Free Practice Questions for Turkey HMGS

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Sample Turkey HMGS Practice Questions

Try these sample questions to review concepts for the Turkey HMGS exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation. Start the interactive quiz above for the full 40+ question experience with AI tutoring.

1Two people die in the same disaster in Turkey. The evidence cannot establish which death occurred first. Which presumption does TMK Article 29 apply?

A.The older person is presumed to have died first

B.The person with the larger estate is presumed to have survived

C.They are presumed to have died at the same time

D.The person registered first is presumed to have died first

Explanation: When the order of deaths cannot be established, Article 29 presumes simultaneous death. Neither age, wealth nor the order of registry processing supplies the missing evidence of survival.

2Under the default participation-in-acquired-property regime, which asset is personal property rather than acquired property?

A.An ordinary salary earned during marriage

B.A claim for non-pecuniary damages

C.Rental income from an inherited apartment

D.A social-security payment replacing employment income

Explanation: TMK Article 220 classifies non-pecuniary damage claims as personal property. Employment earnings and the ordinary income from personal property fall within acquired property under the default statutory regime.

3An intestate leaves a net distributable estate of TRY 240,000, a spouse, and two children. There are no other adjustments. What is each child's statutory share?

A.TRY 60,000

B.TRY 80,000

C.TRY 120,000

D.TRY 90,000

Explanation: With descendants, the spouse receives one-quarter: TRY 60,000. The two children share the remaining TRY 180,000 equally, giving TRY 90,000 each.

4A formally valid testamentary gift infringes a protected heir's reserved portion. Which remedy most directly addresses that infringement?

A.Reduction of the disposition (tenkis)

B.Annulment solely because every testamentary gift is prohibited

C.Correction of a commercial register

D.An execution-office complaint

Explanation: Tenkis protects reserved portions by reducing dispositions to the necessary extent. Annulment addresses separate validity defects, such as incapacity, defective will, or noncompliance with required form.

5An owner voluntarily lends a bicycle to a borrower, who sells and delivers it to a purchaser acting in good faith. Which rule explains the purchaser's acquisition under TMK Article 988?

A.Every purchaser must possess it for five years

B.Good-faith acquisition from a person entrusted with possession is protected

C.Only stolen movables can be acquired in good faith

D.The original owner's later approval is always required

Explanation: Article 988 protects a good-faith acquisition from an entrusted possessor. The rules governing goods lost or taken against the possessor's will must be distinguished from this voluntary entrustment.

6An offer without a fixed acceptance period is sent to an absent recipient. What ordinarily determines how long the offeror remains bound under TBK Article 5?

A.A fixed twenty-four hours

B.The date the recipient first resells the goods

C.The expected arrival time of a timely and properly sent response

D.An indefinite period unless a notary revokes it

Explanation: The rule considers when a timely and properly dispatched response could normally arrive. It does not impose a universal fixed number of days for all means of communication.

7A party discovers the other party's fraud in making a contract. What starts the ordinary one-year period for avoiding ratification under TBK Article 39?

A.Discovery of the fraud

B.The first court hearing

C.The other party's conviction

D.Expiry of the contract's performance period

Explanation: For fraud, Article 39 measures the period from discovery. If the affected party does not give the required avoidance notification or seek restitution within the period, the contract is treated as ratified.

8Two persons are jointly and severally liable for one indivisible injury. One pays the victim more than their internal share. Which distinction applies?

A.Payment removes every possible claim between the wrongdoers

B.The victim must refund the excess to the payer

C.Internal shares are always equal regardless of fault

D.External liability to the victim and internal recourse are separate

Explanation: Joint and several liability allows recovery from a liable debtor within the applicable limits. TBK Article 62 separately addresses recourse and allocation, considering matters including fault and the risks attributable to each debtor.

9Performance becomes impossible for a reason not attributable to the debtor. Under the ordinary TBK Article 136 rule, no exception transfers that risk to the creditor. What happens to advance counter-performance already received?

A.The debtor may retain it as profit

B.It must be returned under unjust-enrichment rules

C.It becomes a statutory contractual penalty

D.It is retained until the original limitation period expires

Explanation: The non-attributable impossibility discharges the obligation under the stated default rule. The discharged debtor loses the counter-performance claim and must return what was received, subject to the statutory risk-allocation exceptions excluded here.

10Which undertaking is characteristic of a valid bono under the Turkish Commercial Code?

A.A promise to pay only if the maker earns a profit

B.A request that a court determine the amount later

C.An unconditional promise to pay a definite sum

D.A promise to deliver goods instead of money

Explanation: A promissory note includes an unconditional promise to pay a definite monetary sum. Conditions on payment or substitution of unspecified goods do not satisfy that required undertaking.

About the Turkey HMGS Exam

Independent English-language MCQ study adaptation by OpenExamPrep for Hukuk Mesleklerine Giriş Sınavı. It is not an official translation or a simulation of the Turkish-language examination. HMGS is a legal-profession entry assessment; judicial recruitment examinations and their interviews are separate assessments.

Exam sponsor: ÖSYM for T.C. Adalet Bakanlığı. The requirements and fees below concern the certification or admission exam, separate from our free practice resources.

Assessment

One 155-minute multiple-choice test covering twenty official legal disciplines. Wrong responses are ignored in raw scoring; the 2026 guide's statistical formula converts the raw results to scores out of 100. HMGS itself has no additional oral, practical, coursework, or case-study component.

Time Limit

155 minutes

Passing Score

70/100 under the official scoring formula; not a guaranteed fixed number of correct responses

Exam / Certification Fees

TRY 1,800 for 2026-HMGS/2; TRY 2,700 during its designated late-application day

Exam sponsor website

Fees, eligibility, and exam policies can change. Confirm them with the exam sponsor before applying or paying.

Official sources

ÖSYM 2026 HMGS/2 and İYÖS application guide · Source checked 2026-10-21Current identity, eligibility, dates, fee, 120 questions, 155 minutes, twenty subject weights, and statistical scoring formula. The guide does not justify claiming that 84 correct answers always guarantees success.
Turkish Civil Code, Ministry-hosted statutory text · Source checked 2026-10-21Private-law cluster: personality, matrimonial property, succession, and acquisition from an entrusted possessor.
TBMM Turkish Code of Obligations · Source checked 2026-10-21Enacted statutory provisions on offers, fraud, joint liability, enterprise transfer, and impossibility; retained items avoid amended rent-rate rules.
Ministry of Trade Turkish Commercial Code · Source checked 2026-10-21Commercial-law cluster: negotiable instruments, resolutions, and reserved board duties.
TBMM Code of Civil Procedure · Source checked 2026-10-21Civil-procedure cluster: exclusive venue, proof, and ordinary appeal; the enacted text is read with subsequent amendments where relevant.
TBMM Law 7499 · Source checked 2026-10-21Current criminal-appeal correction: two weeks from service of the reasoned judgment for the covered decisions.
Constitutional Court: Constitution · Source checked 2026-10-21Public-law cluster: rights restrictions, treaties, parliamentary-minority standing, taxation, and institutional powers.
Revenue Administration: Tax Procedure Law · Source checked 2026-10-21Current tax-procedure text records the Law 7524 removal of tax principal from reconciliation.
ILC Articles on State Responsibility · Source checked 2026-10-21International-law cluster: attribution and breach under Article 2.

Our practice resources: topics covered

We aim to reflect publicly available exam outlines and topic information in our study resources. Coverage, format, and difficulty may differ from the actual exam, and we cannot guarantee that every detail is accurate or current. Confirm exam requirements, fees, and policies with the official exam sponsor.

12.5%; 5 practice items

Civil law

Personality, property, family property, and succession.

10%; 4 practice items

Obligations law

Formation, consent, liability, and discharge.

10%; 4 practice items

Commercial law

Enterprise transfer, companies, and negotiable instruments.

10%; 4 practice items

Civil procedure

Venue, preliminary objections, evidence, and appeal.

7.5%; 3 practice items

Criminal law

Legality, mental states, and participation.

5%; 2 practice items

Criminal procedure

Investigation and current cassation procedure.

5%; 2 practice items

Enforcement and bankruptcy

Ordinary objections and concordat.

5% + 2.5%; 3 practice items

Constitutional law and constitutional adjudication

Rights, treaty conflicts, and abstract review.

5% + 2.5%; 3 practice items

Administrative law and administrative procedure

Act elements, service fault, and stay requirements.

5%; 2 practice items

Labor and social security

Notice periods and insurance branches.

2.5% + 2.5%; 2 practice items

Tax law and tax procedure

Tax legality and current reconciliation scope.

2.5%; 1 practice item

Advocacy law

Conflicting representation.

2.5% + 2.5%; 2 practice items

Legal philosophy and sociology; Turkish legal history

Legal validity and the civil-code reception.

2.5% each; 3 practice items

International law; private international law; general public law

State responsibility, property connecting factors, and separation of powers.

Preparing for the Turkey HMGS Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 70/100 under the official scoring formula; not a guaranteed fixed number of correct responses
Assessment: One 155-minute multiple-choice test covering twenty official legal disciplines. Wrong responses are ignored in raw scoring; the 2026 guide's statistical formula converts the raw results to scores out of 100. HMGS itself has no additional oral, practical, coursework, or case-study component.
Time limit: 155 minutes
Exam / certification fees: TRY 1,800 for 2026-HMGS/2; TRY 2,700 during its designated late-application day Official sources

Using Our Practice Resources

Work through all 40 available questions
Review every answer and explanation
Track weak areas and revisit them
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

Turkey HMGS: Suggested Study Strategy

1Study the primary Turkish statutes alongside the English explanations.

2Distinguish substantive validity, evidence, and procedural admissibility.

3Use the current official scoring and procedural rules rather than older raw-score or deadline summaries.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does 84 correct answers always guarantee a pass?

No. The current 2026 guide uses a score-conversion formula based on raw-score statistics. Seventy out of 100 is the success standard; it should not be presented as a universal 84-correct rule.

Is this an official English examination or translation?

No. The official assessment is in Turkish. These are independent English-language MCQ study adaptations, not an official translation or simulation of its language environment.

Is HMGS the judicial recruitment exam?

No. HMGS and the separately named judicial recruitment competitions have different assessment identities. Applicable graduates must check gateway requirements, exemptions, recruitment conditions, and subsequent interview stages separately.