Free Practice Questions for Érettségi Földrajz
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Key Facts: Érettségi Földrajz Exam
A current elective subject governed by the detailed requirements effective from the 2024 spring examination period.
Középszint written exam duration: 120 minutes (Part I: ~20 points topography without atlas; Part II: ~80 points problem-solving with atlas).
Oral examination accounts for 50 points out of a total 150 points at both intermediate and advanced levels.
Passing threshold requires at least 25% overall, with a minimum of 12% in both the written and oral parts individually.
Emelt szint uses a 240-minute written examination followed by a 20-minute oral; higher-education programmes set their own current admission rules.
The secondary school geography atlas (középiskolai földrajzi atlasz) is an authorized and essential reference tool for Part II of the written examination.
Topographical requirements cover both domestic physical/socio-economic locations and global landmarks (rivers, mountain ranges, megacities, straits).
The official examination is centrally developed, moderated, and published by the Oktatási Hivatal (oktatas.hu).
The Hungarian Érettségi Geography examination is a standardized school-leaving exam administered by the Oktatási Hivatal under 100/1997 Korm. rendelet and NAT 2020, evaluating physical, human, and regional geography at intermediate and advanced levels.
Sample Érettségi Földrajz Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Érettségi Földrajz exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1What is the primary cause of the change of seasons on Earth?
2What is the culmination angle of the Sun (solar altitude at noon) in Budapest (latitude 47.5° N) on the summer solstice (June 21)?
3If the local solar time at Greenwich (0° longitude) is 12:00 noon, what is the local solar time at a research station located at 45° E longitude?
4When a traveler crosses the International Date Line heading westward (from North America toward Asia), how must they adjust their calendar?
5On a topographic map with a scale of 1:50,000, two settlements are separated by a straight-line distance of 8 cm. What is the actual distance between them on the ground?
6At which point in Earth's orbit is the planet closest to the Sun, and during which month does this occur?
7What is the minimum geographical latitude in the Northern Hemisphere where the Sun does not rise above the horizon for at least 24 continuous hours during the winter solstice?
8How does the Coriolis effect alter the trajectory of freely moving fluids (winds and ocean currents) in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
9Which statement correctly describes the geometric properties of parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude on a standard globe?
10According to Kepler's Second Law of planetary motion (law of equal areas), what consequence does Earth's elliptical orbit have on its orbital speed and the length of astronomical seasons?
About the Érettségi Földrajz Exam
Földrajz is a current elective Hungarian Érettségi subject covering topography, physical geography, society and economy, Hungary, Europe, global regions, and environmental issues. Középszint has a 120-minute, 90-point written paper split between topographic identification and geographic analysis, followed by a 15-minute, 60-point oral. Emelt szint has a 240-minute, 100-point written paper and a 20-minute, 50-point oral. These 100 English MCQs are independent study questions, not an official translation or a substitute for map work, data response, calculations, and oral explanation.
Exam sponsor: Oktatási Hivatal (Educational Authority, Hungary). The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.
Assessment
Question count not published by the exam provider
Time Limit
120 minutes written (közép) / 240 minutes (emelt) + oral
Passing Score
At least 25% overall and at least 12% in both the written and oral parts. Középszint grades: 25–39% = 2, 40–59% = 3, 60–79% = 4, 80–100% = 5. Emelt szint grades: 25–32% = 2, 33–46% = 3, 47–59% = 4, 60–100% = 5.
Exam / Certification Fees
Free for qualifying students taking examinations toward their first school-leaving certificate, including the first remedial or replacement examination before receiving it. For fee-paying 2026 entries, the per-subject fee is HUF 48,000 at középszint and HUF 81,000 at emelt szint.
Exam sponsor websiteFees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.
Our practice resources: topics covered
We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.
Astronomical Geography & Earth Science
Earth's orbit and axial tilt, solstices, equinoxes, geographic coordinates, time zones, local solar time calculations, Kepler's laws, and solar system dynamics.
Geomorphology & Plate Tectonics
Mantle convection, tectonic plate interactions (divergent, convergent, transform), earthquakes, seismic wave refraction, volcanic landforms, magmatic differentiation, and the rock cycle.
Meteorology & Climate Zones
Atmospheric composition, global wind belts (Hadley cells, trade winds, westerlies, polar easterlies), cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation, warm and cold fronts, and Köppen-Trewartha climate classification.
Hydrosphere & Pedosphere
Ocean currents and thermohaline circulation, river valley evolution and fluvial deposition, karst landforms and hydrology, glacial erosional features, and soil profiles (humus formation, csernozjom, podzols).
Social & Economic Geography of Hungary
Geomorphological regions of Hungary (Alföld, Kisalföld, Alpokalja, Dunántúli-dombság, Dunántúli-középhegység, Északi-középhegység), Lake Balaton, Danube and Tisza hydrology, soil distribution (csernozjom, barna erdőtalaj), demographic trends, urban hierarchy, energy mix (Paks Nuclear Power Plant), and key automotive/battery industrial corridors.
Regional Geography of Europe
Physical structure of Europe (Caledonian, Variscan, Alpine belts), natural resource endowments, EU economic core (Blue Banana), Mediterranean tourism and agriculture, Nordic forestry and hydropower, and Central European manufacturing networks.
Global Regional Geography
Economic geography of the United States (Rust Belt to Sun Belt transition), East Asian economic hegemony (China, Japan, South Korea), emerging regional markets (India, Southeast Asia, Latin America), global trade bottlenecks, and urbanization patterns.
Environmental Geography & Sustainability
Global anthropogenic warming, sea level rise, desertification, soil salinization, water stress, renewable energy transition, circular industrial systems, and ecological footprint analysis.
Preparing for the Érettségi Földrajz Exam
What You Need to Know
- Passing score: At least 25% overall and at least 12% in both the written and oral parts. Középszint grades: 25–39% = 2, 40–59% = 3, 60–79% = 4, 80–100% = 5. Emelt szint grades: 25–32% = 2, 33–46% = 3, 47–59% = 4, 60–100% = 5.
- Assessment: Question count not published by the exam provider
- Time limit: 120 minutes written (közép) / 240 minutes (emelt) + oral
- Exam / certification fees: Free for qualifying students taking examinations toward their first school-leaving certificate, including the first remedial or replacement examination before receiving it. For fee-paying 2026 entries, the per-subject fee is HUF 48,000 at középszint and HUF 81,000 at emelt szint. Official sources
Using Our Practice Resources
- Work through all 100 available questions
- Review every answer and explanation
- Track weak areas and revisit them
- Use our AI tutor for tough concepts
Érettségi Földrajz: Suggested Study Strategy
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Geography (Földrajz) compulsory in the Hungarian Érettségi?
No. Geography is an elective examination subject. In Hungary, candidates must take four compulsory general subjects (Hungarian Language and Literature, Mathematics, History, and a Foreign Language) plus at least one elective subject (ötödik vizsgatárgy) to obtain the érettségi bizonyítvány. Geography is a popular elective for students aiming for earth science, environmental science, geography teaching, tourism, urban planning, or economics degrees.
How is the középszint (intermediate) Geography Érettségi structured?
At középszint, the examination has a 120-minute written paper worth 90 points and a 15-minute oral worth 60 points. The written paper begins with a 20-minute, 20-point topographic section and continues with a 100-minute, 70-point geography section using maps, diagrams, data, calculations, and structured analysis.
What is the difference between középszint and emelt szint in Geography?
At középszint (120 min written + 15 min oral), questions emphasize fundamental physical and socio-economic geography, Hungarian regional landscapes, and standard map interpretation. At emelt szint (240 min written + 20 min oral), candidates face more complex synthesis tasks, quantitative calculations (solar altitude, demographic indicators, map scale conversions), advanced geopolitical and earth system interactions, and must defend topics before an independent external examination board.
What tools and materials are permitted during the examination?
During Part I of the written exam (topography), no atlas is permitted. During Part II, candidates are allowed and strongly expected to use an approved secondary school geography atlas (középiskolai földrajzi atlasz). A non-programmable scientific calculator, ruler, and protractor are permitted throughout both written components. For the oral exam, atlases and thematic physical/thematic wall maps or desktop maps are provided in the preparation room.
What is the passing score and grading scale for Geography Érettségi?
Candidates need at least 25% overall and at least 12% in both the written and oral parts. Középszint grades are 25–39% = 2, 40–59% = 3, 60–79% = 4, and 80–100% = 5. Emelt szint grades are 25–32% = 2, 33–46% = 3, 47–59% = 4, and 60–100% = 5.
How did the NAT 2020 curriculum reforms impact the Geography Érettségi?
The NAT 2020 framework reorganized geography education, placing increased emphasis on sustainability, climate change resilience, digital earth observation, modern global economic shifts, and practical problem-solving. Topographical item lists were streamlined, and regional topics now focus more on systemic global interdependencies rather than isolated country-by-country memorization.
How should I use this 100-question practice bank?
Use this independent English-language MCQ bank to identify gaps across physical, social, regional, and environmental geography. It is not an official translation or blueprint replica and should be supplemented with official past papers, map and atlas work, constructed data responses, calculations, and oral practice.