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100+ Free Sachsen-Anhalt Abitur Biology Practice Questions

Saxony-Anhalt Abitur Biology (Biologie) practice questions are available now; exam metadata is being verified.

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Sachsen-Anhalt Abitur Biology Exam

4 von 4 Aufgaben, 3 zu bearbeiten

Both Anforderungsniveaus offer 4 Aufgaben built from ~4-5 Teilaufgaben each, of which candidates choose 3; one Aufgabe always includes a fachpraktischer Anteil

Hinweise zur Abiturprüfung 2026 Biologie, bildung-lsa.de

255 / 300 min

Official Bearbeitungszeit including Auswahlzeit at grundlegendem/erhöhtem Anforderungsniveau for the 2026 Prüfungsjahr, extendable by up to 60 minutes for the fachpraktischer Anteil

Hinweise zur Abiturprüfung 2026 Biologie, bildung-lsa.de

90 / 120 BE

Maximum erreichbare Bewertungseinheiten at grundlegendem/erhöhtem Anforderungsniveau

Hinweise zur Abiturprüfung 2026 Biologie, bildung-lsa.de

22.04.2026

Written Biologie date in the 2026 main session; Nachtermin 19 May 2026, mündliche Prüfungen from 11 May 2026

Ministerium für Bildung des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt, Pressemitteilung 27/2026 (10.04.2026)

0–15 Punkte

Grading scale for each Prüfungsfach, from Note 1 (15–13 Punkte) to Note 6 (0 Punkte)

Verordnung über die gymnasiale Oberstufe, Sachsen-Anhalt

200 / 100 Punkte

Minimum Gesamtqualifikation: 200+ from Block I (§38) and 100+ from the five Prüfungselemente in Block II (§39), out of 900 maximum

Verordnung über die gymnasiale Oberstufe, Sachsen-Anhalt

4 Inhaltsbereiche

KMK Bildungsstandards content areas for the Allgemeine Hochschulreife: Leben und Energie, Informationsverarbeitung in Lebewesen, Lebewesen in ihrer Umwelt, Vielfalt des Lebens

Bildungsstandards im Fach Biologie für die Allgemeine Hochschulreife, KMK-Beschluss 18.06.2020

Free 100-question English-language MCQ study bank for Sachsen-Anhalt Abitur Biologie, mapped to the Fachlehrplan's Zellbiologie/Biochemie, Genetik, Neurobiologie, Ökologie and Evolution Kompetenzschwerpunkte. Official exam: German materialgestützte Klausur, choose 3 of 4 Aufgaben, one with a fachpraktischer Anteil; 255 min (gA) / 300 min (eA) plus possible +60 min; written date 22.04.2026. Not an official-format simulation; no fee for regular school candidates.

Sample Sachsen-Anhalt Abitur Biology Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Sachsen-Anhalt Abitur Biology exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which cell organelle is the principal site of aerobic cellular respiration (Zellatmung) and is often called the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
A.Mitochondrium
B.Ribosom
C.Golgi-Apparat
D.Lysosom
Explanation: The mitochondrion carries out oxidative decarboxylation, the Tricarbonsäurezyklus and the Atmungskette, using its folded inner membrane (cristae) to generate ATP via chemiosmotic phosphorylation. Glycolysis, the first step, happens in the cytosol, but the energy-rich later stages occur inside the mitochondrion.
2The Flüssig-Mosaik-Modell (fluid mosaic model) used in the Sachsen-Anhalt Fachlehrplan describes the Biomembran as
A.a phospholipid bilayer in which proteins are embedded and can move laterally within the fluid lipid layer
B.a rigid protein lattice with fixed channels that never change position
C.a single layer of cellulose fibres reinforced with lignin
D.a solid wall of phospholipids with no embedded proteins at all
Explanation: In the fluid mosaic model, the phospholipid bilayer behaves as a two-dimensional fluid in which integral and peripheral proteins float and can diffuse laterally, giving the membrane its selective, dynamic character for transport and signalling.
3What is the general biological function of enzymes such as those studied in the Kompetenzschwerpunkt 'Vom Reiz zur Reaktion'?
A.They act as biological catalysts that lower the activation energy of a specific reaction without being consumed
B.They provide structural support for the cell membrane in place of phospholipids
C.They store genetic information that is passed on during cell division
D.They transport oxygen through the bloodstream to respiring tissues
Explanation: Enzymes are proteins (occasionally with a bound Coenzym) that speed up specific biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed, while remaining chemically unchanged themselves at the end of the reaction — this is the basis of their high specificity and reusability.
4ATP (Adenosintriphosphat), central to the Fachlehrplan's Zellatmung unit, functions in the cell primarily as
A.the universal short-term energy carrier that releases usable energy when its terminal phosphate bond is hydrolysed
B.the main structural protein of the cytoskeleton
C.the template molecule from which all proteins are directly translated
D.a pigment that absorbs light energy during the Lichtreaktion
Explanation: ATP stores chemical energy in its phosphate bonds; hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate to ADP and inorganic phosphate releases energy that cells couple to endergonic processes such as active transport, muscle contraction and biosynthesis.
5In eukaryotic cells, where does Glykolyse, the first stage of glucose breakdown, take place?
A.In the cytosol, outside the mitochondrion
B.Inside the mitochondrial matrix
C.On the inner mitochondrial membrane
D.Inside the cell nucleus
Explanation: Glykolyse splits one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules through a series of ten enzyme-catalysed steps in the cytosol, yielding a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH before pyruvate is shuttled into the mitochondrion for further breakdown.
6According to the Fachlehrplan's required experiment on enzyme activity, what typically happens to an enzyme's activity when the temperature rises far above its optimum?
A.Activity falls sharply because the protein denatures and loses its functional three-dimensional shape
B.Activity keeps rising indefinitely because heat always speeds up chemical reactions
C.Activity is unaffected because enzymes are chemically inert to temperature
D.The enzyme permanently converts into a different type of coenzyme
Explanation: Enzyme activity rises with temperature up to an optimum, but temperatures well above that optimum disrupt the hydrogen bonds and other weak interactions holding the protein's tertiary structure together, denaturing the active site and collapsing catalytic activity — the pattern the mandatory Schülerexperiment on pH and temperature is designed to demonstrate.
7A competitive inhibitor reduces enzyme activity by binding to the active site and mimicking the substrate. Why can raising the substrate concentration largely overcome this type of inhibition, unlike non-competitive inhibition?
A.Because the substrate and the competitive inhibitor compete for the same active site, so more substrate molecules out-compete the inhibitor for binding
B.Because raising substrate concentration destroys the inhibitor molecule chemically
C.Because competitive inhibitors only work at low temperatures and stop working as concentration rises
D.Because non-competitive inhibitors bind to the active site as well, so substrate has no effect on either type
Explanation: A competitive inhibitor and the substrate structurally resemble each other and compete for the same active site; increasing substrate concentration shifts the statistical odds so that substrate binds more often than the inhibitor, restoring activity. A non-competitive inhibitor binds elsewhere (an allosteric site), changing the enzyme's shape irrespective of how much substrate is present, so adding substrate cannot displace it.
8During Glykolyse, oxidative Decarboxylierung and the Tricarbonsäurezyklus, the coenzyme NAD+ is repeatedly reduced to NADH. What is the biochemical role of this Wasserstoff übertragendes Coenzym?
A.It picks up electrons and hydrogen released from glucose breakdown and delivers them to the Atmungskette to drive ATP synthesis
B.It directly forms the peptide bonds of new proteins at the ribosome
C.It acts as the template strand copied during DNA replication
D.It transports oxygen from the lungs to respiring cells
Explanation: NAD+ is reduced to NADH as it accepts electrons (as hydride, H⁻) released during the oxidation of glucose-derived intermediates; NADH then carries these high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain on the inner mitochondrial membrane, where their energy drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis.
9Why does the inner mitochondrial membrane form deep folds called Cristae?
A.To increase the surface area available for the electron transport chain proteins and ATP synthase, maximising ATP output
B.To physically separate the two DNA copies produced during mitosis
C.To store excess glucose as starch granules for later use
D.To filter out toxins before they enter the cytosol
Explanation: Cristae fold the inner mitochondrial membrane into a much larger surface area than a smooth sphere would allow, packing in more copies of the electron transport chain complexes and ATP synthase and thereby increasing the mitochondrion's capacity for oxidative phosphorylation.
10What distinguishes active transport from passive transport across the Biomembran?
A.Active transport requires energy, usually from ATP, to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport moves substances down their gradient without an energy input
B.Active transport only occurs in plant cells, while passive transport only occurs in animal cells
C.Passive transport always requires a carrier protein, while active transport never does
D.Active transport moves only water, while passive transport moves only ions
Explanation: Passive transport processes such as diffusion and facilitated diffusion move substances from high to low concentration and need no cellular energy input. Active transport, by contrast, uses ATP (e.g. via pump proteins) to move substances against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration.

About the Sachsen-Anhalt Abitur Biology Practice Questions

Verified exam format metadata for Saxony-Anhalt Abitur Biology (Biologie) is pending. The practice questions above remain available while official exam length, timing, passing score, fee, and administrator details are reviewed.