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Exam Review

Key Facts: Pancyprian Compass & Instruments Exam

419

Official subject code for ΠΥΞΙΔΑ ΚΑΙ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΑ ΟΡΓΑΝΑ Τ.Σ. (Θ.Κ.) in the 2026 Pancyprian Access Examinations

Cyprus Examinations Service

2.5 hours

Official examination duration (08:00–10:30) from the 2026 timetable

Cyprus Examinations Service

23 June 2026

2026 exam date for this subject per the official timetable

Cyprus Examinations Service

EUR 25

2026 fee per access subject (not code 032)

Cyprus Examinations Service Tomos A

0–20

Marking scale for each Pancyprian subject

Cyprus Examinations Service

100

Original practice questions in this study bank

OpenExamPrep

Free 100-question English-language MCQ study bank for Pancyprian Compass and Electronic Instruments Θ.Κ. (code 419). Official duration: 2.5 hours on 23 June 2026 (08:00–10:30). Official fee: EUR 25.00 per access subject in 2026. This bank is a study aid, not an official translation or format simulation.

Sample Pancyprian Compass & Instruments Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Pancyprian Compass & Instruments exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1A magnetic compass needle primarily aligns with which reference direction?
A.Magnetic north
B.Geographic (true) north
C.Gyro north
D.Grid north on a mercator chart
Explanation: A magnetic compass senses the Earth's magnetic field, so its north-seeking end aligns with magnetic north, not geographic true north. Navigators then apply variation and deviation to relate the reading to true directions.
2Why do carriage requirements still treat the magnetic compass as essential ship equipment?
A.It provides higher accuracy than any gyrocompass
B.It can indicate heading without depending on the ship's electrical power
C.It automatically corrects for deviation and variation
D.It replaces the need for charts and radar
Explanation: A magnetic compass is valued as a robust, independent heading reference that continues to function if electrical power or complex electronics fail. Accuracy still requires applying variation and deviation.
3Ship's magnetism that deflects the magnetic compass needle away from magnetic north is called:
A.Deviation
B.Variation
C.Dip
D.Precession
Explanation: Deviation is the compass error caused by the ship's own magnetic field. Variation is the geographic difference between true and magnetic north caused by the Earth's magnetic field.
4Technological improvements to traditional magnetic compasses are commonly grouped into which two broad categories?
A.Optical and hydraulic
B.Mechanical and electronic
C.Acoustic and satellite
D.Pneumatic and thermal
Explanation: Official Pancyprian marking schemes group magnetic-compass improvements into mechanical upgrades and electronic enhancements such as transmitting magnetic compasses and digital repeaters.
5Which statement best describes magnetic variation?
A.The difference between magnetic north and the ship's compass north caused by shipboard iron
B.The angular difference between true north and magnetic north at a place on Earth
C.The daily change in gyrocompass latitude correction
D.The difference between SOG and STW
Explanation: Variation (magnetic declination) is the angle between true north and magnetic north at a geographic position. It is taken from charts or models and changes slowly with location and time.
6A liquid-filled magnetic compass bowl is mainly intended to:
A.Increase the Earth's magnetic field strength
B.Eliminate the need for deviation cards
C.Damp card oscillation and reduce friction on the pivot
D.Force the card to indicate true north
Explanation: Compass liquid damps swinging of the card and supports the pivot so the card settles more steadily in a seaway. It does not remove variation or deviation.
7Which is a practical advantage of the magnetic compass compared with a gyrocompass?
A.It is unaffected by nearby steel structures
B.It requires little routine power and rarely fails catastrophically
C.It always reads true heading without corrections
D.It cannot be disturbed by magnetic cargo
Explanation: Magnetic compasses are simple, low-maintenance instruments that do not rely on continuous complex power systems. They remain subject to deviation and still need corrections.
8Hard-iron magnetism in a ship is best described as:
A.Temporary magnetism induced only while the ship is turning
B.The Earth's horizontal magnetic field component only
C.An error unique to free gyroscopes
D.Permanent magnetism retained in ferromagnetic structure
Explanation: Hard-iron (permanent) magnetism is retained magnetization in steel structure and fittings; it produces heading-dependent deviation components treated in compass adjustment.
9Soft-iron magnetism on board mainly arises because:
A.The gyro rotor stores angular momentum
B.Shipboard iron is magnetized by the Earth's magnetic field
C.GNSS satellites broadcast ephemerides
D.Radar pulse length changes with range scale
Explanation: Soft iron is easily magnetized by the Earth's field as the ship changes latitude and heading, inducing additional deviation components.
10A transmitting magnetic compass (TMC) primarily adds which capability?
A.Automatic removal of all variation worldwide
B.Replacement of the need for a gyrocompass under all conditions
C.Electrical transmission of heading to repeaters and other systems
D.Direct measurement of under-keel clearance
Explanation: A TMC senses the magnetic heading and transmits it electrically to repeaters, autopilots or other bridge equipment. Variation and deviation still must be understood and applied as required.

About the Pancyprian Compass & Instruments Exam

The Pancyprian Access Examination in Technical School Compass and Electronic Instruments (Theoretical Direction) (code 419, ΠΥΞΙΔΑ ΚΑΙ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΑ ΟΡΓΑΝΑ Τ.Σ. (Θ.Κ.)) is a centrally set 2026 subject assessment administered by the Examinations Service of the Cyprus Ministry of Education, Sport and Youth for university admission ranking in Cyprus and Greece. The official paper is a 2.5-hour Greek written examination covering magnetic and gyrocompasses, GNSS, radar, echo sounding, ECDIS-related chart concepts, AIS, VDR, speed logs and automatic steering. English-language MCQ study adaptation; not a substitute for practising full written answers in Greek.

Exam sponsor: Examinations Service, Cyprus Ministry of Education, Sport and Youth. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

A 2.5-hour Greek-language written paper in three parts: Part A twelve questions (4 marks each), Part B four questions (8 marks each), Part C two questions (10 marks each), combining short selected-response items with constructed theory and calculation answers. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or format simulation.

Time Limit

2.5 hours per the official 2026 timetable (08:00–10:30 on 23 June 2026)

Passing Score

Marked on a 0–20 scale; no pass mark — feeds the access/ranking grade (βαθμός πρόσβασης) for Cyprus and Greece public university allocation.

Exam / Certification Fees

EUR 25.00 per access subject for 2026 (EUR 50.00 only for Practical Physical Performance Test code 032), payable electronically by card during the official 2–17 April 2026 payment window per Examinations Service notices.

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

14%

Magnetic Compass

Construction, operation, advantages as mandatory equipment, and mechanical versus electronic improvements to traditional magnetic compasses.

12%

Deviation And Variation Calculations

True, magnetic and compass headings; east/west variation and deviation; conversion calculations using TVMDC-style relationships.

16%

Gyrocompass

Gyroscopic inertia and precession, free-gyro axes, alignment to true north, advantages over magnetic compasses, and common gyro errors.

14%

GPS And GNSS

Satellite constellation design, space/control/user segments, ground-segment roles, DGPS concepts, and chart-datum notes for satellite-derived positions.

12%

Marine Radar

Radar/ARPA principles, bearings of landmarks and other vessels, and target association with AIS when displayed together.

12%

Echo Sounder

Under-keel depth measurement, conventional versus multi-beam systems, depth-indication processing stages, and under-keel clearance judgment.

10%

ECDIS Basics

Electronic chart display concepts, geodetic datums such as WGS 84 notes on charts, and overlay of radar/AIS information.

10%

Bridge Electronics Integration

AIS static and dynamic data, VDR voyage recording, Doppler and other speed logs, and automatic steering / follow-up versus non-follow-up modes.

Preparing for the Pancyprian Compass & Instruments Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: Marked on a 0–20 scale; no pass mark — feeds the access/ranking grade (βαθμός πρόσβασης) for Cyprus and Greece public university allocation.
  • Assessment: A 2.5-hour Greek-language written paper in three parts: Part A twelve questions (4 marks each), Part B four questions (8 marks each), Part C two questions (10 marks each), combining short selected-response items with constructed theory and calculation answers. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or format simulation.
  • Time limit: 2.5 hours per the official 2026 timetable (08:00–10:30 on 23 June 2026)
  • Exam / certification fees: EUR 25.00 per access subject for 2026 (EUR 50.00 only for Practical Physical Performance Test code 032), payable electronically by card during the official 2–17 April 2026 payment window per Examinations Service notices. Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Pancyprian Compass & Instruments: Suggested Study Strategy

1Read the official 2026 specification row for code 419 (ΠΥΞΙΔΑ ΚΑΙ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΑ ΟΡΓΑΝΑ Τ.Σ. (Θ.Κ.)) on the Examinations Service guide before drilling MCQs.
2Practise true–magnetic–compass conversions with signed east/west variation and deviation until the arithmetic is automatic.
3After each wrong answer, rewrite the instrument principle (gyro inertia, Doppler shift, under-keel depth, AIS data type) in your own words.
4Schedule weekly timed practice with official past papers so you build the Greek constructed-response skills the real paper requires.
5Confirm logistics (centre, materials, language of response) from panexams.moec.gov.cy announcements, not from third-party summaries.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this the official Pancyprian Compass and Electronic Instruments exam?

No. The official assessment is administered by the Cyprus Examinations Service as a Greek-language written paper under code 419 with mixed selected-response and constructed-response tasks. This bank is a free English-language MCQ study adaptation for revision; practise official past papers and the specification for timed written answers.

How is the subject marked?

Like all Pancyprian access subjects it is marked on a 0–20 scale. There is no pass mark; the grade contributes to the access/ranking grade used for admission to public universities in Cyprus and Greece.

What is the 2026 exam fee?

EUR 25.00 per access subject (EUR 50.00 only for Practical Physical Performance Test code 032), payable by card in the official 2–17 April 2026 window, with exemptions for specified groups.

When was the 2026 paper scheduled?

Tuesday 23 June 2026, 08:00–10:30 (2.5 hours), per the official Examinations Service timetable and published paper header.

Why is the practice bank in English?

OpenExamPrep publishes one English-language practice URL per exam. The official paper is set in Greek. The bank is not an official translation of the Greek exam environment.

How should I use this bank with official materials?

Use the bank to diagnose weak syllabus areas (compass errors, GNSS, radar, echo sounder, ECDIS, AIS), then switch to Θέματα - Λύσεις and the official specification on panexams.moec.gov.cy for timed written practice that this bank does not simulate.