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100+ Free Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Practice Questions

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Key Facts: Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Exam

€0

Fee for 1st & 2nd Attempt at Modules 1–3 and Unternehmerprüfung (Federally Funded Since 2024)

WKO Meisterprüfungsstellen Gebührenordnung

Level 6

NQR / EQF Qualification Level for Austrian Master Craftsman (Meisterprüfung)

Nationaler Qualifikationsrahmen (NQR) Österreich

5 Modules

Examination Structure (Practical, Oral, Written Theory & Calculation, Trainer, Business)

WKO Meisterprüfungsordnung Friseur

§ 94 Z 22

Regulated Craft Classification of Friseur und Perückenmacher in GewO 1994 (Handwerk)

Gewerbeordnung 1994 (GewO 1994)

Mst.

Master Title Carried Before the Name and Registrable in Official Documents Since 21 August 2020

GewO 1994 novelle of 8 July 2020; WKO Meistertitel guidance

pH 3.0–3.5

Optimal Acidic pH Range for Hydrogen Peroxide Neutralizers in Chemical Reformation

Textbook of Hair Chemistry & Cosmetics

20 Vol (6%)

Standard Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration for 100% White/Grey Hair Coverage

Professional Colorimetry Standards

(EC) 1223/2009

EU Cosmetics Regulation Governing Ingredient Restrictions, Labelling & Salon Safety

European Parliament & Council Regulation

The Austrian Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher is the NQR Level 6 master craft qualification administered by WKO Meisterprüfungsstellen across 5 modules covering trichology, chemical texturing, hair colorimetry, cutting geometry, and salon economics.

Sample Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1What are the three concentric histological layers that compose a human terminal hair shaft from outside to inside?
A.Cuticula (Cuticle), Cortex (Faserschicht / Kortex), and Medulla (Markkanal)
B.Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis
C.Enamel, Dentin, and Pulp
D.Epimysium, Perimysium, and Endomysium
Explanation: A mature hair shaft consists of: (1) Cuticula (outer protective overlapping keratin scales); (2) Cortex (fibrous middle layer comprising approx. 80–90% of hair mass, containing melanin pigments and keratin fibrils); and (3) Medulla (innermost spongy core).
2How is the protective Cuticle (Cuticula / Schuppenschicht) of a healthy hair shaft arranged and what is its primary function?
A.Composed of 6 to 10 overlapping, flattened, roof-tile-like layers of hard keratin scales pointing toward the hair tip, protecting the inner cortex from chemical and mechanical damage
B.A soft liquid fat layer that continuously evaporates in sunlight
C.A solid metallic tube that conducts electrical current from the scalp
D.A layer of actively dividing stem cells that synthesize melanin
Explanation: The cuticle consists of flattened, anucleate, hardened keratin cells arranged like overlapping shingles on a roof pointing toward the distal tip, forming a smooth, translucent, hydrophobic barrier protecting the fibrous cortex.
3Which strong covalent chemical bonds cross-link parallel polypeptide chains in hair keratin, providing permanent structural strength and elasticity that can only be broken by chemical reducing agents (e.g., thioglycolate)?
A.Disulfide bonds (Disulfidbrücken / Cystinbrücken)
B.Hydrogen bonds (Wasserstoffbrücken)
C.Salt linkages (Salzbrücken)
D.Van der Waals dispersion forces
Explanation: Disulfide bonds (-S-S-) are strong covalent links formed between cysteine amino acid residues. They are resistant to water, heat, and mechanical stretching, requiring specific chemical reducing agents to break during permanent waving or chemical straightening.
4Why can dry hair be temporarily reshaped into a new form (e.g., during water wave styling or curling iron blowouts) that reverses upon exposure to rain or high humidity?
A.Water molecules temporarily break weak Hydrogen and Salt bonds, allowing keratin alpha-helices to shift; when dried, the bonds reform in the new position until moisture breaks them again
B.Water permanently destroys the hair's genetic DNA
C.Moisture permanently dissolves all disulfide bonds into gas
D.Water converts hair keratin into liquid olive oil
Explanation: Hydrogen and ionic salt bonds are easily broken by water molecules penetrating the cortex. When hair is wound on rollers or styled with heat, water evaporates and the bonds reform in the new molded configuration (temporary styling / Wasserwelle).
5What is the active growth phase of the human hair follicle cycle, and what is its average duration on the human scalp?
A.Anagen phase (Anagenphase / Wachstumsphase), lasting approximately 2 to 7 years
B.Catagen phase (Katagenphase / Übergangsphase), lasting 2 to 3 weeks
C.Telogen phase (Telogenphase / Ruhephase), lasting 2 to 4 months
D.Exogen phase, lasting exactly 5 minutes
Explanation: The Anagen phase is the active proliferative growth phase where matrix cells divide rapidly and melanocytes produce pigment, lasting 2 to 7 years. Approximately 85–90% of scalp hairs are in the anagen phase at any given time.
6What is considered the normal physiological rate of daily hair shedding (Haarausfall) from a healthy human scalp?
A.Approximately 50 to 100 hairs per day
B.Exactly 1,000 to 2,000 hairs per day
C.Zero hairs per day (any shedding is a severe disease)
D.10,000 hairs per day
Explanation: With roughly 100,000 to 150,000 follicles on the scalp and approx. 10–15% in telogen resting phase, the shedding of 50 to 100 telogen club hairs per day is completely normal and physiological.
7Which two biological melanin pigments determine the natural hair color in the human cortex, and how do they differ?
A.Eumelanin (large brown-black oval granules providing depth and darkness) and Pheomelanin (small red-yellow diffuse granules containing sulfur, providing warmth and blonde/red tones)
B.Chlorophyll (green) and Hemoglobin (bright red)
C.Bilirubin (yellow) and Melatonin (blue)
D.Carotene (orange) and Carbon Black (artificial industrial pigment)
Explanation: Natural hair color is created by the ratio and density of Eumelanin (brown-black insoluble polymer) and Pheomelanin (cysteine-rich red-yellow pigment). Dark hair is rich in eumelanin, while natural blond and red hair is dominated by pheomelanin.
8What causes the physiological graying/whitening of hair with advancing age (Canities / Ergrauen der Haare)?
A.Melanocytes in the hair bulb lose tyrosinase activity and eventually undergo apoptosis, ceasing melanin synthesis, so that air pockets replace pigment granules within the translucent cortex
B.The hair shaft becomes filled with white milk from the bloodstream
C.Hair scales are bleached white by stomach acid
D.Melanocytes turn into white bone-producing cells
Explanation: Canities results from the progressive exhaustion of melanocyte stem cells and decline of tyrosinase enzyme activity in the hair follicle bulb. As melanin production ceases, the hair shaft grows unpigmented (white/translucent), appearing gray due to optical light scattering.
9Which active androgen metabolite is primarily responsible for the progressive miniaturization of genetically sensitive hair follicles in Androgenetic Alopecia (männlicher Haarausfall / AGA)?
A.Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), converted from testosterone by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase
B.Estrogen
C.Insulin
D.Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Explanation: In androgenetic alopecia, 5-alpha-reductase converts testosterone into DHT in the scalp. In genetically susceptible follicles (frontal hairline and vertex), DHT shortens the anagen phase and miniaturizes terminal follicles into fine, non-pigmented vellus hairs.
10What is the characteristic clinical presentation of Alopecia areata (Kreisrunder Haarausfall)?
A.Sharply circumscribed, smooth, circular or oval patches of completely bald scalp without signs of inflammation or scarring, often with exclamation mark hairs (Ausrufezeichenhaare) at the periphery
B.Diffuse, uniform hair thinning over the entire body
C.Severe purulent crusting and scarring with total destruction of all skin
D.Thickening of hair shafts into dense wire coils
Explanation: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune T-cell-mediated attack on anagen hair bulbs, producing sudden, well-demarcated circular bald patches with intact follicular ostia and characteristic short, tapered 'exclamation mark' hairs at active margins.

About the Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Exam

The Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher (Stylist) is the statutory master craft qualification in Austria for the hairdressing and wigmaking trade, classified as a regulated craft (Handwerk gemäß § 94 Z 22 GewO 1994). Administered by the Meisterprüfungsstellen of the Austrian Economic Chambers (WKO), this qualification is positioned at Level 6 of the National and European Qualifications Framework (NQR/EQF Level 6, equivalent to a Bachelor's degree). Achieving the master title ('Meisterin' / 'Meister', Mst.) confers the legal right to independently operate a commercial hair salon, train apprentices, and deliver advanced styling, chemical reformation, hair coloring, and hair replacement services. The examination requires deep competence in trichological science, chemical bonding in hair reformation, oxidative coloration kinetics, haircutting architecture, occupational toxicology, and salon enterprise calculation. This practice bank provides an English-language MCQ study adaptation tailored for comprehensive exam preparation.

Assessment

Five modules under the Friseur-Meisterprüfungsordnung of the Bundesinnung der Friseure, issued on §§ 24 and 352a Abs. 2 GewO 1994 and in force since 1 January 2022, replacing the 2004 order. § 2 of the order requires learning outcomes matching the Niveau 6 descriptors of the NQR-Gesetz. Modul 1 Fachlich praktische Prüfung: Teil A 'Prüfarbeit auf Niveau der Lehrabschlussprüfung'; Teil B in four subjects — Damenbedienen mit Farbveränderung, Damenbedienen mit permanenter Umformung, Herrenbedienen (hair and scalp analysis, treatment plan, innovative cuts, salon cutting concepts, occasion styling, shaving under difficult conditions, beard shaping) and Haararbeiten (making, caring for and styling full and partial hair replacement, assessed on tressing and knotting technique). Modul 2 Fachlich mündliche Prüfung: Teil A a technical discussion at apprenticeship-final level; Teil B in three subjects — Management, Qualitätsmanagement and Sicherheitsmanagement, each a case-based discussion before the full commission. Modul 3 Fachtheoretische schriftliche Prüfung in three subjects — Fachkompetenz, Planungskompetenz, and Rechnerische Kompetenz und Kalkulation. Modul 4 Ausbilderprüfung under §§ 29a ff BAG or the Ausbilderkurs under § 29g BAG. Modul 5 Unternehmerprüfung. Modules may be sat in any order and individually; a relevant Lehrabschlussprüfung is credited against Modul 1 Teil A and Modul 2 Teil A.

Time Limit

Modul 1: max 70 min (Teil A) plus 6 h, 4.5 h, 105 min and 3.5 h maxima across the four Teil-B subjects; Modul 2: 10–20 min plus three subjects of 20–30 min each; Modul 3: max 75 min, 3.5 h and 75 min across its three subjects

Passing Score

School grade scale 'Sehr gut' (1) to 'Nicht genügend' (5); every subject must achieve at least 'Genügend' (4)

Exam Fee

Free for the 1st and 2nd attempt at every module including the Unternehmerprüfung (federally funded since 1 Jan 2024, retroactive to 1 Jul 2023); Allgemeine Prüfungsordnung fees apply from the 3rd attempt (WKO Meisterprüfungsstellen / Bundesinnung der Friseure)

Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Exam Content Outline

20% of this practice bank

Trichology, Scalp Biology & Hair Anatomy (Trichologie & Haaranatomie)

Histology of the hair follicle and dermal papilla, structural layers of the hair shaft (cuticle scale alignment, cortical microfibrils, medulla), keratin polypeptide alpha-helix conformation, disulfide/hydrogen/salt bonding, hair growth phases (anagen, catagen, telogen), natural melanin ratios (eumelanin vs pheomelanin), and scalp pathologies (dandruff/pityriasis, seborrhea, alopecia androgenetica, alopecia areata).

20% of this practice bank

Chemical Hair Reformation & Texture Services (Chemische Haarumformung & Dauerwelle)

Redox chemistry of permanent waving: reduction of cystine disulfide bridges by thioglycolic acid derivatives, alkaline swelling (ammonia, MEA), pH buffer systems, mechanical winding dynamics and diameter selection, rinse intervals, oxidative reforming with hydrogen peroxide/sodium bromate, and cysteic acid formation.

25% of this practice bank

Colorimetry, Oxidative Coloration & Lightening (Koloration, Blondierung & Farbmetrik)

Principles of subtractive color mixing, international color numbering system (depth levels 1–10 and tonal nuances), oxidative color chemistry (primary intermediates like p-phenylenediamine, secondary couplers, oxidation polymerization inside the cortex), developer strength calculations (vol/% conversion: 10V=3%, 20V=6%, 30V=9%, 40V=12%), persulfate bleaching chemistry, and complementary color neutralization.

20% of this practice bank

Haircutting Geometry, Styling, Grooming & Wigmaking (Haarschneidetechnik & Perücken)

Spatial haircutting geometry (0° solid form, 45° graduated form, 90° uniform layered form, 180° increased layered form), tension control, over-direction, point cutting, slicing, barbering techniques (clipper-over-comb, skin fades, hot towel straight-razor shave), and wig construction (hand-tied lace fronts, weft attachments, human vs synthetic hair care).

15% of this practice bank

Occupational Safety, Hygiene & Salon Business Calculation (Arbeitsschutz, Hygiene & Kalkulation)

Austrian Gewerbeordnung (§ 94 Z 22 GewO 1994), European Cosmetics Regulation (EC) 1223/2009, occupational dermatosis prevention (use of single-use nitrile gloves, skin barrier creams), salon cost accounting (calculating overhead surcharges, product usage quotas, hourly salon seat charge), and apprentice training legislation (Berufsausbildungsgesetz BAG).

How to Pass the Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Exam

What You Need to Know

  • Passing score: School grade scale 'Sehr gut' (1) to 'Nicht genügend' (5); every subject must achieve at least 'Genügend' (4)
  • Assessment: Five modules under the Friseur-Meisterprüfungsordnung of the Bundesinnung der Friseure, issued on §§ 24 and 352a Abs. 2 GewO 1994 and in force since 1 January 2022, replacing the 2004 order. § 2 of the order requires learning outcomes matching the Niveau 6 descriptors of the NQR-Gesetz. Modul 1 Fachlich praktische Prüfung: Teil A 'Prüfarbeit auf Niveau der Lehrabschlussprüfung'; Teil B in four subjects — Damenbedienen mit Farbveränderung, Damenbedienen mit permanenter Umformung, Herrenbedienen (hair and scalp analysis, treatment plan, innovative cuts, salon cutting concepts, occasion styling, shaving under difficult conditions, beard shaping) and Haararbeiten (making, caring for and styling full and partial hair replacement, assessed on tressing and knotting technique). Modul 2 Fachlich mündliche Prüfung: Teil A a technical discussion at apprenticeship-final level; Teil B in three subjects — Management, Qualitätsmanagement and Sicherheitsmanagement, each a case-based discussion before the full commission. Modul 3 Fachtheoretische schriftliche Prüfung in three subjects — Fachkompetenz, Planungskompetenz, and Rechnerische Kompetenz und Kalkulation. Modul 4 Ausbilderprüfung under §§ 29a ff BAG or the Ausbilderkurs under § 29g BAG. Modul 5 Unternehmerprüfung. Modules may be sat in any order and individually; a relevant Lehrabschlussprüfung is credited against Modul 1 Teil A and Modul 2 Teil A.
  • Time limit: Modul 1: max 70 min (Teil A) plus 6 h, 4.5 h, 105 min and 3.5 h maxima across the four Teil-B subjects; Modul 2: 10–20 min plus three subjects of 20–30 min each; Modul 3: max 75 min, 3.5 h and 75 min across its three subjects
  • Exam fee: Free for the 1st and 2nd attempt at every module including the Unternehmerprüfung (federally funded since 1 Jan 2024, retroactive to 1 Jul 2023); Allgemeine Prüfungsordnung fees apply from the 3rd attempt

Keys to Passing

  • Work through all 100 available questions
  • Review every answer and explanation
  • Track weak areas and revisit them
  • Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher Study Tips from Top Performers

1Master the chemistry of permanent waving: thioglycolic acid (HS-CH2-COOH) reduces disulfide bridges (-S-S-) in cystine to two cysteine thiol groups (-SH HS-); subsequent neutralization with acidic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, pH 2.5–3.5) re-oxidizes the sulfur atoms into new stabilizing disulfide bonds in the coiled position.
2Understand the hydrogen peroxide developer volume-to-percentage conversions: 10 Vol = 3% H2O2 (tone-on-tone or darker), 20 Vol = 6% H2O2 (1–2 levels of lift and 100% grey coverage), 30 Vol = 9% H2O2 (2–3 levels of lift), and 40 Vol = 12% H2O2 (3–4 levels of lift with high-lift blondes).
3Memorize the 4 foundational haircutting geometries: 0° solid form (one-length, maximum weight line at the perimeter), 45° graduated form (building weight, expansion wedge), 90° uniformly layered form (circular shape, equal hair lengths throughout), and 180° increased layered form (elongated shape, shortest layers at the interior, length preserved at the perimeter).
4Review the melanin types in natural hair: eumelanin (brown-black granular pigments providing depth and darkness) and pheomelanin (red-yellow diffuse pigments producing warmth and brassy undertones during lifting).
5Study the hair growth cycle: anagen phase (active growth stage, 2–7 years, ~85–90% of scalp hair), catagen phase (transition/regression stage, 2–3 weeks, follicle shrinks), and telogen phase (resting/shedding stage, 2–4 months, ~10–15% of hair).
6Practice salon economic calculations: determine target retail markup on hair care products, chemical product waste cost percentages, employee productive hour utilization, and net hourly salon seat profitability.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher in Austria?

The Meisterprüfung Friseur und Perückenmacher is the highest state-recognized master craft qualification in Austria for hairdressing, wigmaking, and styling. Classified as a regulated craft (Handwerk) under § 94 Z 22 of the Gewerbeordnung 1994, it is administered by the WKO Meisterprüfungsstellen and positioned at Level 6 of the National Qualifications Framework (NQR Level 6, equivalent to a Bachelor's degree).

What are the 5 modules of the Austrian Friseur Meisterprüfung?

Modul 1 is the practical examination: Teil A a work sample at apprenticeship-final level, Teil B four subjects — Damenbedienen mit Farbveränderung, Damenbedienen mit permanenter Umformung, Herrenbedienen and Haararbeiten, the last covering full and partial hair replacement and assessed on tressing and knotting technique. Modul 2 is oral: a technical discussion at apprenticeship-final level plus Management, Qualitätsmanagement and Sicherheitsmanagement, each a case-based discussion before the full commission. Modul 3 is written, in three subjects: Fachkompetenz, Planungskompetenz, and Rechnerische Kompetenz und Kalkulation. Modul 4 is the Ausbilderprüfung under §§ 29a ff BAG, and Modul 5 the Unternehmerprüfung. Candidates may sit the modules in any order and one at a time.

What chemical principles are tested in hair texturing and coloring?

Candidates must understand the biochemical structure of hair keratin, the reduction of cystine disulfide bonds by thioglycolates, the oxidation/neutralization process, the polymerization of oxidative dye precursors (primary intermediates and couplers) inside the cortex, bleaching kinetics with persulfates, and the precise calculation of hydrogen peroxide developer concentrations.

What occupational safety and health rules apply to Austrian hair salons?

Salons must adhere to Austrian occupational safety and hygiene mandates. Master stylists must understand the prevention of occupational contact dermatitis (mandatory wearing of disposable nitrile gloves during wet work and chemical applications), proper salon ventilation to prevent persulfate-induced respiratory irritation, and compliance with the EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 regarding restricted substances.

How much does the Austrian Friseur Meisterprüfung cost?

Since 1 January 2024, with retroactive effect to 1 July 2023, the federal government covers the examination fee for the first and second attempt at any module of a Meister- or Befähigungsprüfung, including the Unternehmerprüfung, and also covers room and setup costs for those attempts; candidates pay only for the materials they bring themselves. Third and subsequent attempts are billed under the Allgemeine Prüfungsordnung (BGBl. II Nr. 110/2004), and failing to appear without an accepted withdrawal reason counts as an attempt.

How does this practice bank adapt the Austrian Friseur Meisterprüfung?

The official Austrian master exam includes comprehensive practical client work and a German-language oral/written board examination. This practice question bank provides an English-language multiple-choice study adaptation designed to master trichological biology, chemical reaction kinetics in texturing and coloring, haircutting geometry, hygiene/occupational health rules, and salon cost calculations.