Safety + Communications
20%of exam
SCBAPPEMaydayRadioAccountability
Fire Behavior + Construction
25%of exam
TetrahedronFlashoverBackdraftConstructionCollapse
Tools + Fireground Operations
50%of exam
HazMat + Prevention
5%of exam
ERGZonesDeconCOCRR
Quick Facts
- Exam
- Firefighter I/II
- Standard
- NFPA 1010
- Legacy
- NFPA 1001
- Questions
- Varies
- Time
- Local AHJ
- Pass
- Local AHJ
- Skills
- Written + practical
- Credential
- IFSAC/Pro Board
LUNAR Mayday
Say who, where, what, air, resources.
LocationUnitNameAirResources
Survival Picker
- Low-air alarm→Exit now(Notify crew)
- Lost firefighter→Mayday(Transmit LUNAR)
- No radio reply→Activate PASS
- Follow hose→Find coupling(Toward pump)
- Entangled→Control breathing
- Need rescue→Stay oriented
- Crew split→Regroup immediately
- SCBA failure→Emergency procedure
Safety Basics
- PPE
- Barrier ensemble
- SCBA
- Respiratory protection
- PASS
- Motion alarm
- PAR
- Crew accountability
- RIC
- Firefighter rescue crew
- Rehab
- Rest and medical check
- IDLH
- Immediately dangerous atmosphere
CAN Report
Report conditions, actions, and needs.
ConditionsActionsNeeds
SCBA Air
- Low alarm
- Exit immediately
- Bottle pressure
- Check before entry
- Facepiece seal
- No facial hair
- Skip breathing
- Emergency conservation
- Controlled breathing
- Slow air use
- Buddy breathing
- Department specific
- Emergency bypass
- Manual air flow
Communications
- Mayday
- Firefighter emergency
- LUNAR
- Mayday report
- CAN
- Progress report
- Clear text
- Plain radio language
- Benchmark
- Command progress marker
- Tactical channel
- Incident radio path
Flashover vs Backdraft
Flashover
- Room contents ignite
- Heat-driven event
Backdraft
- Gases ignite explosively
- Oxygen-driven event
Read smoke and ventilation
Fire Dynamics
- Fuel
- Combustible material
- Heat
- Ignition energy
- Oxygen
- Oxidizer supply
- Chain reaction
- Sustained combustion
- Conduction
- Contact heat transfer
- Convection
- Fluid heat movement
- Radiation
- Wave heat transfer
- Pyrolysis
- Heat releases vapors
Fire Events
- Incipient
- Early fuel burning
- Growth
- Heat increases
- Flashover
- Room contents ignite
- Rollover
- Ceiling gases ignite
- Backdraft
- Oxygen-fed explosion
- Decay
- Oxygen limited phase
- Flow path
- Heat/smoke route
Construction Types
- Type I
- Fire resistive
- Type II
- Noncombustible
- Type III
- Ordinary masonry
- Type IV
- Heavy timber
- Type V
- Wood frame
- Truss
- Early collapse risk
- Balloon frame
- Vertical void spread
SLICE-RS Attack
Control flow path before committing crews.
Size-upLocateIsolateCoolExtinguishRescueSalvage
Primary vs Secondary Search
Primary
- Fast victim search
- During active incident
Secondary
- Thorough recheck
- After fire control
Search twice when possible
Fire Attack Picker
- Known life hazard→Rescue priority
- Vent-limited fire→Control door
- High heat showing→Cool gases
- Exterior fire visible→Transitional attack
- Interior line ready→Advance coordinated
- Fire knocked→Overhaul carefully
- Hidden extension→Open voids
- Collapse signs→Withdraw crews
Tools + Ladders
- Irons
- Axe plus Halligan
- Pike pole
- Pull ceilings
- K-tool
- Lock cylinder puller
- TIC
- Thermal imaging camera
- 4:1 rule
- Ladder base spacing
- Tip-in
- Ladder raise method
- Leg lock
- Hands-free ladder work
PASS Extinguisher
Pull, aim, squeeze, sweep at base.
PullAimSqueezeSweep
Supply vs Attack Line
Supply
- Feeds apparatus
- Large diameter hose
Attack
- Controls fire
- Maneuverable hoseline
Match line to mission
Ventilation
- Horizontal
- Doors/windows venting
- Vertical
- Roof opening
- PPV
- Fan pressurization
- Hydraulic
- Fog stream exhaust
- Kerf cut
- Roof inspection cut
- Trench cut
- Extension stop cut
- Coordination
- Vent with water
Fog vs Solid Stream
Fog
- Adjustable pattern
- High steam conversion
Solid
- Longer reach
- Better penetration
Use intended stream
Hose + Streams
- Attack line
- Fire control hose
- Supply line
- Hydrant to pump
- Fog stream
- Adjustable pattern
- Solid stream
- Deep reach
- Master stream
- High flow appliance
- Friction loss
- Pressure lost flowing
- Water hammer
- Sudden pressure surge
Class A vs Class B
Class A
- Ordinary combustibles
- Cooling needed
Class B
- Flammable liquids
- Vapor blanket needed
Agent must match fuel
Water Supply
- Hydrant
- Municipal water source
- Drafting
- Lift static water
- Relay
- Pump to pump
- Tender
- Mobile water supply
- Forward lay
- Hydrant to fire
- Reverse lay
- Fire to hydrant
- Steam expansion
- Water expands 1700
Search + Rescue
- Primary search
- Rapid life search
- Secondary search
- Thorough confirmation
- VEIS
- Vent-enter-isolate-search
- Oriented search
- Anchor firefighter guides
- Right-hand search
- Wall-follow pattern
- Drag
- Victim movement
- Marking
- Room searched signal
Hot Zone vs Cold Zone
Hot zone
- Contamination present
- Entry PPE required
Cold zone
- Support area
- Clean operations
Keep zones separated
HazMat Picker
- Unknown product→ERG first
- Victims exposed→Decon corridor
- Gas burning→Secure source
- CO alarm→Meter reading
- Flammable vapor→Control ignition
- Responder contaminated→Decon before care
HazMat + Prevention
- ERG
- Initial action guide
- Isolation
- Keep people away
- Hot zone
- Contaminated area
- Warm zone
- Decon corridor
- Cold zone
- Support area
- CO
- Incomplete combustion gas
- LEL
- Lowest ignitable mix
- CRR
- Community risk reduction
Common Traps
Low Air Alarm
Exit immediately ≠ Do not keep working
Vent Before Water
Coordinate ventilation ≠ Do not freelancing vent
Electrical Fire
De-energize first ≠ Avoid conductive streams
Gas Leak Fire
Shut source first ≠ Avoid vapor cloud
Truss Roof
Expect early collapse ≠ Limit roof time
Foam Choice
Class A wood ≠ Class B liquids
Last Minute
- 1.Know fire tetrahedron
- 2.Call Mayday early
- 3.Exit on low air
- 4.Maintain crew integrity
- 5.Control the flow path
- 6.Coordinate vent with attack
- 7.Use correct foam class
- 8.Check collapse indicators
- 9.Apply ladder 4:1 rule
- 10.Use ERG for unknowns
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