100+ Free Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Practice Questions

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2026 Statistics

Key Facts: Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Exam

MCQ

Four-option multiple-choice paper administered by NExA

National Examination Authority announcement

April 2026

Most recent sitting, held at Kabul University

National Examination Authority news release

46 subjects

Subjects in the new national traditional-medicine curriculum

Ministry of Public Health curriculum launch

126 credits

Credits across six semesters in the three-year curriculum

Ministry of Public Health curriculum launch

Per sitting

Item count, duration, fee and pass mark are not published as standing values

Ministry of Public Health

The Afghanistan Traditional Medicine Practice Licence Exam (امتحان جواز فعالیت طب سنتی) is the national licensing examination for hakims and traditional practitioners, administered by the National Examination Authority for the Ministry of Public Health's Traditional Medicine Directorate; the 1405 sitting was held at Kabul University in Hamal 1405 (April 2026). MoPH published Afghanistan's first standard three-year traditional-medicine curriculum (46 subjects, 126 credits, six semesters) in late 2025. The official item count, duration, fee and pass mark are not published. The official examination is administered in Dari and Pashto; this bank is an English-language MCQ study adaptation for conceptual preparation, not an official translation or a simulation of the official paper.

Sample Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 100+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1In classical Unani and Greco-Arab medicine, what are the four primary elements (Arkan-e-Arba'ah) and their intrinsic primary qualities (Kaifiyat-e-Ula)?

A.Fire (Cold and Dry), Air (Hot and Moist), Water (Cold and Moist), Earth (Hot and Dry)

B.Fire (Hot and Dry), Air (Hot and Moist), Water (Cold and Moist), Earth (Cold and Dry)

C.Fire (Hot and Moist), Air (Cold and Dry), Water (Hot and Dry), Earth (Cold and Moist)

D.Fire (Cold and Moist), Air (Hot and Dry), Water (Cold and Dry), Earth (Hot and Moist)

Explanation: According to traditional Unani cosmology and Avicennian physiology, the four indivisible primary elements (Arkan or Anasir) possess fixed innate qualities: Fire (Nar) is Hot and Dry, Air (Hawa) is Hot and Moist, Water (Ma') is Cold and Moist, and Earth (Ard) is Cold and Dry. These elements unite in varying proportions to form all compound matter and biological tissues.

2How is 'Mizaj' (Temperament) scientifically defined within classical Tibb-e-Unani philosophy?

A.A new, uniform quality (Kaifiyat Mutashabihah) resulting from the mutual interaction and alteration of contrasting primary qualities when elements combine intimately

B.A static genetic trait determined exclusively by maternal bodily fluids during early embryonic cleavage

C.The temporary accumulation of unexpelled metabolic waste products in the peripheral venous circulation

D.The mechanical pressure exerted by arterial blood flow against the inner walls of major vessels

Explanation: In classical texts such as Ibn Sina's 'Canon of Medicine' (Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb), Mizaj is defined as a synthetic, uniform quality emerging from the interaction of opposing primary qualities (heat, cold, moisture, dryness) of compounding elements when their minute particles intermingle closely and break down each other's extremes.

3A patient is evaluated as having a predominantly Damawi (Sanguine) constitutional temperament. Which pair of primary qualities and physical characteristics characterizes this Mizaj?

A.Cold and Dry; pale complexion, thin build, hyperactive reflexes, and cold extremities

B.Cold and Moist; flabby musculature, excessive salivation, lethargy, and slow digestion

C.Hot and Moist; ruddy/reddish complexion, strong muscular build, prominent veins, warm skin, and cheerful disposition

D.Hot and Dry; yellowish sclera, lean wiry frame, sharp aggressive demeanor, and voracious thirst

Explanation: The Damawi (Sanguine) temperament corresponds to the qualities of Heat and Moisture (Har-Rattab), analogous to the element of Air and the humor Blood (Dam). Individuals with this constitution typically exhibit warm skin, a flushed/ruddy complexion, robust musculature, good vascularity, energetic pulse, and an optimistic, pleasant demeanor.

4Which primary qualities and anatomical site of production are characteristic of normal Khilt-e-Safra (Yellow Bile)?

A.Cold and Dry; generated primarily in the spleen through the condensation of venous sediment

B.Cold and Moist; formed in the stomach and lymphatic vessels during the second stage of digestion

C.Hot and Moist; synthesized in the bone marrow and pulmonary capillaries

D.Hot and Dry; produced in the liver during hepatic digestion (Hazm-e-Kabidi) and stored in the gallbladder

Explanation: Khilt-e-Safra (Yellow Bile) is inherently Hot and Dry (Har-Yabis), representing the fiery and lightest fraction of bodily humors. It is generated in the liver during the second phase of digestion (Hazm-e-Kabidi) from the finest, lightest nutritional components; a portion circulates with the blood to nourish tissues like the lungs while the excess is collected in the gallbladder (Murarah).

5Which humor is considered an immature or reserve fluid that can be converted into blood (Dam) when the body experiences prolonged nutrient deprivation?

A.Khilt-e-Balgham (Phlegm)

B.Khilt-e-Safra (Yellow Bile)

C.Khilt-e-Sawda (Black Bile)

D.Rooh-e-Hayawani (Vital Spirit)

Explanation: In Unani physiological doctrine, Khilt-e-Balgham (Phlegm) is regarded as an incompletely concocted, raw humor possessing Cold and Moist qualities (Barid-Rattab). When systemic nutritional intake ceases, innate heat (Hararat-e-Ghariziyyah) acts upon this reserve phlegmatic fluid to further mature and convert it into nourishing Khilt-e-Dam to sustain vital organs.

6What is the origin and physiological role of normal, wholesome Khilt-e-Sawda (Black Bile / Sawda-e-Tabi'i)?

A.It is produced in the kidneys to acidify the urine and dissolve bladder calculi

B.It is the dense sediment formed during hepatic digestion, functioning to give density to bones and stimulate gastric appetite at the cardia

C.It is secreted by the lungs during expiration to cool the arterial blood flowing from the right ventricle

D.It is generated in the thyroid gland to regulate basal metabolic rate and body temperature

Explanation: Sawda-e-Tabi'i (Natural Black Bile) is the heavy, earth-like sediment of hepatic digestion (Hazm-e-Kabidi) possessing Cold and Dry qualities (Barid-Yabis). Physiologically, a small fraction circulates to give firmness and density to rigid structures like bones, teeth, and cartilage, while another fraction is directed to the spleen and the stomach orifice (Fam-e-Meda/Cardia) where its astringency stimulates the sensation of hunger.

7In traditional Greco-Arab and Afghan medicine, what is 'Tabiat' (Medicatrix Naturae)?

A.The external physical climate and ambient temperature of the patient's geographical dwelling

B.The pharmaceutical compounding method used to neutralize toxic botanical alkaloids

C.The supreme innate governing intelligence and physiological power of the human body that maintains health and orchestrates disease recovery

D.The specific astrological configuration present at the time of a patient's birth

Explanation: In classical Tibb, 'Tabiat' represents the innate biological regulatory power (Medicatrix Naturae) bestowed upon living organisms to preserve homeostasis, direct digestion, eliminate morbid humors, and restore health during illness. The physician's role is strictly defined as an assistant or servant to Tabiat (Khadim-e-Tabiat), supporting its natural healing mechanisms.

8Which group represents the four Principal/Vital Organs (A'za-e-Ra'isa) essential for individual survival and species preservation in Unani anatomy?

A.Stomach (Meda), Spleen (Tihal), Kidneys (Kulyatayn), and Bladder (Mathana)

B.Lungs (Riyah), Trachea (Hulqoom), Diaphragm (Hijab-e-Hajib), and Esophagus (Maree)

C.Pancreas (Binkriyas), Gallbladder (Murarah), Small Intestine (Am'a), and Omentum (Tharb)

D.Brain (Dimagh), Heart (Qalb), Liver (Kabid), and Gonads/Testes-Ovaries (Khusyatayn)

Explanation: Classical Unani medicine identifies four primary vital organs (A'za-e-Ra'isa): the Heart (Qalb - seat of Vital Faculty/Quwwat-e-Hayawaniyya), Brain (Dimagh - seat of Psychic Faculty/Quwwat-e-Nafsaniyya), Liver (Kabid - seat of Natural Faculty/Quwwat-e-Tabi'iyya), which preserve the individual, and the Gonads (Khusyatayn/Unthayayn), which preserve the human species.

9The 'Six Essential Prerequisites' (Asbab-e-Sittah Darooriyyah) are foundational to preventive health in traditional medicine. Which list accurately includes all six factors?

A.Air (Hawa), Food and Drink (Makool wa Mashroob), Physical Movement and Rest (Harkat wa Sukun-e-Badani), Mental States (Harkat wa Sukun-e-Nafsani), Sleep and Wakefulness (Nawm wa Yaqzah), and Retention and Evacuation (Ihtibas wa Istifragh)

B.Herbal Therapy, Surgical Intervention, Cupping, Cauterization, Bone Setting, and Aromatherapy

C.Pulse Reading, Urinalysis, Stool Examination, Tongue Inspection, Palpation, and Percussion

D.Genetic Heritage, Geographical Altitude, Lunar Cycles, Solar Eclipses, River Waters, and Soil Composition

Explanation: Asbab-e-Sittah Darooriyyah (Six Essential Causes) are the six indispensable environmental and lifestyle factors that every human constantly interacts with: ambient air, diet, physical activity/rest, emotional/psychic movement, sleep/wake cycles, and excretion/retention of bodily fluids. Equilibrium among these six maintains health, while imbalance produces disease.

10Which vital organ is the principal seat of the Natural Faculty (Quwwat-e-Tabi'iyya), and what are its primary subordinate sub-faculties?

A.The Heart; sub-faculties include Quwwat-e-Ghadhibah (irascible) and Quwwat-e-Shahwiyyah (concupiscible)

B.The Liver; sub-faculties include Quwwat-e-Ghadhiya (nutritive), Quwwat-e-Namiya (growth), and Quwwat-e-Muwallida (reproductive)

C.The Brain; sub-faculties include Quwwat-e-Mudrikah (perceptive) and Quwwat-e-Muharrikah (motive)

D.The Spleen; sub-faculties include Quwwat-e-Dafi'ah (expulsive) and Quwwat-e-Mufarriha (exhilarating)

Explanation: The Liver (Kabid) is the anatomical center for Quwwat-e-Tabi'iyya (Natural Faculty). This overarching faculty governs biological maintenance through three primary powers: Quwwat-e-Ghadhiya (assimilation and nourishment), Quwwat-e-Namiya (growth and tissue expansion), and Quwwat-e-Muwallida/Mughayyirah (generation and reproductive differentiation).

About the Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Exam

The Afghanistan Traditional Medicine Practice License Exam (امتحان جواز فعالیت طب سنتی) is the official licensing examination administered by NExA and MoPH for traditional (Unani and herbal) medicine practitioners seeking legal practice certification.

Assessment

Centralized four-option multiple-choice paper administered by NExA for the MoPH Traditional Medicine Directorate, covering the fundamentals of Unani/traditional medicine, herbal pharmacognosy and materia medica, traditional diagnostics, therapeutics and regimental therapy, and herb-drug safety and regulation. The official item count and session length are not published.

Time Limit

Not published by the Ministry of Public Health or the National Examination Authority

Passing Score

Set by the Ministry of Public Health for each sitting; no standing pass mark published

Exam Fee

Set per sitting by the Ministry of Public Health; the current fee is not published (Ministry of Public Health (MoPH — آمریت طب سنتی) and National Examination Authority (NExA))

Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Exam Content Outline

25 practice items in this bank

Fundamentals of Traditional & Unani Medicine

Concepts of Mizaj (temperament), Akhlat (humors), Arkan (elements), and Tabiat (vital defense).

25 practice items in this bank

Herbal Pharmacognosy & Medicinal Plants

Botanical taxonomy, therapeutic actions, herbal potency degrees, and classic formulation preparations.

20 practice items in this bank

Traditional Diagnostics & Clinical Assessment

Pulse examination (Nabz), uroscopy, clinical signs, and differentiation of humoral imbalances.

15 practice items in this bank

Traditional Therapeutics & Treatment Regimens

Dietary therapies, herbal pharmacotherapy, and regimenal interventions (cupping, massage).

15 practice items in this bank

Herb-Drug Safety, Toxicology & Health Laws

Toxic constituents, drug interactions, emergency red flags, and MoPH practice regulations.

How to Pass the Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: Set by the Ministry of Public Health for each sitting; no standing pass mark published
Assessment: Centralized four-option multiple-choice paper administered by NExA for the MoPH Traditional Medicine Directorate, covering the fundamentals of Unani/traditional medicine, herbal pharmacognosy and materia medica, traditional diagnostics, therapeutics and regimental therapy, and herb-drug safety and regulation. The official item count and session length are not published.
Time limit: Not published by the Ministry of Public Health or the National Examination Authority
Exam fee: Set per sitting by the Ministry of Public Health; the current fee is not published

Keys to Passing

Work through all 100 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Afghanistan Traditional Medicine License Exam Study Tips from Top Performers

1Review the four degrees of drug potency (Darajat-e-Adwiya) and classic herbal indications for common diseases.

2Understand the key diagnostic features distinguishing hot, cold, dry, and wet humoral imbalances.

3Focus on patient safety, contraindications in pregnant women and children, and critical red-flag symptoms requiring immediate hospital referral.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the format of the Traditional Medicine License Exam?

The examination is a four-option multiple-choice paper on OMR answer sheets covering traditional medicine principles, pharmacognosy, diagnostics and patient safety. The Ministry of Public Health does not publish a standing item count or session length for it.

Who is required to take this exam?

Traditional medicine practitioners (Hakims) and graduates of traditional medicine training programs seeking an official practice permit (جواز فعالیت) from the Ministry of Public Health.

What is the passing score and registration cost?

The Ministry of Public Health sets the pass mark and registration fee for each announced sitting; neither is published as a standing value.

What language is the official examination conducted in?

The official exam is set in Dari and Pashto. Our study bank provides an English-language MCQ adaptation for conceptual review and clinical safety training.