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100+ Free Pancyprian Biology Practice Questions
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2026 Statistics
Key Facts: Pancyprian Biology Exam
021
Official subject code for ΒΙΟΛΟΓΙΑ in the 2026 Pancyprian Access Examinations
Cyprus Examinations Service
3 hours
Official examination duration from the 2026 timetable
Cyprus Examinations Service
EUR 25
2026 fee per access subject (not code 032)
Cyprus Examinations Service
0–20
Marking scale for each Pancyprian subject
Cyprus Examinations Service
8–26 June 2026
Examination period of the 2026 Pancyprian Access Examinations
Cyprus Examinations Service
100
Original practice questions in this study bank
OpenExamPrep
Free 100-question English-language MCQ study bank for Pancyprian Biology (code 021). Official duration: 3 hours (08:00–11:00 per the official 2026 timetable). Official fee: EUR 25.00 per access subject in 2026. This bank is a study aid, not an official translation or format simulation.
Sample Pancyprian Biology Practice Questions
Try these sample questions to test your Pancyprian Biology exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.
1Which organelle is the main site of aerobic respiration in a eukaryotic cell?
A.Chloroplast
B.Ribosome
C.Mitochondrion
D.Golgi apparatus
Explanation: The mitochondrion is often called the powerhouse of the cell because the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation take place there, producing most of the cell's ATP. Its folded inner membrane (cristae) provides a large surface for the respiratory chain.
2Which feature is found in prokaryotic cells but NOT in eukaryotic cells?
A.A cell membrane
B.Ribosomes
C.Circular DNA lying free in the cytoplasm without a nucleus
D.Cytoplasm
Explanation: Prokaryotes, such as bacteria, lack a membrane-bound nucleus; their genetic material is a circular DNA molecule in a region called the nucleoid. Eukaryotic cells enclose their linear chromosomes inside a nuclear envelope. Both cell types share a membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes.
3The rough endoplasmic reticulum appears 'rough' under the electron microscope because it is studded with:
A.Lysosomes
B.Ribosomes that synthesise proteins for export
C.Vesicles containing digestive enzymes
D.Chlorophyll pigments
Explanation: The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with bound ribosomes, which synthesise proteins destined for secretion, membrane insertion or lysosomes. These proteins enter the ER lumen for folding and are then transported to the Golgi apparatus.
4Which structure is present in a plant leaf cell but absent from an animal cell?
A.Mitochondrion
B.Cell membrane
C.Cellulose cell wall
D.Nucleus
Explanation: Plant cells are surrounded by a rigid cellulose cell wall outside the cell membrane, which provides support and limits water uptake by osmosis. Animal cells have only a flexible cell membrane. Both cell types contain mitochondria and nuclei.
5The key difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane is that active transport:
A.Requires ATP and can move substances against their concentration gradient
B.Always moves substances down their concentration gradient
C.Does not require any membrane proteins
D.Only transports water molecules
Explanation: Active transport uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to pump substances from a region of lower to higher concentration, against the gradient, via carrier proteins such as the sodium-potassium pump. Facilitated diffusion also uses proteins but moves substances down their gradient without ATP.
6A red blood cell is placed in distilled water (a hypotonic solution). What will happen to the cell?
A.It will shrink because water leaves by osmosis
B.It will swell and may burst because water enters by osmosis
C.It will stay the same size because the membrane is impermeable to water
D.It will pump water out by active transport and stay unchanged
Explanation: Distilled water has a higher water potential than the cell's cytoplasm, so water enters the cell by osmosis. Red blood cells have no cell wall, so the inflow of water causes them to swell and eventually haemolyse (burst).
7Identical potato cylinders were weighed, placed in sucrose solutions of different concentrations for one hour, and reweighed. Results: 0.0 M sucrose +8% mass; 0.2 M +4%; 0.4 M -1%; 0.6 M -7%. The sucrose concentration closest to the water potential of the potato cells is approximately:
A.0.0 M
B.0.2 M
C.0.4 M
D.0.6 M
Explanation: When the external solution has the same water potential as the cells, there is no net water movement and mass stays constant. The mass change crosses zero between 0.2 M (+4%) and 0.4 M (-1%), so the isotonic point lies closest to 0.4 M (just under it).
8Enzymes are best described as:
A.Carbohydrates that provide energy for reactions
B.Biological catalysts, usually proteins, that speed up reactions without being used up
C.Hormones that carry messages between cells
D.Lipids that form the cell membrane
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts; almost all are proteins. They lower the activation energy of metabolic reactions, greatly increasing reaction rate, and emerge unchanged so they can be used repeatedly.
9Heating an enzyme well above its optimum temperature permanently reduces its activity because:
A.The enzyme molecules are completely digested by the substrate
B.The enzyme's active site changes shape as the protein denatures
C.The substrate molecules are destroyed
D.The enzyme molecules freeze into fixed positions
Explanation: High temperatures break the bonds maintaining the enzyme's tertiary structure. The active site loses its specific shape so the substrate can no longer bind; this denaturation is usually irreversible.
10In the induced-fit model of enzyme action, the active site:
A.Is a rigid shape that never changes
B.Changes shape slightly as the substrate binds, improving the fit
C.Is identical in all enzymes
D.Binds any substrate with equal strength
Explanation: The induced-fit model proposes that the active site is flexible and moulds itself around the substrate as it binds, forming the enzyme-substrate complex and stressing the bonds to be broken. This refines the older rigid lock-and-key model while retaining enzyme specificity.
About the Pancyprian Biology Practice Questions
Verified exam format metadata for Cyprus Pancyprian Access Examination Biology (ΒΙΟΛΟΓΙΑ, code 021) is pending. The practice questions above remain available while official exam length, timing, passing score, fee, and administrator details are reviewed.