Molière), Enlightenment and Romanticism (Goethe), 19th-century European realism and modernism (Balzac, Tolstoy, Baudelaire, Kafka), and fundamental literary genres, metrics, and versification systems.
Rhetoric & Communication
Classical canons of rhetoric (inventio, dispositio, elocutio, memoria, pronuntiatio), speech genres, persuasive argumentation structures, fallacy recognition, Roman Jakobson's communication model, and pragmatics.
Preparing for the Érettségi Magyar Exam
What You Need to Know
- Passing score: At least 25% overall and at least 12% in both the written and oral parts. Középszint grades: 25–39% = 2, 40–59% = 3, 60–79% = 4, 80–100% = 5. Emelt szint grades: 25–32% = 2, 33–46% = 3, 47–59% = 4, 60–100% = 5.
- Assessment: Question count not published by the exam provider
- Time limit: 240 minutes written + 15-minute oral (középszint); 240 minutes written + 20-minute oral (emelt szint)
- Exam / certification fees: Free for qualifying students taking examinations toward their first school-leaving certificate, including the first remedial or replacement examination before receiving it. For fee-paying 2026 entries, the per-subject fee is HUF 48,000 at középszint and HUF 81,000 at emelt szint. Official sources
Using Our Practice Resources
- Work through all 100 available questions
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Érettségi Magyar: Suggested Study Strategy
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the legal framework governing the Hungarian Érettségi in Hungarian Language and Literature?
The examination is codified in Hungarian Government Decree 100/1997. (VI. 13.) Korm. rendelet, Annex 3, Section 1.1.1, and reflects the updated curriculum framework established under the 2020 National Core Curriculum (Nemzeti alaptanterv, NAT 2020) and the relevant Framework Curriculum (Kerettanterv).
How is the középszint (intermediate level) written exam structured under the updated requirements?
The középszint written examination lasts 240 minutes. The first 90 minutes combine text comprehension and language/literature tasks for 60 points. The next 150 minutes require either an interpretation or thematic composition, with language quality, for 40 points. The official requirement should be consulted for current length and task instructions.
What are the passing score requirements and grading thresholds?
Candidates need at least 25% overall and at least 12% in both the written and oral examination parts. Középszint grades are 25–39% = 2, 40–59% = 3, 60–79% = 4, and 80–100% = 5. Emelt szint grades are 25–32% = 2, 33–46% = 3, 47–59% = 4, and 60–100% = 5.
What does the oral examination (szóbeli vizsga) entail?
At középszint, the oral examination takes approximately 15 minutes (with a mandatory 30-minute preparation time) and is worth 50 points. The candidate draws two topics: one literature topic (worth 35 points, covering Hungarian or world literature authors, periods, and genres) and one Hungarian linguistics topic (worth 15 points, covering grammar, language history, rhetoric, or communication). At emelt szint, the oral exam lasts 20 minutes before a regional committee.
Which orthographic rules apply to the exam, and is spelling penalized?
The examination adheres strictly to the 12th edition of the Rules of Hungarian Orthography (A magyar helyesírás szabályai, AkH. 12. kiadás). In the written examination, orthography and layout are explicitly graded: poor spelling, incorrect punctuation, and illegible handwriting can result in point deductions from the candidate's written score.
What is the difference between középszint (intermediate) and emelt szint (advanced)?
Középszint is conducted at school level under the national requirements, while emelt szint is organized through the designated government examination system. The advanced examination requires more demanding textual, literary, and linguistic analysis. Higher-education programmes determine how results are used for admission.
Why is this practice question bank presented in English?
This is an independent English-language, four-option study bank that preserves Hungarian terms, authors, and excerpts when they are integral to the skill. It is not an official translation, comprehensive syllabus replica, or substitute for Hungarian reading, writing, literary analysis, and speaking.