100+ Free Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Practice Questions

Prepare for the Computer Technology and Software Professional Qualification (Level) Examination — Intermediate Network Engineer (计算机技术与软件专业技术资格（水平）考试 — 中级网络工程师) exam with instant access — no signup required.

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Ruankao Information System Management Engineer — Intermediate (软考中级信息系统管理工程师, China)

Practice Questions100 questions

2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Exam

45/75

Passing score on each of two subjects in the same sitting

National 软考 60% standard cited in 深人考发〔2026〕7号

240 minutes

Combined CBT time

软考 intermediate two-subject sitting rules; ruankao.org.cn 2026 first-half batch notice

23–26 May and 24–27 Oct 2026

Both 2026 sitting windows that include 网络工程师

计考办〔2026〕1号 / Shenzhen 报考指引 / ruankao.org.cn 2026 first-half batch notice

RMB 73/subject

Guangdong/Shenzhen fee example

粤发改价格函〔2024〕1073 via 深人考发〔2026〕7号

软考 Intermediate Network Engineer is a Chinese CBT qualification: knowledge MCQs plus a design/management paper in one 240-minute sitting, 45/75 on each subject, no score rollover. 2026 windows are 23–26 May and 24–27 October. This 100-question English MCQ bank adapts TCP/IP, routing, WAN, and design judgment; it is not an official paper.

Sample Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In 软考网络工程师 teaching of OSI, which layer is responsible for logical addressing and forwarding of packets between networks?

A.Data-link layer, which only forwards frames by MAC address inside one LAN

B.Network layer, which uses IP addresses and routers to forward packets

C.Transport layer, which only multiplexes ports on a single host

D.Physical layer, which only places bits on the medium

Explanation: OSI places routing and logical (IP) addressing at the network layer. Routers make hop-by-hop forwarding decisions there. The data-link layer uses MAC addresses within a LAN, transport uses ports and reliability, and the physical layer only codes bits onto the medium.

2Nyquist’s formula for a noiseless channel is C = 2B log2 M. Shannon’s C = B log2(1 + S/N) is needed when which extra constraint exists?

A.Additive noise, so the signal-to-noise ratio limits how many distinguishable levels you can use

B.Only the baud rate, with no noise and no SNR term

C.Only the fiber color, with no bandwidth B

D.Only the MAC address length

Explanation: Nyquist assumes a noiseless channel and counts symbols per second times bits per symbol. Real channels have noise; Shannon includes SNR so capacity stays finite even if you try to use more levels. Bandwidth B still appears in both formulas.

3A 网络工程师 must pick a backbone medium across a factory floor with strong EMI and a 2 km run. Which medium is the best first choice among the usual textbook options?

A.Unshielded Category 5e copper limited to about 100 m and sensitive to EMI

B.RG-58 coaxial Ethernet remaining as the campus backbone standard

C.Optical fiber, which is immune to EMI and supports long unrepeated runs

D.USB 2.0 cable used as a building backbone

Explanation: Fiber uses light in glass or plastic, so electromagnetic interference does not couple into the signal the way it does on copper, and kilometer-scale campus/factory runs are routine. UTP horizontal cabling is a 100 m-class channel and is not EMI-immune. Coax is largely historical for LAN backbones. USB is not a building backbone medium.

4Compared with classic circuit switching, what is the distinctive resource behavior of packet switching as taught in data-communication chapters?

A.A dedicated end-to-end circuit is reserved for the whole call even during silence

B.Every packet must use optical fiber; copper is forbidden

C.Packets never need headers because the path is reserved in hardware

D.Links are shared statistically; packets are queued and forwarded independently

Explanation: Packet switching multiplexes many flows on a link. Each packet carries addressing and is stored-and-forwarded, so idle users do not occupy a dedicated circuit. Circuit switching reserves a path for the call duration. Packets still need headers, and the switching method is independent of fiber versus copper.

5A voice-grade channel has bandwidth B = 4 kHz and SNR = 30 dB (S/N = 1000). Using Shannon’s C = B log2(1 + S/N), the capacity is closest to which value?

A.8 kb/s

B.16 kb/s

C.40 kb/s

D.4 Mb/s

Explanation: C = 4000 × log2(1 + 1000) = 4000 × log2(1001). log2(1001) is about 9.97, so C ≈ 39.9 kb/s, nearest 40 kb/s among the options. 8 kb/s is a PCM sampling-related distractor, 16 kb/s is half of a 32 kb/s guess, and 4 Mb/s is orders of magnitude too high for a 4 kHz channel.

6A noiseless channel has B = 3 kHz and uses M = 16 symbol levels. Using Nyquist’s C = 2B log2 M, what is the maximum bit rate?

A.6 kb/s

B.12 kb/s

C.24 kb/s

D.48 kb/s

Explanation: log2(16) = 4, so C = 2 × 3000 × 4 = 24 000 b/s = 24 kb/s. 6 kb/s is 2B with log2 M forgotten, 12 kb/s is B × log2 M, and 48 kb/s doubles the 2B factor twice.

7On a 网络工程师 paper, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is used at the data-link layer primarily to do what?

A.Correct every possible multi-bit error with a guaranteed Hamming distance of 1

B.Detect (not always correct) frame errors by testing whether a polynomial remainder is zero

C.Encrypt the payload with a shared AES key

D.Assign IPv6 addresses from a DHCPv6 pool

Explanation: CRC treats the frame as a polynomial and appends a remainder so the receiver’s division yields zero if no error is detected. It is an error-detecting code; retransmission or FEC may follow. Hamming codes are the usual textbook example of single-error correction. CRC is not encryption and not an IP address protocol.

8PCM for a 4 kHz telephone channel is sampled at the Nyquist rate. How many samples per second are required?

A.8000 samples/s

B.4000 samples/s

C.64 samples/s

D.155520 samples/s

Explanation: Nyquist sampling needs at least 2B samples per second. For a 4 kHz voice band that is 8000 samples/s. With 8-bit quantization this yields the classic 64 kb/s DS0. 4000 samples/s would alias a 4 kHz band. 64 is the kb/s rate, not the sample rate. 155520 is the STM-1 Mbit/s figure, unrelated to voice sampling.

9Which multiplexing method places many independent optical channels on one fiber by using different wavelengths?

A.TDM that only interleaves time slots on one wavelength

B.FDM that only divides a copper voice band into analog channels

C.CDM that only uses orthogonal codes on one radio carrier

D.WDM (including DWDM), which multiplexes wavelengths on fiber

Explanation: Wavelength-division multiplexing is optical FDM: each channel is a wavelength (color). TDM shares time slots, classic FDM is the analog-radio/copper case in textbooks, and CDM/CDMA uses codes. 网络工程师 data-communication chapters list FDM, TDM, and WDM together.

10Classic 10 Mb/s Ethernet PHY teaching uses Manchester encoding. What is its distinctive bit-cell feature?

A.A constant high level for bit 1 and low for bit 0 with no mid-bit transition

B.A mandatory mid-bit transition that encodes the value and provides clocking

C.Five-level PAM-5 as used by 1000BASE-T only

D.NRZ-I with no clocking information in the line code

Explanation: Manchester splits each bit cell: a mid-cell transition both represents 0 or 1 (direction) and keeps the receiver locked. Simple NRZ can have long runs without edges. 1000BASE-T uses PAM-5; 100BASE-TX uses 4B/5B plus MLT-3, not classic Manchester.

About the Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Exam

The Ruankao Intermediate Network Engineer exam (软考中级网络工程师) is a national computer-technology qualification under MIIT and MOHRSS. Official 考试说明 (https://www.ruankao.org.cn/article/content/bkzn/02_24.html) requires computer-system and data-communication basics, network OS, security protocols, architecture and standards, LAN/MAN/WAN, interconnection, TCP/IP services, access networks, management, performance/reliability, new technology, and IPR/Internet law, plus English technical reading. 网络工程师 is scheduled in both 2026 windows: 23–26 May 2026 and 24–27 October 2026 (计考办〔2026〕1号; Shenzhen 报考指引; ruankao.org.cn 2026 first-half batch notice). Delivery is computer-based in Chinese: two subjects in one sitting, combined 240 minutes. Both papers must reach 45/75; scores do not roll. There is no education or experience restriction. Fees are set provincially. This OpenExamPrep bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or a substitute for the written design/management paper.

Assessment

Computer-based combined sitting of 240 minutes. 基础知识: maximum 120 minutes and minimum 90 minutes. Remaining time is 应用技术 (网络系统设计与管理). Both subjects must reach 45/75 in the same sitting; scores do not roll.

Time Limit

240 minutes combined

Passing Score

45/75 each subject

Exam Fee

Provincially set (e.g. Guangdong/Shenzhen RMB 73/subject per 粤发改价格函〔2024〕1073 and 深人考发〔2026〕7号) (MIIT & MOHRSS / ruankao.org.cn)

Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Exam Content Outline

12%

computer-systems-and-data-communication

Computer-system and data-communication basics from the official 考试说明: media, coding, multiplexing, switching, and error control

28%

tcpip-routing-switching

Architecture, TCP/IP, LAN switching, VLAN/STP, IPv4/IPv6, RIP/OSPF/BGP, subnetting, VLSM, and routing-metric calculations

15%

wan-internet-and-services

WAN/MAN/access technologies, MPLS, and Internet application services (DNS, HTTP, FTP, mail, IPv6 transition)

15%

network-os-servers-and-management

Network OS and application servers, SNMP/RMON/FCAPS, diagnostic commands, and storage

15%

network-security

Security basics, crypto/PKI, IPsec/SSL VPN, ACL, firewall/IDS/IPS, and graded protection awareness

15%

design-standards-law

Hierarchical design, cabling, reliability, IETF/IEEE/ISO standards, and IPR/Internet-related PRC law

How to Pass the Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 45/75 each subject
Assessment: Computer-based combined sitting of 240 minutes. 基础知识: maximum 120 minutes and minimum 90 minutes. Remaining time is 应用技术 (网络系统设计与管理). Both subjects must reach 45/75 in the same sitting; scores do not roll.
Time limit: 240 minutes combined
Exam fee: Provincially set (e.g. Guangdong/Shenzhen RMB 73/subject per 粤发改价格函〔2024〕1073 and 深人考发〔2026〕7号)

Keys to Passing

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Ruankao Network Engineer (Intermediate) Study Tips from Top Performers

1Drill IPv4 subnetting and VLSM: network ID, broadcast, usable hosts = 2^(host bits) − 2, and allocate largest LANs first.

2RIP metric is hop count (16 = unreachable). OSPF interface cost is commonly reference-bandwidth / link-bandwidth (default reference 100 Mbps), then sum along the path.

3Map devices to layers: hub L1, switch L2, router L3; know 802.1Q trunks and STP root = lowest bridge ID.

4Know default ports and protocols: DNS 53, HTTP 80, HTTPS 443, FTP 21, SMTP 25, SNMP 161, BGP TCP 179, OSPF protocol 89.

5On 应用技术-style items, name the layer, the protocol, and the configuration object (VLAN, ACL line, OSPF area, IPsec mode) rather than a vague 'check the network'.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Ruankao Intermediate Network Engineer qualification?

It is the Intermediate Network Engineer subject (中级网络工程师) in the 软考 scheme. Official 考试说明: https://www.ruankao.org.cn/article/content/bkzn/02_24.html.

How is the official exam structured and scored?

Two subjects in one 240-minute CBT sitting. 基础知识 (计算机与网络知识) is a choice paper (max 120 / min 90 minutes). Remaining time is 应用技术 (网络系统设计与管理). Each subject is 75 points; both must reach 45 in the same sitting.

Who may sit, and what does it cost?

No education or experience restriction under 国人部发〔2003〕39号. Fees are provincial; Shenzhen/Guangdong charge RMB 73 per subject (深人考发〔2026〕7号).

When are the 2026 sittings?

网络工程师 is offered in both 2026 windows: 23–26 May 2026 and 24–27 October 2026 (计考办〔2026〕1号 / Shenzhen 报考指引). Register at https://www.ruankao.org.cn/.

Why are these practice questions in English?

The official exam is in Chinese. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation of syllabus knowledge and design/management judgment, not an official translation or a substitute for the written 网络系统设计与管理 paper.