100+ Free Grade-1 Constructor Practice Questions

Construction Engineering Economics (建设工程经济)

Engineering economics principles, cash flow diagrams, time value of money ($F = P(1+i)^n$, $P = F(1+i)^{-n}$, equivalent annuities), nominal vs effective interest rates, Net Present Value (NPV / FNPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR / FIRR), static and dynamic payback periods, breakeven analysis ($BEP(Q) = CF / (P - Cu - Tu)$), sensitivity analysis, financial statements (balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement), construction cost composition (direct labor/materials/plant, indirect management fees, measure fees, profit, value-added tax), bill of quantities valuation under GB 50500, comprehensive unit rate breakdown, interim payment valuations, variation pricing, claim cost calculations, and final account settlement.

Construction Project Management (建设工程项目管理)

Project organizational structures (matrix, linear, functional), Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), Organization Breakdown Structure (OBS), Responsibility Assignment Matrix, dynamic project control PDCA cycles, Project Manager statutory responsibilities and authorities under GB/T 50326, Critical Path Method (CPM) network analysis (single-node and double-node diagrams, ES, EF, LS, LF, Total Float $TF = LS - ES$, Free Float $FF = \min(ES_j - EF_i)$), schedule compression and crash cost trade-offs, Earned Value Management (PV, AC, EV, Cost Variance $CV = EV - AC$, Schedule Variance $SV = EV - PV$, Cost Performance Index $CPI = EV / AC$, Schedule Performance Index $SPI = EV / PV$, EAC), quality management systems (GB/T 19000 / ISO 9000, quality control points, quality accidents investigation), safety production management (dual prevention mechanism: risk classification and hazard control, three-level safety education, emergency response plans), and construction contract management (EPC general contracting, DBB model, GF-2017-0201 model contract, FIDIC contract conditions, construction dispute resolution, and 28-day notice procedures for time and cost claims).

Construction Laws, Regulations & Legal Knowledge (建设工程法规及相关知识)

PRC legal framework and civil law principles (Civil Code Part III Contracts, offer, acceptance, invalid contract clauses, breach of contract remedies, agency systems, property rights, tort liability), Construction Law and construction licensing (construction permit thresholds: investment $\ge$ RMB 300,000, floor area $\ge 300\text{ m}^2$, contractor qualification grading, registered practitioner liabilities), Tendering and Bidding Law and its Implementing Regulations (mandatory tendering scope and thresholds under NDRC Order No. 16: construction $\ge$ RMB 4M, goods $\ge$ RMB 2M, consulting $\ge$ RMB 1M; minimum 20-day bid preparation period, statutory bid security cap of 2%, performance bond cap of 10%, quality guarantee deposit cap of 3%, evaluation committee composition: odd number $\ge 5$ with experts $\ge 2/3$, prohibited collusive bidding), subcontracting regulations (prohibitions on transshipment/total subcontracting 转包, illegal subcontracting 违法分包, joint and several liability), statutory warranty periods (structure = design life, waterproofing = 5 years, MEP/heating = 2 cycles, decoration = 2 years), Work Safety Law (2021 revisions, safety officer allocation, safety production expenditure funds), Fire Protection Law, and Migrant Worker Wage Payment Protection Regulations.

Professional Engineering Management & Practice (专业工程管理与实务)

Construction engineering technology (earthwork excavation, slope support, deep foundation pit dewatering and shoring, pile foundation testing, concrete mix proportioning, slump tests, pouring, vibration, curing methods and durations, mass concrete thermal crack control with $\Delta T \le 25^\circ\text{C}$, formwork design and stripping strength criteria, rebar fabrication/mechanical splicing/welding, structural steel erection, high-strength bolt tightening, weld non-destructive testing UT/RT), hazardous engineering safety special schemes (危大工程专项施工方案 / MOHURD Orders No. 37 & 31: deep pits $\ge 5\text{ m}$, high formwork height $\ge 8\text{ m}$, span $\ge 18\text{ m}$, line load $\ge 20\text{ kN/m}$, line load/area load thresholds, hoisting $\ge 300\text{ kN}$, demolition, tunneling requiring expert panel demonstration 专家论证), site safety inspection scoring under JGJ 59 (guarantee items vs general items, scoring thresholds: Excellent $\ge 80$, Qualified $70-79$, Unqualified $< 70$, scaffolding, temporary electricity TN-S three-phase five-wire system & two-stage leakage protection, tower crane safety), and construction quality acceptance standard GB 50300 (hierarchy: Inspection Lot $\to$ Sub-item $\to$ Sub-division $\to$ Unit Project; Main Control Items 100% pass, General Items $\ge 80\%$, non-conformance handling and acceptance).