100+ Free BCS Written Economics Practice Questions

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: BCS Written Economics Exam

200 marks

Post-related Economics paper (Subject Code 331)

BPSC BCS Written syllabus

100 + 100

Part I principles / Part II Bangladesh economy

BPSC BCS Written syllabus

4 hours

Duration used for BPSC 200-mark written papers (confirm routine)

BPSC sitting practice

50% aggregate

Written qualifying standard on 900 marks

BPSC BCS examination page

Tk. 200 / Tk. 50

50th BCS application fee (general / reduced categories)

50th BCS circular reporting citing PSC

1972-2005

Syllabus window for GDP, agriculture, industry, and services structure

BPSC Economics syllabus Part II

BPSC Subject Code 331 is a 200-mark, 4-hour descriptive post-related paper (100 principles + 100 Bangladesh economy) inside the 900-mark written stage. Pass standard is 50% written aggregate plus any per-paper minima. This page offers 100 English MCQs as a study aid, not an official-paper simulation.

Sample BCS Written Economics Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your BCS Written Economics exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Which statement best distinguishes microeconomics from macroeconomics?

A.Microeconomics applies solely to developed countries; macroeconomics applies solely to developing countries

B.Microeconomics studies economy-wide aggregates; macroeconomics studies a single firm

C.Microeconomics studies individual units and markets; macroeconomics studies aggregates such as national income and the price level

D.Microeconomics is only about money; macroeconomics is only about goods

Explanation: Microeconomics analyses choices of households and firms and the determination of prices and quantities in individual markets. Macroeconomics analyses economy-wide aggregates such as income, employment, inflation, and the overall price level. The Keynesian model of income determination on this syllabus is a macroeconomic framework.

2In the simplest closed-economy Keynesian model with no government, equilibrium national income is determined where planned saving equals planned investment. If the consumption function is C = 40 + 0.8Y and planned investment is 60, what is equilibrium income?

A.200

B.400

C.500

D.800

Explanation: At equilibrium Y = C + I, so Y = 40 + 0.8Y + 60. Then 0.2Y = 100 and Y = 500. Equivalently, planned saving S = Y − C = 0.2Y − 40 equals planned investment 60, which also yields Y = 500.

3Why is the simple Keynesian demand-management model often judged less applicable to underdeveloped countries than to mature industrial economies?

A.Underdeveloped countries have no government sector, so G cannot appear in the income identity

B.Underdeveloped countries have unlimited unused industrial capacity and no supply constraints

C.Keynes assumed unemployed resources with elastic output response; many underdeveloped economies face structural supply bottlenecks, so extra demand may raise prices more than real output

D.Saving is always equal to investment in underdeveloped countries, so the multiplier is zero

Explanation: The Keynesian multiplier assumes idle capacity and a relatively elastic short-run aggregate supply, so extra effective demand raises real income and employment. In many underdeveloped economies, bottlenecks in food, infrastructure, skills, and imported inputs mean demand stimulus is more inflationary. Rural disguised unemployment is also not the same as Keynesian cyclical unemployment of idle plant.

4If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.75 in a simple Keynesian model with no taxes or foreign trade, and autonomous investment rises by 50, by how much does equilibrium income rise?

A.37.5

B.50

C.150

D.200

Explanation: The simple multiplier is 1/(1 − MPC) = 1/0.25 = 4. A rise in autonomous investment of 50 therefore raises equilibrium income by 4 × 50 = 200. Equivalently, MPS = 0.25 and k = 1/MPS = 4.

5In the Keynesian model, the level of employment in the short run is determined primarily by:

A.Population growth, which automatically creates matching jobs

B.The real wage that always clears the labor market at full employment

C.Effective demand, that is planned consumption plus planned investment (and other autonomous spending)

D.The quantity of money alone, independent of spending

Explanation: Keynes argued that firms hire labor to meet expected sales. Short-run output and employment therefore follow effective demand—planned consumption plus investment (and government and net exports in the extended model). Labor-market wage flexibility does not by itself guarantee full employment if demand is deficient.

6Other things equal, the law of demand states that:

A.Supply determines quantity demanded at every price

B.Quantity demanded rises as price rises

C.Quantity demanded falls as price rises

D.Demand is independent of price

Explanation: The law of demand is the inverse relationship between a good’s own price and quantity demanded, holding other determinants constant (the ceteris paribus clause). Graphically it is a downward-sloping demand curve. Income, tastes, and related-goods prices shift the curve rather than tracing this law.

7When the price of a good rises from 10 to 12, quantity demanded falls from 50 to 40. Using the point formula with the original price and quantity, the price elasticity of demand is:

A.4 (elastic)

B.0.5 (inelastic)

C.1 (unit elastic)

D.2 (elastic)

Explanation: Point elasticity is (ΔQ/ΔP) × (P/Q) = (−10/2) × (10/50) = (−5) × 0.2 = −1, so |Ed| = 1 (unit elastic). Simple percentages give the same result: quantity falls 20% as price rises 20%.

8Price rises from 8 to 10 and quantity supplied rises from 40 to 50. Using simple percentage changes from the original values, price elasticity of supply is:

A.2

B.0.5

C.1

D.1.25

Explanation: Percentage change in quantity supplied is (10/40)×100 = 25%. Percentage change in price is (2/8)×100 = 25%. Es = 25/25 = 1 (unit-elastic supply at these original values). The point formula (ΔQ/ΔP)×(P/Q) = (10/2)×(8/40) = 5×0.2 = 1 confirms it.

9If demand is price-elastic at the current point, a small decrease in price will:

A.Reduce total revenue because each unit sells for less

B.Leave total revenue unchanged because elasticity is a pure number

C.Increase total revenue because the percentage rise in quantity exceeds the percentage fall in price

D.Increase total revenue only if supply is perfectly inelastic

Explanation: Total revenue is P×Q. When |Ed| > 1, quantity rises proportionally more than price falls, so TR increases when price is cut. This is why a monopolist never maximises profit on the inelastic portion of demand, where MR would be negative.

10Income rises from 2,000 to 2,200 and quantity demanded of a good falls from 100 to 95. Income elasticity of demand is:

A.+0.5, and the good is normal and necessary

B.+1, and the good is unit-income-elastic

C.−2, and the good is strongly inferior

D.−0.5, and the good is inferior

Explanation: Ey = (%ΔQ)/(%ΔY) = (−5/100) / (200/2000) = (−0.05)/(0.10) = −0.5. A negative income elasticity means the good is inferior: demand falls as income rises. The point formula (ΔQ/ΔY)×(Y/Q) = (−5/200)×(2000/100) = (−0.025)×20 = −0.5.

About the BCS Written Economics Exam

BCS Written Post-Related Economics (Subject Code 331) is a 200-mark descriptive paper in the Bangladesh Civil Service written stage. Part I covers principles of economics: Keynesian income determination, demand and elasticity, utility and indifference analysis, production and costs, market structures, distribution, functions, national income, international trade (comparative advantage, Hecksher-Ohlin, terms of trade, tariffs), and globalization under the WTO. Part II covers development and the Bangladesh economy, including fiscal and monetary institutions, trade and aid, and the 1972-2005 changing structure of GDP, agriculture, industry, and services, plus Five-Year Plans, BDF, and PRSP. This free bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation of that syllabus—not an official translation, format simulation, or substitute for descriptive writing.

Assessment

200 marks in two equal parts: Part I Principles of Economics (100) and Part II Bangladesh economy and development (100). Official papers are descriptive (short and long answers) over 4 hours in longstanding BPSC 200-mark sitting practice. Technical/professional cadre candidates sit this post-related paper; dual-cadre applicants sit it in addition to the general written set. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or substitute for writing practice.

Time Limit

4 hours (confirm the current BPSC written routine)

Passing Score

50% aggregate on the 900-mark written examination (BPSC page), plus any per-paper minima set by BPSC; confirm the current circular

Exam Fee

Tk. 200 general (50th BCS); Tk. 50 for small ethnic groups, persons with disabilities, and third-gender applicants; no separate written fee (Bangladesh Public Service Commission (BPSC))

BCS Written Economics Exam Content Outline

100/200

Part I — Principles of Economics

Micro/macro and Keynesian income determination; demand, supply and elasticities; cardinal/ordinal utility; indifference curves; production, isoquants and costs; perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition; marginal productivity theory of distribution; linear to log functions; national income; trade theory including Hecksher-Ohlin, terms of trade and tariffs; globalization and WTO.

100/200

Part II — Bangladesh Economy and Development

Development and underdevelopment; population, unemployment, inequality, gender, governance, corruption and poverty; budget, taxes and borrowing; Bangladesh Bank, commercial and specialized banks, Grameen Bank, PKSF, NGOs and microcredit, money and capital markets, credit and exchange-rate policy; exports, imports, TOT, BOT, aid and BOP; sectoral structure 1972-2005; planning, Five-Year Plans, BDF and PRSP; WTO-era challenges.

How to Pass the BCS Written Economics Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 50% aggregate on the 900-mark written examination (BPSC page), plus any per-paper minima set by BPSC; confirm the current circular
Assessment: 200 marks in two equal parts: Part I Principles of Economics (100) and Part II Bangladesh economy and development (100). Official papers are descriptive (short and long answers) over 4 hours in longstanding BPSC 200-mark sitting practice. Technical/professional cadre candidates sit this post-related paper; dual-cadre applicants sit it in addition to the general written set. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation, not an official translation or substitute for writing practice.
Time limit: 4 hours (confirm the current BPSC written routine)
Exam fee: Tk. 200 general (50th BCS); Tk. 50 for small ethnic groups, persons with disabilities, and third-gender applicants; no separate written fee

Keys to Passing

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

BCS Written Economics Study Tips from Top Performers

1Treat Part I and Part II as equal 100-mark blocks; do not skip Bangladesh-economy essays for theory, or vice versa.

2Drill elasticity, national-income identities, the simple Keynesian multiplier, and terms of trade with full workings—these are high-yield calculation themes on the syllabus.

3Use the syllabus spelling Hecksher-Ohlin when naming that trade theory, and state the factor-endowment prediction clearly.

4For 1972-2005 structure questions, argue direction of change (agriculture share down; industry and services up) rather than inventing unpublished percentages.

5Name fiscal, monetary, and microcredit institutions correctly: Bangladesh Bank, Grameen Bank, PKSF (syllabus PKSP), BDF, and PRSP.

6Use this MCQ bank to lock concepts, then practise timed descriptive answers in the language you will write on exam day.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the official BCS Economics paper multiple choice?

No. BPSC Written Post-Related Economics (Subject Code 331) is a 200-mark descriptive paper. This bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation of the official syllabus, not an official translation, format simulation, or substitute for writing practice.

How is the 200-mark Economics syllabus split?

The official BPSC syllabus splits the paper equally: Part I Principles of Economics (100 marks) and Part II Bangladesh economy and development (100 marks). This practice bank uses the same 50/50 weighting.

What is the pass mark for the BCS written examination?

The BPSC page requires 50% aggregate on the 900-mark written examination. Per-paper minima also apply as set by BPSC. Confirm the current circular.

How long is the Economics written paper?

Four hours is the duration used for BPSC 200-mark written papers on this site and in longstanding BPSC sitting practice. Always confirm the timetable on the current written routine.

Is there a separate fee for the written Economics paper?

No. For the 50th BCS the application fee is Tk. 200 (general) or Tk. 50 (small ethnic groups, persons with disabilities, third-gender), covering preliminary, written, and viva. Confirm the live circular.

Does the viva still carry 200 marks?

The official BPSC page still lists viva voce as 200 marks with a 50% pass. News coverage from the 47th BCS onward has reported a 100-mark viva, and PSC has discussed reducing it further. Confirm the current circular.

Are 1972-2005 GDP figures in this bank meant as 2026 statistics?

No. The official syllabus tests the changing structure of real GDP, agriculture, industry, and services over 1972-2005. Those items are syllabus-period facts, not current national accounts.

100+ Free BCS Written Economics Practice Questions

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