100+ Free Título de Especialista em Coloproctologia (SBCP / AMB) Practice Questions

Doenças Orificiais e Patologias Anorretais

In-depth evaluation of orificial pathology: Goligher classification of internal hemorrhoids, surgical techniques (Ferguson closed, Milligan-Morgan open, stapled anopexy PPH, Transanal Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization THD), thrombosed external hemorrhoids, acute and chronic anal fissures (Brodie's triad, chemical sphincterotomy with topical calcium channel blockers/nitrates, lateral internal sphincterotomy LIS), cryptoglandular perianal abscess spaces (perianal, ischioanal, intersphincteric, supralevator), Parks fistula classification, complex fistulas (LIFT, endoanal advancement flap, loose draining vs. cutting setons), pilonidal sinus surgery (Bascom cleft lift, Karydakis, Limberg transposition flaps), rectovaginal fistulas, pruritus ani, and HPV-induced anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN/HSIL).

Câncer Colorretal e Neoplasias do Canal Anal

Oncological management of colorectal and anal malignancies: AJCC/UICC TNM 8th staging, colon cancer resection standards (Complete Mesocolic Excision - CME with Central Vascular Ligation - CVL), adjuvant chemotherapy indications in Stage II/III disease, high-resolution pelvic MRI staging for rectal cancer, Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) with negative circumferential resection margin (CRM >1 mm), Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) protocols (RAPIDO, PRODIGE 23), Watch-and-Wait organ preservation strategy (Habr-Gama protocol) for complete clinical response, molecular biomarkers (MSI-H/dMMR, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF V600E), and definitive chemoradiation (Nigro protocol: 5-FU + Mitomycin-C + RT) versus salvage Abdominoperineal Resection (APR/Miles) for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.

Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII: Retocolite Ulcerativa e Doença de Crohn)

Comprehensive diagnostics and therapeutics for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Montreal classification, endoscopic scores (Mayo, SES-CD), fecal calprotectin, biologic therapies (anti-TNF agents like infliximab/adalimumab, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, risankizumab) and small molecules (tofacitinib, upadacitinib), acute severe ulcerative colitis (Truelove & Witts criteria, IV corticosteroids, rescue therapy vs. emergency subtotal colectomy), restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA / J-pouch) and pouchitis management, surgical principles in Crohn's disease (bowel preservation, strictureplasties: Heineke-Mikulicz, Finney, Michelassi), and complex perianal Crohn's fistula management.

Doença Diverticular e Complicações

Pathology and clinical spectrum of colonic diverticular disease: pseudodiverticula pathophysiology, modified Hinchey classification (stages Ia to IV), outpatient management of uncomplicated diverticulitis without routine antibiotics in selected low-risk patients, CT-guided percutaneous drainage of pelvic and retroperitoneal abscesses (>3-4 cm), emergency surgery (Hartmann's procedure vs. primary resection and anastomosis with diverting loop ileostomy), management of colovesical and colovaginal fistulas, and acute diverticular lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Incontinência Fecal, Distúrbios do Assoalho Pélvico e Constipação Crônica

Physiology and functional coloproctology: High-Resolution Anorectal Manometry (HRAM - resting pressure, squeeze pressure, rectoanal inhibitory reflex RAIR), 3D Endoanal Ultrasound (EAUS) for internal and external anal sphincter defect mapping, dynamic pelvic MRI defecography, Jorge-Wexner fecal incontinence scoring, biofeedback therapy, Sacral Neuromodulation (SNM), overlapping anal sphincteroplasty, full-thickness rectal prolapse surgical repair (laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy vs. perineal Altemeier / Delorme procedures), Rome IV chronic constipation subtypes, slow-transit constipation (colonic transit study, subtotal colectomy with IRA), and pelvic floor dyssynergia (anismus).

Pólipos Colorretais e Síndromes Hereditárias

Endoscopic assessment and genetic syndromes: Paris morphological classification (0-Ip, 0-Is, 0-IIa, 0-IIb, 0-IIc), NICE and JNET optical diagnosis classifications, serrated polyposis pathway, Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP - APC gene mutation, extracolonic manifestations, Gardner/Turcot syndromes, Spigelman duodenal staging, prophylactic restorative proctocolectomy vs. total colectomy with IRA), Lynch syndrome / HNPCC (DNA mismatch repair genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, Amsterdam II / revised Bethesda criteria, extended colectomy, gynecological surveillance), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (STK11 gene, hamartomas), and MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP).

Colonoscopia, Procedimentos Endoscópicos e Urgências Coloproctológicas

Diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy: bowel preparation regimens, Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), quality indicators (Adenoma Detection Rate ADR >25%, cecal intubation rate >95%, withdrawal time >=6 min), endoscopic resection (cold snare, EMR, ESD), post-polypectomy coagulation syndrome and perforation management; coloproctologic emergencies: sigmoid volvulus (sigmoidoscopic detorsion and decompression vs. Hartmann procedure) vs. cecal volvulus (ileocecal resection / right hemicolectomy), acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome - conservative management, IV neostigmine protocol, endoscopic decompression), acute mesenteric ischemia and ischemic colitis (Griffith and Sudeck watershed areas), lower GI bleeding algorithms, and necrotizing soft-tissue infection (Fournier's gangrene).