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Sample Tunisia Dental Residency Practice Questions
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1A patient cannot clench the masseter normally after a motor nerve injury. Which cranial nerve division supplies this muscle?
A.Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
B.Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
C.Facial nerve
D.Hypoglossal nerve
Explanation: The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve supplies the muscles of mastication. Facial expression is principally a facial nerve function, so weakness of chewing and weakness of smiling require different localization.
2After injury near the parotid gland, a patient has an asymmetric smile but preserved sensation over the cheek. Which nerve function is most directly affected?
A.Maxillary nerve sensation
B.Facial nerve motor supply
C.Hypoglossal nerve motor supply
D.Glossopharyngeal nerve sensation
Explanation: The facial nerve passes through the parotid region and supplies the muscles of facial expression. Preserved cheek sensation is compatible with this injury because facial skin sensation is principally carried by the trigeminal nerve.
3An injury to the lingual nerve after it has joined the chorda tympani causes loss of both touch and taste from the anterior tongue on one side. Which pairing explains the two deficits?
A.Touch through VII; taste through XII
B.Touch through IX; taste through V2
C.Touch through V3; taste through VII
D.Touch through XII; taste through IX
Explanation: General sensation from the anterior tongue travels through the lingual branch of V3. Taste fibers from the anterior two-thirds travel with the chorda tympani of VII, which joins the lingual nerve, allowing one peripheral injury to affect both modalities.
4Which presentation most strongly suggests obstruction of a major salivary gland's excretory duct rather than isolated reduction of secretion?
A.Reduced resting salivary flow without gland swelling
B.Dry mouth beginning after antimuscarinic treatment
C.Dry mouth accompanied by persistent dry eyes
D.Recurrent meal-related gland pain and swelling with impaired duct drainage
Explanation: Major salivary glands deliver saliva to the oral cavity through ducts. Meal-related stimulation increases secretion, so an obstruction can produce painful distension rather than normal drainage.
5A worn tooth has lost its enamel covering and exposed the underlying mineralized tissue containing tubules. Which tissue is exposed?
A.Dentin
B.Pulp
C.Periodontal ligament
D.Gingival epithelium
Explanation: Dentin forms much of the tooth beneath enamel and contains dentinal tubules. Pulp is the vascular connective tissue within the tooth, rather than the mineralized layer directly replacing the lost enamel surface.
6Which cell population at the pulp-dentin interface produces dentin matrix?
A.Ameloblasts
B.Odontoblasts
C.Osteoclasts
D.Junctional epithelial cells
Explanation: Odontoblasts line the periphery of the pulp and produce dentin matrix. Ameloblasts produce enamel during tooth development, so the two cell types have different products and locations.
7After a localized injury kills the original odontoblasts, newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells deposit tertiary dentin. Which term describes this response?
A.Primary dentin formation
B.Secondary dentin formation
C.Reparative dentin formation
D.Reactionary dentin formation
Explanation: Reparative dentin is tertiary dentin formed by replacement odontoblast-like cells following loss of the original cells. Reactionary dentin is instead deposited by surviving odontoblasts in response to injury.
8A patient develops persistent salivary hypofunction. Which loss most directly increases susceptibility to dental caries?
A.Reduced enzymatic digestion of starch
B.Reduced lubrication of oral soft tissues
C.Reduced assistance with food-bolus formation
D.Reduced clearance and buffering of acids in the mouth
Explanation: Saliva helps clear substrates and buffer acids, and supplies minerals relevant to remineralization. Reduced flow therefore weakens several protections against caries rather than simply making the mouth uncomfortable.
9Why should a quoted critical pH for enamel demineralization be treated as an approximation rather than a universal constant?
A.Mineral saturation also depends on the surrounding calcium and phosphate concentrations
B.Flow rate alone determines critical pH independently of mineral concentrations
C.Fluoride changes only surface texture and cannot affect mineral solubility
D.Enamel and root dentin necessarily have identical dissolution thresholds
Explanation: Demineralization depends on whether the surrounding fluid is undersaturated relative to tooth mineral. Its calcium and phosphate content influences this balance, so one fixed pH cannot describe every oral environment.
10During dentin bonding, why must an adhesive adequately infiltrate the exposed collagen scaffold after etching?
A.To retain an unsupported collagen layer as a stress-absorbing cushion
B.To form a resin-infiltrated interface rather than leave unsupported demineralized collagen
C.To preserve water-filled channels beneath the cured adhesive
D.To obtain all retention from smear plugs without resin penetration
Explanation: Etching exposes a collagen scaffold that must be infiltrated by adhesive resin to form the hybrid layer. Incomplete infiltration leaves a vulnerable interface, so etching alone does not create a durable bond.
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