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Knowledge of London Examination (Transport for London)

Practice Questions100 questions

2026 Statistics

Key Facts: UK Taxi & PHV Exam

80%

Typical Pass Score

Local Councils

£40 - £120

Exam Fee Range

UK Authorities

3 Years

Licence Validity

Standard Cycle

Zero

Allowed Alcohol Limit

Licence Conditions

£1,000

Max Assistance Dog Refusal Fine

Equality Act 2010

100%

Free Practice Questions

OpenExamPrep 2026

To drive a taxi or private hire vehicle in the UK, you must pass a knowledge and regulatory test set by your local council (or TfL in London). The test typically contains 30 to 60 multiple-choice questions covering safeguarding, equality duties (such as transporting assistance dogs), the Highway Code, and local bylaws. A pass mark of 80% or higher is commonly required. London drivers must complete the SERU assessment (£40) and/or the topographical skills test.

Sample UK Taxi & PHV Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to test your UK Taxi & PHV exam readiness. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 119+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1What should a driver do if they suspect a child passenger is being exploited or trafficked?

A.Confront the accompanying adult passenger directly

B.Report promptly; use 999 for immediate danger

C.Ignore it as it is not the driver's business

D.Ask the child private questions in front of the adult

Explanation: Safeguarding guidelines state that if you suspect exploitation, you must report it to the authorities. Confronting a suspect or asking questions in front of them can place the child and yourself in danger.

2What does the term 'CSE' stand for in the context of driver safety and safeguarding training?

A.Child Safety Standards

B.Child Sexual Exploitation

C.Council Safety Enforcement

D.Child Support and Equality

Explanation: 'CSE' stands for Child Sexual Exploitation. Safeguarding training is designed to help drivers identify signs of CSE and report them to the police or social services.

3A passenger is so intoxicated that they cannot look after themselves at the destination. What is the safest response?

A.Leave them alone at the nearest well-lit place

B.Arrange a safe handover or seek emergency help

C.Keep driving until they wake without telling the operator

D.Take them to an address chosen by the driver

Explanation: An intoxicated passenger may be vulnerable. The driver should use the booking information and local safeguarding procedure to arrange a responsible handover where possible, and call emergency services if the passenger is unresponsive or otherwise at immediate risk.

4Who is considered a 'vulnerable passenger' under taxi and private hire safeguarding guidelines?

A.Only passengers who do not have cash to pay the fare

B.Anyone at increased risk of abuse, neglect or exploitation

C.Only foreign tourists who do not speak fluent English

D.Only passengers travelling late at night

Explanation: A vulnerable passenger is anyone who is at a higher risk of harm, abuse, or neglect. This includes children, elderly people, individuals with physical or learning disabilities, and those impaired by alcohol or drugs.

5A lone young person at a taxi rank appears distressed. What should a driver do first?

A.Assume another adult will deal with it

B.Check safety and seek appropriate help

C.Take the person home without recording the concern

D.Question nearby people publicly about the child

Explanation: The driver should assess whether anyone is in immediate danger, call 999 for an emergency, and otherwise use police or local safeguarding contacts for advice. The response should avoid exposing the young person or conducting an amateur investigation.

6What is the primary purpose of safeguarding training for taxi and private hire drivers?

A.To teach drivers how to arrest criminal suspects

B.Recognise and report abuse, exploitation or neglect

C.To reduce the cost of the driver's licensing application fee

D.To increase driver tips and customer ratings

Explanation: Safeguarding training aims to equip drivers with the knowledge to spot signs of abuse, sexual exploitation, or human trafficking, and instructs them on the correct reporting procedures.

7Why are taxi and PHV drivers in a unique position to help spot child exploitation and trafficking?

A.Because they are legally allowed to search passenger bags

B.Their journeys can reveal suspicious patterns

C.Because they receive direct data feeds from police databases

D.Because they are required to interview every passenger

Explanation: Drivers travel extensively, operating at all hours, and drop off passengers at various locations. This mobile role makes them valuable eyes and ears in the community to detect unusual or suspicious passenger movements.

8During a compliance check, what determines how a taxi or PHV driver badge must be worn, displayed or produced?

A.The vehicle manufacturer's handbook

B.The issuing authority's conditions

C.One identical UK-wide display schedule

D.The driver's personal preference

Explanation: Badge-display and production requirements are set by the issuing licensing authority under the law and conditions applying in its area. Applicants must learn their own authority's exact rule rather than assume a single UK-wide method.

9What is a key sign that a passenger might be a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking?

A.They ask for a physical receipt at the end of the journey

B.Fear plus another person's control of money, documents or speech

C.They are using a mobile phone to send messages

D.They are wearing casual clothes and sunglasses

Explanation: Victims of human trafficking often exhibit signs of control: they may not carry their own passport or money, look fearful or neglected, and have an accompanying adult who controls all interactions.

10In relation to 'County Lines' drug trafficking, which passenger profile is a potential indicator of a child courier?

A.A parent travelling with two young children during the morning school run

B.An anxious young person making unusual trips under another's control

C.A group of students going to a local university campus library

D.An elderly passenger returning home from a hospital appointment

Explanation: County Lines drug gangs exploit children to transport drugs. Key indicators include young teenagers travelling long distances alone (often to seaside or rural towns), carrying unaccounted cash, multiple phones, and showing signs of anxiety.

About the UK Taxi & PHV Exam

Prepare for UK Hackney Carriage (taxi) and Private Hire Vehicle (PHV) driver assessments, including safeguarding, the Highway Code, equality duties, and licensing regulations.

Questions

50 scored questions

Time Limit

1 hour (varies by council)

Passing Score

80%

Exam Fee

£40 - £120 (Local Licensing Authorities & TfL)

UK Taxi & PHV Exam Content Outline

25%

Safeguarding & Passenger Safety

Identifying signs of abuse, county lines exploitation, protecting children and vulnerable adults, and spot checks.

20%

Equality & Disability Assistance

Duties under the Equality Act 2010, transporting wheelchair users, assisting visually impaired passengers, and assistance dog laws.

20%

Highway Code & Road Safety

Stopping and waiting restrictions, bus lane regulations, speed limits, zebra crossings, and safe driving principles.

20%

Licensing Rules & Regulations

Driver identification badges, licence conditions, vehicle standards, reporting lost property, and fare calculation.

15%

Local Geography & Routing

Route planning, map reading, one-way systems, and locating key points of interest.

How to Pass the UK Taxi & PHV Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 80%
Exam length: 50 questions
Time limit: 1 hour (varies by council)
Exam fee: £40 - £120

Keys to Passing

Complete 500+ practice questions
Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
Focus on highest-weighted sections
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

UK Taxi & PHV Study Tips from Top Performers

1Read the official TfL or local council driver handbook cover-to-cover, focusing on safeguarding and equality duties.

2Memorize the key rules of the Equality Act 2010 regarding wheelchair passengers and assistance dogs, as these are heavily tested.

3Familiarize yourself with local stopping and waiting restrictions (red routes, yellow lines) and where taxis are allowed to wait.

4Take multiple practice exams to get used to the wording of scenario-based safeguarding and passenger safety questions.

5Review basic map-reading skills, grid references, and compass directions for any local geography or topographical sections.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the UK Taxi and PHV Knowledge Test?

It is a mandatory written or computer-based test required by UK local councils (and TfL in London) for individuals applying for a taxi (Hackney Carriage) or private hire vehicle (PHV) driver licence. It ensures drivers understand road safety, local licensing bylaws, passenger safeguarding, and equality duties.

What topics are covered on the UK taxi licence test?

The test covers passenger safety & safeguarding, disability awareness and the Equality Act 2010, the Highway Code (stopping/waiting, speed limits), licensing rules (badge requirements, vehicle condition), and local geography or route planning.

Is the TfL SERU test the same as a local council knowledge test?

TfL's SERU (Safety, Equality and Regulatory Understanding) assessment is London's specific regulatory test for taxi/PHV drivers based on the PHV Driver's Handbook. While similar to local council tests in other parts of the UK, each local authority sets its own specific knowledge test and passing standards.

What are the laws regarding assistance dogs in UK taxis?

Under the Equality Act 2010, it is a criminal offence for UK taxi or PHV drivers to refuse to carry a passenger with a registered assistance dog, or to charge extra for doing so, unless the driver holds a certified medical exemption certificate from their licensing authority.

How many questions are on the UK taxi knowledge test, and what is the passing score?

The format varies by council, but most local authorities use a multiple-choice format with 30 to 60 questions. The passing score is typically high, usually requiring at least 80% to 90% correct answers.

What is the penalty for refusing a wheelchair passenger in a UK taxi?

Refusing to carry a wheelchair user in an accessible taxi, charging them extra, or failing to provide reasonable assistance is illegal under the Equality Act 2010. A driver can face prosecution, a fine of up to £1,000, and suspension or revocation of their driver licence.